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OWL can be divided into 3 species
OWL-Lite is the syntactically simplest sub-language. It is intended to be used in situations where only a simple class hierarchy and simple constraints are needed.
OWL-DL is much more expressive than OWL-Lite and is based on Description Logics (hence the suffix DL). Description Logics are a decidable fragment of First Order Logic2 and are therefore amenable to automated reasoning. It is therefore possible to automatically compute the classification hierarchy3 and check for inconsistencies in an ontology that conforms to OWL-DL. We will focuse on OWL-DL.
OWL-Full is the most expressive OWL sub-language. It is intended to be used in situations where very high expressiveness is more important than being able to guarantee the decidability or computational completeness of the language. It is therefore not possible to perform automated reasoning on OWL-Full ontologies.