Major Components of SOA

Layer 1, the bottom layer, describes operational systems. This layer contains existing systems or applications, including existing CRM and ERP packaged applications, legacy applications, and "older" object-oriented system implementations. The composite layered architecture of an SOA can leverage existing systems, integrate them using service-oriented integration.

Layer 2, the component layer, used container based technologies and designs in typical component-based development.

Layer 3 provides for the mechanism to take enterprise-scale components, business unit-specific components, and in some cases project-specific components and provides services through their interfaces. The interfaces get exported out as service descriptions in this layer, where services exist in isolation or as composite services.

Level 4 is an evolution of service composition into flows or choreographies of services bundled into a flow to act as an application. These applications support specific use cases and business processes. Here, visual flow composition tools can be used for design of application flow.

Layer 5 Web services at the application interface or presentation level. It is also important to note that SOA decouples the user interface from the components.

Level 6 enables the integration of services through the introduction of reliable and intelligent routing, protocol mediation, and other transformation mechanisms, often described as the enterprise service bus.

Level 7 ensures quality of service through sense-and respond mechanisms and tools that monitor the health of SOA applications, including the all-important standards implementations of Web Services-Management.