• Seeheim model: (refer to figure 2)

1. Presentation -- lexical aspects of the interaction.
2. Dialogue Control -- syntactic aspects of the interaction and is responsible for the dynamics of the application.
3. Application Interface -- layer of adaptation for the non-interactive application kenel to conform to the envisaged style of interaction.

• Drawback:

1. No clue on how to integrate the application with the existing toolkit it is targeted to.
2. Not acknowledge that the weight of the three components will vary according to different type of application.
3. No relationship with an exisiting software design method is given.