They were seen to succeed in living a sexually pure life as part of this . There was some extension of the pietistic ideal . Sodalities , such as the Legion of Mary , Opus Dei , and Christian Life communities , have partially extended this form of commitment to some , particularly more middle - class laity , and continue to have an important role in activating laity for what are judged to be religious goals both personally and socially . But generally speaking the ideal has always tended to accentuate the gap between the clerical world view and the lay world view within catholicism . Even though the gap between clerical and lay religious intellectuals has closed , with clergy being left behind in some areas , the clerics remain the true cognoscenti in religious matters , and are expected to be so by the laity . So , to provide ample warning , fit smoke alarms . Ideally , site one in the hall and another on the landing . Avoid fitting one in the kitchen , as fumes from cooking are often enough to activate the alarm . The one illustrated is by First Alert : like most types it can be simply screwed into a ceiling . SEALING GLAZING BARS Frayed or cut wires , for instance , can destroy expensive property by fire or even kill through electrocution . We have arranged a special offer with one of the UK leading manufacturers for their new RCD adaptor . The INPUT SHOTECTOR works by monitoring the current flowing in the live and neutral wires and is activated by any leakage of current to earth perhaps through you ! It senses the danger and almost instantaneously cuts off the power with a speed of reaction which can prevent a tragedy occurring . The Shotector simply plugs into any standard square pin socket . Two - lever morsite locks are very easy to pick compared to their five - lever counter - parts , and deadlocks are a perfect menace to a would - be intruder . A pro can identify the mock burglar alarm , but the genuine article is a real deterrent . Some work on electronic beams , while others are activated by air movement just opening the door can be enough to set off this type . It is important to make sure there are not too many false alarms . Rotten pun , but seriously , it drives the neighbourhood wild when the thing rings for hours , and most importantly , nobody takes any notice if it happens too often . Four different parts of a plot can be viewed at once on the screen , the X and/or Y scaled between linear and logarithmic and size of the plotted data points changed . Colour scheme can be modified to taste . Variable confidence and prediction internals can be activated , special function parameters displayed , a data summary for a selected equation viewed , and data residuals displayed either directly as data , in percentaged form , or graphically . There are also facilities to display the data 's standard errors and select polynomial and rational functions . Equations can be evaluated with an equation preview option which provides a calculator - like evaluation process based on the equation currently being reviewed . Looking back to the global village The reality of world - wide communications was indicated by Queen Victoria 's Diamond Jubilee celebrations . On June 22 1897 , the Queen , in the telegraph room at Buckingham Palace , pressed the button activating the Central Telegraph Office 's equipment in St. Martin 's Le Grand . It sent her jubilee greeting throughout the empire in a powerful demonstration that the global village was a possibility , some 14 years before the birth of its future prophet Marshall McLuhan . It is doubtful if anything remotely striking will be forthcoming as regards either ISDN or OSI in the two years remaining before dawning of the brave new communicative continent in 1992 . Mr Glennie , who designed the trimaran , said it had turned over about 700 nautical miles east of the International Date Line during a gale . They were trapped inside , but were able to cut a hole through the hull . Mr Glennie activated an emergency locator beacon , and they were confident of being rescued within a week . He said there was never a day when he did not believe they would survive . Around the World Although redesigned , the cockpit is obviously supposed to retain the character of the old 911 . And that means fiddly switches scattered haphazardly across the dash and centre console like bits of shot fired from a blunderbuss . They are difficult to locate and activate . The dash also looks uninviting . Many cars costing a third as much have a more upmarket fascia , better quality trimmings and more comfortable seats . This block of data includes the index , and if the index is rendered useless then so is all the data on the hard disc . It cannot be recalled in any coherent form . The virus is activated when the computer program is executed by running it on a computer . It replicates itself , and each new copy , which is independent of the original , goes on to carry out the task for which the virus was designed . Call for sacking of conservation convention chief Everyone joined in to serve Swiss wine to the residents and then enjoyed a superb buffet prepared by Faye and her catering staff . Hong Kong Receiving a copy of the AGM Minutes from the Branch prompts Air Mail to give a little space to describe the activities and efforts being made by the Branch Committee , a committee which has been virtually unchanged since the Branch was re - activated six years ago. Such stalwarts as Chairman Peter Harris , Hon Treasurer and Welfare Officer Tom Smith and Hon Secretary Roger Draper continue to serve in spite of all the pressures of work in this uncertain environment . Anyone who knows Hong Kong will appreaciate that spare time is at a premium there , and the efforts of those members who ensure that a successful branch exists deserves recognition and thanks . Gilbert refers to a dissertation by Richard Allen Soloway which shows contemporary fears of Christianity falling before the atheistical , licentious , and immoral foreigner ( Sexual Deviance and Disaster , 98 , 99 , 1001 , 11011 ) . The sodomite becomes a virulent image of this threat , embodying a foreign infection which in turn is linked to social disorder and economic collapse at home . A violent , enduring mythology is activated to make sense of immediate socio - political crisis and fear . This analysis suggests that if , in periods of intensified conflict , crisis is displaced on to the deviant , the process only succeeds because of the paranoid instabilities at the heart of dominant cultural identities . Further , such displacements of non - sexual fears on to the sexual deviant , be he or she actual , imagined , or constituted in and by the displacement , are made possible because other kinds of transgression political , religious are not only loosely associated with the sexual deviant , but condensed in the very definition of deviance . A good choice as a go - anywhere camera , provided you wo n't feel limited by the single lens . OLYMPUS AF - 1 TWIN Similar in most respects to the AF - 1 Super , the Twin adds a second lens of 70mm focal length , activated at the touch of a button . I expected to pay for twin - lens versatility with loss of picture quality , but this was n't the case at all . This invaluable extra feature adds little to the overall weight and bulk of the AF - 1 , though you do lose the AF - 1 's fast - recycling flash and close - up facility . They were drafted by the Ministry of Defence and Department of Health . Department of Health officials wrote to regional administrators in 1980 with details of a new plan code - named Bittern providing for the use of service ambulances and drivers in the event of an industrial dispute the decision now taken yesterday by ministers . Two other plans , not activated in the present dispute , were also drawn up. One , code - named Concord , dealt with how the armed forces would drive NHS ambulances . The other plan , code - named Lionel , related to limited service assistance in the event of a strike involving certain skilled and semi - skilled ancillary workers . We burnt out the pto three times last year , but luckily it only takes an hour to change it . Now the standard pto has been replaced by a beefier home - made version . The old hydraulically - activated system had 10 small clutch plates , whereas the new one has a bigger 23cm ( 9in ) flywheel and four big plates . The new set - up gives more surface area , says Mr Tomlinson , and should last much longer . It would n't be disastrous even if it gave out in mid - field , he adds . Precisely . That 's what I do and that 's why I hide . I know how to program the software that activates the Goddess . Tammuz you are mad . What am I doing here in bed with you ? For Zuwaya or Magharba , the largest group which had common descent for practical purposes was a tribe . Qaddafi speaks of a larger effective grouping , the nation ( he does not give much space to the solidarity of the world ) . Moreover , Zuwaya and Magharba thought that their larger groupings were temporary : activated to demand compensation , they then relapsed into the noumenon , leaving households to go about their business ; revenues from taxes were not kept in a fisc , but allocated to household budgets and so on . Qaddafi , however , thinks of nations as permanently active groups in continual session , not disappearing from practice when they are not needed . They are the chief motor of history , undermining artificial creations such as states which attempt to impose solidarities on people , to claim their lives and property , for political or economic or military purposes . Even the shirts which had been left for many weeks in my laundry out - tray responded to the punishment it dished out . The iron 's trigger , concealed in its handle , was jolly good fun to operate . One squeeze and you 've strafed even the most determined of creases out of existence : a separate jet of steam , which is activated by a button on top of the handle , is useful for sniper attacks on hard - to - defeat cuff wrinkles . Irons I 've used before have also offered this facility , but I 've always found I 've ended up toing and froing between the tap once too often . The capacity of the Philips iron keeps this to a minimum . On the eighth move , Short played a very interesting pawn thrust in the centre which made Karpov ponder his reply for 15 minutes . Ten minutes ahead on the clock , Short castled on the queenside and began a pawn advance which secured him the initiative . Karpov decided to enter an end game in the hope of relieving the pressure , but Short skilfully took control of the only open file on the board with both his rooks and activated the king and advanced his pawn majority on the queenside . Karpov , his position deteriorating fast , used up nearly all his thinking time trying to find a defence . At one point , Karpov had to make 10 moves in one minute to reach the time control at move 40 . A study showed that capsaicin , the hot ingredient in chilli , enhances the appreciation of food and may stimulate the body 's natural painkillers in a way that could be addictive . Found in red peppers and chilli peppers , capsaicin causes a sensation of burning pain in the mouth by triggering the trigeminal nerve , which has branches in the eyes , nose , tongue and mouth . But it does not activate taste buds and has no intrinsic flavour . Dr John Prescott of the CSIRO , Australia 's national research organisation , and colleagues at the Sensory Research Centre in Sydney looked at how different amounts of capsaicin affected the flavour and intensity of solutions of sugar and salt . The researchers selected 35 people who ate spicy food regularly and gave 19 of them 32 solutions containing different amounts of capsaicin and sugar . The original Laughing Man graced the Galeries Lafayette store in Paris , before being bought by the Blackpool Pleasure Beach Company in the 1930s . Its replacement fibreglass torso has been manufactured by a German robotics company . Concealed inside are three motors which control the movement of its limbs and activate a recording of its manic laugh . The head , which was being given a facelift at the time of December 's fire , has been graced with a new mop of blue hair . A spokeswoman for the Blackpool Pleasure Beach said it was hoped the revitalised Laughing Man would be restored to his glass cabinet within a fortnight . Nina ? Tropical blossoms turned towards her , stamens quivering . It was some species of voice - activated flytrap she had never heard of . There was a crackle of static , like a public address system at a church social , then another record started . Mama Cass crooning Dream a Little Dream of Me . They may , for example , have suffered redundancy or have difficult financial problems , but these events would not be directly impinging on their particular vulnerability . However , a person who based his or her sense of worth entirely on achievement would be much more likely to succumb to depression in the event of such employment problems . Once activated , dysfunctional assumptions produce negative automatic thoughts negative in that they are associated with unpleasant emotions and automatic in that they pop into people 's heads rather than being the product of any deliberate reasoning process . These may be interpretations of current experiences , predictions about future events , or recollections of things that have happened in the past . They , in turn , lead on to other typical signs of depression : behavioural symptoms ( for example , lowered activity levels , withdrawal ) ; motivational symptoms ( for example , loss of interest , inertia ) ; emotional symptoms ( for example , anxiety , guilt ) ; cognitive symptoms ( for example , poor concentration , indecisiveness ) ; and physical symptoms ( for example , loss of appetite , loss of sleep ) . After trying various neurotransmitters the group found that serotonin could potentiate the cell 's response ie enhance the response to stimulation . The difference between long and short term memory depends on whether certain NMDA ( N methyl - D - aspartate ) receptors were activated or not. A stronger ( long ) serotonin stimulus causes the release of amino acids which activate the NMDA receptors , leading to long term memory . A short stimulus gives only a transient NMDA elevation , but if the cells are treated with both serotonin and NMDA , then long term potentiation could be induced . The team also found that long term potentiation led to the persistent elevation of cAMP in the cells , while short term potentiation was associated with only a transient elevation of cAMP . Vic passes through the glazed porch and out into the open air . The cold wind ruffles his hair and makes him flinch for a moment , but it is refreshing after the stale warmth of the house , and he takes a deep breath or two on his way to the garage . As he approaches the garage door it swings open as if by magic in fact by electricity , activated by a remote - control device in Vic 's pocket a feat that never fails to give him a deep , childlike pleasure . Inside , the gleaming dark blue Jaguar V12 , Registration Number VIC 100 , waits beside Marjorie 's silver Metro . He backs the car out , shutting the garage door with another touch on the remote control . The suggestion that pre - exposure to a stimulus establishes an exact representation of it , for instance , is not in itself enough to explain latent inhibition ; indeed it seems capable of predicting quite the wrong result . The ability of the CS to evoke the CR after conditioning trials have been given will depend , in part , upon that stimulus being identified with the one that was presented during conditioning . To the extent that this identification is more likely to be made when the stimulus in question is already capable of activating a detailed representation , the likelihood of a vigorous CR may be increased . What we have already seen , however , ( p. 24 ) is that pre - exposure to the to - be - CS results in retarded development of the CR . Clearly , this aspect of our account of habituation is not enough in itself to explain the latent inhibition effect . This is what has been claimed for an alternative associative account put forward by McLaren , Kaye , and Mackintosh ( 1989 ) . This theory develops the convergence ( also noted by others , e.g. Sutton and Barto 1981 ; Gluck and Bower 1988 ) between standard associative models and connectionist systems of parallel distributed processing ( e.g. Rumelhart , Hinton , and McClelland 1986 ) and it is intended to apply to a range of phenomena in perceptual learning . For our present purposes , however , the important feature of the model is that it develops the implications of the widely accepted notion that even the simplest stimulus will consist of a set ( probably a large number ) of elements and that only some of these will be sampled ( will activate their central representations ) on a given exposure ( cf. Estes 1950 ; Neimark and Estes 1967 ) . Latent inhibition is held to be a consequence of the formation of associations among these elements . All the accounts of latent inhibition discussed so far have assumed that what is learned during pre - exposure interferes with the formation of the CS - US association . Revusky ( 1971 ) call his theory a concurrent interference theory to emphasize just this point and to distinguish it from another commonly held interpretation of proactive interference . According to this alternative view , the target association may be formed perfectly normally but since , on a subsequent test trial , both this and any previously learned association will become activated when the CS is presented , the subjects may fail to retrieve the correct one and the likelihood of the CR will be reduced . Indeed , the effects of retrieval failure may also be evident during the course of conditioning itself because any trial after the first can be viewed as being a test trial on which the subject is required to retrieve information acquired on earlier trials . Clearly the retrieval - failure hypothesis will make many of the same predictions as other theories of latent inhibition . One possibility that follows from Wagner 's ( 1981 ) theory is that the magnitude of the CR might actually be enhanced . In the context used for training , contextual cues will be able to establish an A2 ) ( secondary activation ) representation of the CS thereby limiting the ability of the stimulus itself to evoke Al ( primary activation ) . In a different context , however , the CS will be able to evoke Al and since the Al state is better than A2 at activating an associative link , the CS will be better able to elicit its CR when the context is changed . There may be other associative effects , however , and these allow the possibility that a change of context might reduce the likelihood of the CR . In particular , associations will also be formed between the context and the US , allowing the former to come to elicit , at least to some degree , the CR evoked by the nominal CS . Thus both A and B could become directly linked with a representation of stimulus X as shown in Fig 5.10 ( a ) . Subsequent training with A followed by an unconditioned stimulus ( US ) might allow the formation of an association between the associatively activated representation of X and the US . Thus B would become capable of activating the US representation ( and of evoking a CR ) by way of its ability to activate the X representation . A and B might well have features in common from the outset ( the c elements in the figure ) and these will produce primary generalization training on A will give associative strength to stimulus elements that are present also in B. The X representation functions in just the same way as the c elements in producing generalization except for the fact that the ability of A and B to activate X is based on prior conditioning . It should be acknowledged that not all theories of Pavlovian learning are entirely happy with the suggestion that an associatively activated representation can form an excitatory link with the ( directly activated ) representation of some other event . The critical aspect of differentiation theory in this context is its assertion that exposure to A and B will lead to an increase in the number of distinctive features that can be detected . This must mean , in terms of the figure , an increase in the number of a and b elements activated by the stimuli , something that can be represented diagrammatically in more than one way . Figure 5.11 ( b ) shows an increase in the areas a and b with a consequent reduction in the proportion ( although not the absolute number ) of c elements activated by a stimulus . figure 5.11 ( c ) presents a slightly different possibility in which the sizes of the A and B circles have not been changed . There is no net increase in the number of elements activated by a given stimulus but the circles have been moved apart , indicating not only an increase in the number of unique elements activated by a stimulus but a corresponding decrease in the number of common elements activated . They simply wandered around in the dark , placing their bombs on the parked aircraft until they ran out of them . But then , instead of making a hasty retreat , they lurked around the airfield buildings to wait for the explosions . Sure enough , the twenty - minute time pencils activated the detonators and up went the aircraft . It was then that Mayne noticed light coming from under a door . Kicking it open he saw a group of officers , probably pilots , and emptied the contents of a tommy - gun into them . Oceanic are renowned for their innovative designs and precision building . Now they 've taken a plunge into the dive computer market and the outcome is the DataMax Sport . First impressions are of a compact unit , encased in a heavy - duty rubber wrist pod , with clearly readable figures on its LCD display and one actuating button underneath the screen at last a move away from water activated touch - type buttons . Strapping the DataMax onto one 's wrist shows up one of its few faults . The rubber strap is too short to fit around the bulky cuff of a membrane drysuit without either stretching the strap or wearing the computer over your wrist seal . After this self - diagnostic check , the screen normally reverts to surface mode . If there is anything wrong internally , or insufficient battery power , the screen could stay lit , flash , or shut down , depending on the error . Try activating again , or wait a little while before re - activation . If the error still does n't clear , return it to Oceanic . With an expected life of three years for the lithium battery , there should n't be any problems with this unit , but Oceanic UK guarantee a three day turnround on battery changes , and service like this is good to hear about . Transmitters and mediators The transmitter substances which we described in chapters 4 and 6 provided a valuable basis from which to start searching for new drugs . Dale and his colleagues in the 1930s showed that acetylcholine , in addition to its other properties , was a local hormone relaying messages at autonomic ganglia , that is at critical points in the nerve pathways which control the heart and blood vessels , and at the sites where nerves activate voluntary muscles . The first drugs which could be relied on to reduce the dangerously high arterial pressure which precedes strokes and heart failure were substances which blocked the actions of acetylcholine at these ganglia , and so prevented the passage of nervous messages which put up the blood pressure . A series of synthetic compounds , with a long pedigree going back to the work of Crum Brown and Fraser in the 1860s ( see chapter 2 ) , were produced simultaneously by R. B. Barlow and H. R. Ing in the Pharmacology Laboratory at Oxford and by W. D. M. ( later Sir William ) Paton and Eleanor Zaimis at the National Institute for Medical Research . The promoter of the elastase gene was joined to the growth hormone gene and this new construct injected into the nucleus of the fertilized mouse egg . It was now found that growth hormone was made in the pancreas . Specific promoters are activated in specific cells . It is as if the promoter regions for luxury proteins contain a list of addresses at which the gene should be active . The state of a cell can , in principle , be described by its genetic activity which genes are switched on and off . Structural genes code for luxury proteins that play an important role in the life of the cells haemoglobin in red blood cells , contractile proteins in muscle . The products of regulatory genes are only involved in regulating other genes and their products do not serve any other function . One such gene is myogenin which activates a set of genes in muscle development . Regulatory genes are very important in pattern formation . As pointed out in Chapter 3 the difference between ourselves and chimpanzees does not lie within the cell types but in their spatial organization . When we lived a simpler life we walked , swam , stretched and climbed as a matter of course almost every day of our lives . We did not consciously exercise , nor did we require supplementary exercise to keep our bodies finely tuned . In relation to stress , regular exercise increases the circulation which in turn increases oxygen levels in the blood and activates the hormonal system ( the endocrine glands ) . This has a definite positive effect on our state of mind . Anyone who has recently taken up some form of exercise will tell that it has brought them enhanced mental energy and concentration , the ability to sleep more deeply and a feeling of well - being . However , extracellular calcium is necessary and there is considerable evidence , particularly from studies of thrombasthenic platelets , that the platelet surface glycoproteins IIb and III are involved ( Nurden Caen , 1974 , 1975 ; Phillips Agin , 1977 ) . More recently , fibrinogen has been strongly implicated in platelet - platelet interactions . Platelets activated by thrombin were found to produce haemagglutinin activity with fixed bovine erythrocytes ( Gartner et al , 1980 ) , and subsequently the same group have shown that this agglutinin is bound to platelet membranes and appears in the incubation fluid following platelet activation by thrombin ( Gartner et al , 1980 ) . It is highly likely that this agglutinin is fibrinogen ( Gartner et al , 1980 ; Berndt Phillips , 1981 ) . Indeed , the role of fibrinogen in platelet aggregation has been recognised for many years ( Born Cross , 1964 ; Brinkhaus et al , 1965 ) . Another one to two minutes of music . Speak : I can activate within my unconscious the healing power . Guided by your inner teacher , then add what you know you need . The list below will give you some idea of what you can do . The area has been subject to Cimmerian rift - faulting but has suffered additional severe inversion and wrench - related movements associated with the edge of the Broad Fourteens Basin . The Ijmuiden Ridge is highlighted as a possible structural influence in a manner analogous to the Dowsing Fault - Zone . The Ijmuiden Ridge forms the southern edge of the inverted Broad Fourteens Basin and has the characteristics of a line of complex re - activated fault movement . Hercynian influences are largely obscured by the later structural effects , but as a result of the improved quality of seismic data , some important aspects of pre - Permian structure have been defined . With the exception of the London - Brabant Massif , the structural form is considered to be largely independent of the Mesozoic structure described above . Recent research in tumour promotion backs up this objection . Tumour promoters are substances such as the phorbolesters that are n't carcinogenic by themselves but encourage the growth of malignant tumours in cells that have previously been exposed to a low dose of a true carcinogen ( known as an initiator ) . Researchers have now discovered that even by themselves , promoters can stimulate cells to produce activated forms of oxygen , known as free radicals . These can damage DNA . Promoters presumably would fall within Albert 's nongenotoxic or epigenetic category , a daunting prospect to those who favour erring on the side of safety . Carcinogens awaken sleeping genes CANCER cells are almost by definition cells that have escaped from the controls that govern the behaviour of the individual cells in a multicellular organism . And recent research has dramatically shown that one way for them to make the break is through the activation of cellular oncogenes genes that are more or less inactive in normal cells hut seem to be altered or activated in tumour cells ( New Scientist , vol 96 , p418 . Now two Americans , Vincent Wilson and Peter Jones at the University of Southern California , have evidence that one of the actions of cancer - causing chemicals may be to jam the mechanism that normally keeps these genes as well as other cellular genes under control . The mechanism thee were looking at is a chemical modification of the DNA known as methylation . Alert readers of Monitor will have remembered a recent report on the experimental use of a demethylating drug for an inherited anaemia ( New Scientist , vol 96 , p 725 ) . The patients in that trial were already mortally ill . Plainly in any less desperate case the risk of activating oncogenes would absolutely forbid the use of such a drug . Artificial membrane sifts ions by changing voltage MAN - MADE membranes that allow some charged molecules ( ions ) to pass through them but prevent the passage of others are important components of many medical and technological systems . Hayward and his collaborators are among those to have reported this discovery in ANAS ( vol 79 , p 7842 ) ; they , and a collaborative team led by Bob Gallow of the US National Institutes of Health and Carlo Croce of the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia , have shown that the myc gene is strategically placed at the breakpoint where the translocated fragment of chromosome 8 links up with chromosome 14 in lymphoma cells . At the same time , Phil Ledler , Stuart Aaronson and G. Lenoir have gone further and shown that in Burkitt 's lymphoma cells the myc gene becomes linked with DNA - encoding parts of the antibody molecule . But while these reports neatly confirm Kein 's and Hayward 's ideas about the activation of proto - oncogenes in leukaemias and lymphomas , they have also helped to unleash a surprisingly violent controversy about how the proto - oncogene is activated . Harvard 's experiments on bird tumours , for example , showed that viral insertion increased the expression of the myc gene and Croce and his collaborators reported that they found increased expression of myc in Burkin 's lymphomas ( Science , vol 21 8 , p 983 ) . But others have failed to find such quantitative increases , and suspect instead that in the course of translocation , the alene is altered in a way that causes a qualitative change in its product . SATURATED hydrocarbons ( alkanes ) such as methane and ethane contain the strongest known carbon - hydrogen bonds ; bonds that are notoriously difficult to break in a controlled way . Now chemists have discovered several compounds of transition metals such as tungsten and iridium that can split an alkane carbon - hydrogen bond to form a carbon - metal bond instead . Once attached to a metal , an alkane is activated : it is easier to convert into other useful organic chemicals . The abundance of alkanes makes them particularly attractive starting materials for industrial processes . The enormous stocks of methane under the North sea are mainly used for fuel natural gas . Bergman used his iridium compound in a sequence of reactions to demonstrate how to convert an alkane into an iodine derivative called an alkyl iodide . Organic chemists can change alkyl iodides into almost any other products they want . Although these transition metal compounds will activate carbon - hydrogen bonds , they do not behave catalytically , and so are of limited practical value . A catalyst facilitates a chemical process without being used up or changed itself . Bergman 's iridium compound , for example , is itself chemically altered during the alkyl iodode reaction . They work when they are triggered by numerous reflexes situated throughout the body . These muscles have the function of keeping us upright against the ever - present force of gravity ; they have the advantage of never tiring as they need to work for long periods at a time . If the body is used in an uncoordinated fashion some of the reflexes are not triggered and , therefore , do not activate the postural muscles . We then start to use our voluntary muscles for support something for which they were not designed . As a result , we feel very tired after a comparatively short time . Lab - Plant has introduced a computer - controlled , electronic stirrer which can be programmed to perform a series of functions automatically and for long periods . The Heidolph RZR 2103 electronic stirrer has an analogue interface for computer control and has indicators for both speed and viscosity . Voltage and current signals can be used to pre - set speed or to call up the actual values for speed and torque , and the start/stop functions can be activated using the same method . Circle 122 Raman spectrometer . The largest group of laboratory made dental polymers are those used as denture bases . These are made using a dough moulding process , rather than injection moulding , in which powdered poly - ( methylmethacrylate ) , obtained by emulsion polymerisation , is mixed with the methyl methacrylate monomer and cross - linking agents . Following swelling of the polymer beads , free - radical addition polymerisation is activated by using heat , with benzoyl peroxide as the initiator . ( A similar autocuring system is used in orthopaedic surgery for fixing hip - joints . ) Soft linings for dentures , which are required or at least desired by many patients , are a challenging research problem . First , there is the conversion of a sol ( a colloidal solution ) to a gel ( or an infinitely connected network of polymer chains ) , which is approximately described as formally similar to a critical phenomenon , and for which the formalism of scaling theories is applicable and secondly , the conversion of the gel to a much less compliant , rigid glass , which is governed by diffusion processes . These processes determine the probability of two components being close enough together to allow covalent bonding by addition reaction . Fig. 2 . ( a ) Experimental set - up for measuring of cuspal deformation in teeth during light - activated polymerisation of a polymer - composite restorative material . ( b ) Experimental record of rapid cuspal deformation . Associated with these processes is polymerisation shrinkage . Fig. 4 . The setting process is glass ionomer ( polyalkenoate ) cements gives a complex heterogeneous structure . Recently , hybrid glass ionomers have been made that cure partly by light - activated polymerisation , besides the normal acid - base setting reaction . The advantage of these ionomers is that the initial setting process , by photochemical polymerisation , gives the cement good early protection against attack by moisture . Light - cured glass ionomers consist of a complex mixture of components . Are these rationalisations taken up by local politicians or are they neglected ? Are pressure groups involved ? If so , how are they activated ? What are the motivations of those involved in a dispute which pits the locals against the others ? In the context of the UK as a whole , are we right ln assuming that there is such a thing as public opinion , a general consensus which is quantitatively different to local opinion ? The Unwins who received the trophy , the cheque and the speeches from the president of the racecourse and the top brass of the Jockey Club ; whose memories of the day would be the sweetest . Feeling pleased for them , I lowered the binoculars through which I 'd been able to see even the tears on Mrs Unwin 's cheeks , and there below me and in front of the grandstand was the man with the gaunt face looking up towards the Clubhouse windows . Almost trembling with haste , I put the binoculars up again , found him , activated the automatic focus , pressed the button , heard the quiet click of the shutter : had him in the bag . It had been my only chance . Even before the film had wound on , he 'd looked down and away , so that I could see only his forehead and his grey hair ; and within two seconds , he 'd walked towards the grandstand and out of my line of vision . If pressing continues beyond the 2,666 litres limit the final dregs of the juice obtained , known as the rebche , may not be used for the production of Champagne , Coteaux Champenois ( the still wines of Champagne ) or , indeed , any other officially classified wine . Tannin increases as the pressing continues , particularly during the rebche stage when the constituents of the stalks and pips progressively dominate the flow of juice . Unlike still red wines , sparkling Champagne does not benefit from a detectable tannin content , although a little tannin will be added prior to the last racking to activate the fining agent . It is therefore interesting to compare the increase of undesirable tannin with the decrease in desirable active acidity : It is a long - established fallacy that both the cuve and the taille are officially divided into three : the first , second and third cuves and the first , second and third tailles . She believed her immortal soul was in jeopardy . Dalgliesh said : Who knows what she believed ? I think she was probably activated by a divine obstinacy . I find that rather admirable . Meg said : I think Mr Copley would argue that she was wrong , not the obstinacy , but her earthbound view of the sacrament . The ME - 10 is , as you 'd expect , MIDI compatible with other processors , controllers and pedal boards , and the rear panel contains both MIDI in and out sockets . It also houses three footswitch sockets for effect bypass , manual mode remote and tuner on/off . When the onboard tuner is activated in this way the guitar signal is instantly muted , avoiding the need for the player to bend down to the tuner switch on the unit , or re - patch the guitar lead . Two of BOSS 's own expression pedals can be connected via a pair of sockets , with further sockets for headphones and the ME - 10 's external effects loop . The remaining sockets are the stereo outputs ( left for mono ) and a single instrument input . However , Moon have also added a third rotary which is in fact a five - way switch . PRS and Patrick Eggle have revived this fashion , which was predominant once upon a time on Gibson 's ES345/355 models . The Moon 's five - way does the following : position one is straightforward humbuckers ; position two coil taps both pickups , leaving just the outer coils operational ; position three activates only the inner coils ; position four gives you the humbuckers in parallel and five puts them out of phase . All this should add up to an exceedingly varied tonal palette indeed . In Use Ch'i is a universal fluid out of which bodies condense and into which they dissolve . At its densest , as in a stone , it is inert , but the more tenuous it is the more freely it moves , for example as the air we breathe ; even the void is ch'i at the ultimate degree of rarefication . Inside the denser ch'i of the living body flow more rarefied currents which circulate and activate it , moving freely as breath , less freely as blood . The concrete meaning of the word in ordinary language is in fact breath , and the alternations of breathing out and in are the paradigms for the ch'i in its active phase moving , expanding , rarefying as the Yang , and in its passive phase reverting to stillness , contracting , solidifying , as the Yin . This duality accounts for the generation and alternation of opposites throughout nature , light and dark , moving and still , male and female . In India , Kurunba , or universal energy , named Sakti , is female in nature . Sakti is representative of the expression of the God , or force of nature that is responsible for a particular principle . The natives know that it is not the actual paintings in the caves that activate the Kurunba but the rocks on which they are drawn ; the rocks being imbued with the spirit of the entities depicted . Sacred works of art such as the Wandjina act as powerful images , capable of stimulating and intensifying mind power during rituals , similar in nature to Yantras or designs used in Tantric meditative techniques . Any work of art is a complex vibratory system to which our senses and nervous system respond , and any object such as the sacred wooden boards or Tapundas , or the stone Tjinas of the Aborigines , many of which are inscribed with the serpent motif , or any object that has been submitted to human veneration through actions or desires , remains charged with psychic power that can be transmitted or given off in energetic emanations providing there has been no transformation of the original material used in its creation . Penny Thornton VIRGO BY THE end of 1993 your life will look very different from the way it does now . Three eclipses will activate parts of the Virgo horoscope , open your eyes to possibilities and ensure that you get out of any ruts . In many ways , you will have to throw away the rule book because the tried and tested that you have set so much store by will prove inadequate for the job . World events will create some of the situations that affect your course . This is the only court of appeal for cases tried by the military court , and looks only at points of law and not at facts and findings , thus providing a restricted appeal . In October 1990 , Hamadi Jebali , who is a member of the executive council of Hizb al - Nahda , had received a six month 's suspended sentence and a fine of 1500 dinars for publishing an article entitled The people of the State or the State of the people ? in Al - Fajr in June 1990 . This sentence may be added to the new one - year term . Please send courteous letters appealing for his immediate and unconditional release to : MOROCCO In modern China an attempt has also been made to create a national art , in this instance by partly discrediting tradition . In 1942 Lu Hsun was quoted by Mao Tse - tung as asserting that the aim of a modern Chinese artist should be : By selection to accept the historical legacy of Chinese traditional art ; to absorb the best style and technique from foreign art ; and thus to establish a new national art in accordance with the demands and needs of the masses . Mao added : To study the development of this old culture , to reject its feudal dross and assimilate its democratic essence , is a necessary condition of our new national culture . The critical distinction between feudal dross and democratic essence subsequently proved difficult to make . This brief diversion into the cultural and political history of Germany , the USSR and China has been made to emphasise the way that a state may determine artistic production , and thence art criticism . It is modestly titled About Prints . In it this English master printmaker wrote lucidly and well about the range of possibilities in his profession . His memories of his Paris studio add spice to his account , for the facilities there were used not only by his students but in addition by such major artists as Mir and Picasso . The technical survey is above all a category of book in which the writer will have closely observed the material discussed . This observation has direct bearing on questions of authenticity , since a detail may be the way that the true can be separated from the false . Later still , the analyst suggests that Fraser may want to offer reparation , by writing this book , for the guilt he had felt in relation to his father , and Fraser asks : For wanting to destroy him so I could have my mother to myself ? Uh - huh . And for wanting , Fraser adds , to destroy her . Is the book , then , a monument to destruction ? The servants , who did much of the living which is commemorated here , and his parents , who did so little of it , are placed well within reach of an impartial sympathy in a work which nowhere feels vindictive , and which declines to settle for any final understanding of what went on . At that moment they are living in a monothematic world limited to one thought : to attain the goal they are fighting for . Everything will be subjugated to that goal Kapuscinski 's way with words entails adding , repeating piling up , for the space of a slim volume . But the and 's and or 's and the more and more rarely irritate , and are triumphant in the great set - pieces which mean so much to all three books like that palimpsest of faces in Addis Ababa . In 1975 , the year after the fall of Haile Selassie , and four years before the fall of the Shah , the witness of revolutions turned up in Angola for the abandonment of their colony by the Portuguese : the subject of the third of these books of his . This is a state which Zuckerman experiences and which he sends up. In the fictional conversation about adverse publicity a good mother meets a son anxious to reassure her , while alive to the comedy of it . As long as you know what you 're doing , she ventures , adding : And as long as you know that it is right . I do and It is , replies Zuckerman . The Facts is the more filial book of the two . The first production The text for the first term 's production will usually be selected for the purpose of getting a new group to work together rather than trying to go for detailed individual performances . The range is obviously very wide , and you may find yourself in a Greek tragedy , or even a modern exercise play such as Games by James Saunders , where the student may add to the text by research material which can be incorporated in the project . Either way , the main intention will be to establish a way of working , and to begin assessing students ' voice and movement abilities . The language of a classical play is challenging but it does give the student chance to see how early voice training can be used with a very demanding text . Catholics , however , did not vote for the Unionist Party. This indicates an acceptance of the state structures , or a recognition of a need for the separation of Northern Ireland from the remaining state structure of Ireland , but at the same time a continuing opposition to protestant loyalist dominance . One can also add that there is something in the present policies of the SDLP which suggest a need to maintain a somewhat fragile unity in respect of the national question . Seamus Mallon , MP of the SDLP may have seen the Hillsborough agreement of 1985 as a step towards a united Ireland , but some of his co - politicians in the party would not share that view . Perhaps one should note the care with which the present leader of the party , John Hume , chooses his words over the future of the North . The rough insiders are on the walls , defending God 's true believers from Romanism and immorality . As Buckley points out , it is also the rough who penetrate the virgin city the British fleet , breaking the boom across the river to bring food supplies to the stricken protestants within and ensuring the city 's survival and the faithful people 's triumph . One can recognize here , with Lvi - Strauss ( 1968 ) , the importance of ambiguous mediators in relating the opposites within one 's cultural universe and one can add the Apprentice Boys to Lvi - Strauss 's shortlist of tricksters and twins in this role . Despite Buckley 's reluctance to play up the siege of Derry as a key myth and his preference for general categories of interpretation derived from various historical experiences , it does seem that the siege has particular significance . Those who still seek compromise with catholic nationalists today are still known to the erudite leadership of the DUP as Lundies . On the other hand , there was the nationalist theory of democracy , which derives power from the people and not from an lite group of religious intellectuals . The next section will show the way in which this contradiction continued to be shared by a large number of clergy and laity even into the 1980s . It should be added here that the high clergy hardly recognized that they had actually been exercising a political religious power of a specifically sectarian or monopolistic type . Hence when Irish clergymen stated that church and state were separate , they meant they themselves had no legislative or executive role in the state . But they did and still do remain the authoritative conscience of the nation . The two Roman catholic priests , who were in all respects dedicated pastors and much liked by many in the local community , immediately opposed the idea , preaching against it at Sunday masses in the local convent and the school hall . The burden of the message was that good catholic parents sent their children to catholic schools . The curate added to this that those promoting the integrated project were in fact promoting secularism . The fact that a prominent member of the current community council and an integrated education supporter was a member of official Sinn Fein , the Workers ' party , appeared to figure in the reasoning , as this party has always been suspected to be an anti - clerical and secularist force . In residents ' association meetings , the clergy 's point of view received vocal support from one or two members of the older village community which preceded the housing estate . Feel it in my hands still , the little livre de poche edn . The great thing is to keep your hands clean . Not add to the pollution . The evasions of someone like Goldberg . The hypocrisies . Not hole . Not magnifying glass , but oculist charts . My unease at having to cut into the glass , at having to add to the glass , he wrote . Yet my sense that that was the place for a transformation of vision . If top panel is without perspective and bottom is nothing but perspective , then is that not the place for a different kind of vision ? Of course all these things are relative , I told him , of course if you take the long perspective there 's never anywhere to move forward to and all advance is illusory , but in the short perspective there comes a point when there is no option except to abandon . You feel you 've failed ? he asked me . He added quickly : Because I do n't , you know . No , I said , I do n't feel that . You 've done what you wanted ? he asked . When fermentation has finished the green beer is run into conditioning tanks for a few days. The remaining yeast continues to turn the residual sugars into alcohol and also helps to purge the beer of the rough after - tastes created by fermentation . Some brewers add extra sugar at this stage to encourage the continuing fermentation . Caramel is sometimes added to give darker colouring to the finished beer . Finings , a glutinous substance made from the bladder of the sturgeon , is added either at the conditioning stage or when the beer is in cask to fine or clear the beer . Some brewers add extra sugar at this stage to encourage the continuing fermentation . Caramel is sometimes added to give darker colouring to the finished beer . Finings , a glutinous substance made from the bladder of the sturgeon , is added either at the conditioning stage or when the beer is in cask to fine or clear the beer . The finings attract yeast and other particles and begin to drag them to the bottom of the tank . Now the beer is ready for the final stage in the brewery before it leaves for the pub cellar . The cost of the call via BT would have been 29.25 at the cheap rate after 8pm , BT confirmed . Academy assistant manager Mette Doessing promised to look into Mr Doblin 's case , but said the hotel received few complaints about telephone charges . She added that all rooms contained details about the charges in an information directory . The ETB has been critical of hotel telephone call charges for many years . It now requires all Crown scheme participants to display charges beside telephones . Within those two broad areas are multiple variations . Stainless steel cutlery is a mix of steel ( itself a substance of variable quality ) , chromium and nickel . The chromium and nickel are added to give shine and prevent rusting . The amount of chromium and nickel added is indicated with a number , which should be part of the description of cutlery in any sales literature . Sometimes it is stamped on the piece . They eventually reach her via the markets in Liverpool . A starter of courgette and wild mushroom flan is made by cooking potatoes , leeks and courgettes until soft and then squeezing the puree dry . She adds eggs , cream , or a little crme fraiche , and wild mushrooms cooked with shallots . The mix is baked for 20 minutes in moulds and served with a vegetable cream sauce , lentils , and sauted mushrooms . She sometimes puts slices of smoked guinea fowl around the edge to give added texture . It could have been switched around by anyone , hoping to lay the blame elsewhere . Or it could have been brought in and substituted . Or even added to others already there . She looked over at the long table . The six cakes sat there , apparently innocent and , oddly enough , still appetizing . I smiled . I 'll maybe see you on the circuit then , I said . I hope things go well for all of you , I added ( with uncharacteristic generosity ) , and thank you for the present . I shall enjoy it . The little ceremony was over . I 'm glad she had the presence of mind to help you . Are you about to retire or something ? I still ca n't quite work out how this all adds up. No , I 'm still looking for work . I 'm sixty next year but I 'd like to carry on for as long as possible . No , not really . Oh . I paused for a moment , then added : Why did you come , then ? I had to . I 'm supposed to be an usher or an usherette in my case , I suppose . Planting now will give them a damp season to get the roots established before next spring . Dig over , remove weeds and add manure to prepare new borders for planting . More miniatures Now is the time to start taking cuttings of miniature roses . Propagate lily bulbs from healthy scales . Place them on a sandy layer over seed compost in trays , adding more sand to cover all but the tips . Stand the tray in gentle warmth and keep the compost moist . These make cultivation slightly easier as with drainage holes , there is less risk of overwatering . A special diet If your container has no drainage holes , it is essential to plant in bulb fibre , which is a compost of peat or a peat substitute with crushed oyster shell and charcoal added to keep the compost sweet . However , if drainage is provided , a standard potting compost may be used instead . Flowers will look at their best if bulbs are placed close together in the bowl , but they must not touch each other. They conserve nutrients , especially nitrogen , by taking them up in autumn and releasing them in spring . This prevents nitrates being washed out of the soil in winter . When the manures rot down they add organic matter to the soil , which turns into humus . This is not only a source of plant foods , but also encourages earthworm activity . The two together make poor , dry soil more moisture - retentive , and improve the drainage in heavy soils . In the soil they aerate , they cultivate and they fertilise and in captivity they 'll turn your rubbish into gold dust . I bet Meryl ca n't manage that ! Worm casts make excellent additives to composts , not only improving the structure of the medium but adding nutrients and growth - promoting hormones too . And you can manufacture bucketfuls of this marvellous stuff from nothing more than kitchen waste . You 'd have to be daft not to want to give it a go . This keeps the material inside reasonably dry and sweet and also provides a liquid fertiliser that can be drawn off regularly via a tap at the bottom . The kit arrives complete with worms , a pack of starter compost to get the process going , calcified seaweed to keep the compost sweet and non - acidic ; there 's even a ready - torn supply of strips of newspaper to go in the bottom . All you do is put in the starter compost and the newspaper , add the worms and put some kitchen waste on top . This is gently mixed up with the compost and the worms get to work . At they munch their way through , you progressively add waste until the bin 's full . All you do is put in the starter compost and the newspaper , add the worms and put some kitchen waste on top . This is gently mixed up with the compost and the worms get to work . At they munch their way through , you progressively add waste until the bin 's full . Then you remove the top layer , which will contain all the worms . This is set on one side to start again after emptying out your reward , the valuable compost . It 's a tedious job , but well worth the effort for blemish - free fruits . Growers in Holland have added two more popular plants to the list of species which can cause allergies in gardeners . They report cases of contact dermatitis after handling hydrangeas and alstroemerias . The problem seems to affect people sensitive to primulas . Castlewellan Gold , a Leyland cypress type Dwarf box makes traditional edging Flowering quince will add colour Griswlinia will tolerate salt - laden winds Yew foliage and fruits are attractive , but poisonous Not unnaturally one consequence of this reductionism is that action and pragmatism take on an extra dimension in the police mind , holding a special place in the institutional imagination . While any analytic appraisal or reflexivity on this rationale is never given much credibility in the structures of significance . Anthropological analysis of these beliefs , I believe , should add a crucial semantic dimension to compliment the many non - qualitative enquiries into policing now in progress . For example , the Police Foundation is only one of the bodies publishing indices of current research on the police . Their 1986/7 register of police research ( Bird 1987 ) contains over 200 pages of police - related projects , yet only one item in the index specifically relates to police culture . A heavy contact to the opponent 's face may not merit just a verbal warning ; after consultation with the other members of the panel , the referee can go directly to a full point penalty or even a disqualification . In some cases the disqualification is not only from a particular event within a tournament , but from the whole tournament . The second thing to note is that each offence carries its own scale of penalties , and penalties for one offence are not added on to penalties imposed for a different offence . Thus if I incur a verbal warning for stepping out of the area , I do n't then expect to receive a half - point penalty for a slight contravention of another rule. You will not be penalised if you are propelled from the area ! Don't twist the foot too far because although this engages the hip , it also turns your centre - line too far away from the opponent . Thrust your lower foot out with an active push , rather than the passive snap used in some styles . Note that the knee drops as the foot drives out , adding to the thrusting action . ( c ) The knee drops slightly as the foot digs in to the opponent 's midsection For a powerful kick you have to move your centre of gravity forwards , and this inevitably forces you to drop the spent kicking foot close to the opponent , where it can then be hooked or swept . The opponent sees the opening and moves forwards to sweep or punch you . You could then lean back and pick up the front foot , thrusting it straight into the opponent 's solar plexus . The recoil gives you added stability , but you must take care that it does n't thrust you backwards and off balance . Bag work is essential to learn how to cope with the often heavy recoil effect produced by this kick . ( b ) then thrust your foot out in a straight line Sir John Cameron sounded appalled is there any God but one ? Swear as you usually do . Now , Robertson , add this : of our own free will and accord as we shall answer to God . That is very fine . I think we have it now . The crowd was gradually thinning . The papers , covered with crosses and signatures , were passing back to the organizers . Within an hour Allan , Donald the smith , and the Logan brothers had set off down the strath to Weem with the petitions in a leather wallet , to add to the already thick bunch in James 's strong - box , and Cameron and James had got horses from a sympathizer in the village and rode off towards the narrow glen of Keltney . Among its tortuous water - courses , its hidden back - glens and caves and dark deformed woods choked with fallen trees knee - deep in moss , there might be refuges for a hundred listed men , if the worst happened . And word of the meeting at Fortingall must be spread . And what more propitious names for the devout and hopeful parents than those of the chief servant of the father of the People and the great rebuilder of Jerusalem ! But what more daunting burden for a young man , in addition to the prestigious and ancient name of Cohen itself . We can be very sure that the story - telling with which Leonard grew up from grandparents , parents and Hebrew teachers never failed to emphasise this aspect of his heritage ; never failed to add to his sense of duty and destiny . Leonard 's circumcision took place , in accordance with Jewish law , on the morning of the eighth day after his birth ; several prayers of blessings being recited before the actual ceremony , at which Nathan his father offered the solemn prayer : Blessed art Thou , O Lord our God , King of the Universe , who hast sanctified us with Thy commandments , and hast commanded us to make our sons enter into the covenant of Abraham our Father . So , despite the loss of the temple , and its intricate system of worship and sacrifice , the hereditary priesthood had a role a role which expanded , in fact , as the People themselves were thrust out into the world . Enter into the world , therefore , the newest member of this exalted family : Leonard the priest , whose early years were shadowed albeit not too solemnly with a high sense of Tradition , and of the divine plan and ordering , even divine mission . There is a fascinating folk - tale about a child 's pre - birth experience which adds weight to this , though it is not reserved to the Kohanim . It is said that prior to birth the angels instruct the child in full knowledge of life and the universe . At the time of birth , however , an angel strikes its upper lip , so causing it to forget everything that it has seen and learned . By this time she had been away from her native Russia scarcely a dozen years . Little wonder that they were so fresh in her mind ; creating a very powerful effect on his mind and unconscious , musically and rhythmically , that would remain with him for life . Later the legends and stories with which she had grown up would be added to them stories of astonishing miracles and heroic adventures , by which she and her father , Solomon Klinitsky - Klein whose influence on Leonard should not be overlooked fired his imagination and stimulated his ideas . ( Heroes are an important motif in his work . ) It was a childhood rich in the family traditions of Judaism , one that was made to feel all the more in need of protection , thanks to the brutality against them and their people in Europe . Other aspects of his answers are equally interesting : he admits to not having won any prizes or scholarships , having apparently settled for doing what was required that , and no more ! He mentions his presidency of the Student Council , and his chairmanship of Student Productions ; as well as an interest in debating current events . He declined to add anything in the column for Other personal information . He also gave his mother 's new name , as she had recently remarried . ( To both Leonard 's and his mother 's regret , sadly ; another of those alienating - reconciling events which seem to have been characteristic of this family . ) He recalled that Ian Duthie , a graduate of Edinburgh University , - was one of his tutors in English 101 ( a compulsory subject ) , who provided interesting connections with his father 's accent and the general Scottishness of Westmount . Behind the indecision lay a youth torn in one direction by the family business , not least perhaps his father 's shadow hanging over him ; and the preferences of his mind and ever prolific imagination in the other. Accordingly , he read arts in his first year ; commerce ( which included accounting , commercial law , political science and a couple of doses of mathematics ) in his second ; arts ( though strangely retaining political science ) for his third and fourth years , to which was added zoology . The choices are both a reflection of his inner confusion , and a statement of his determination to let his curiosity run wherever it would - and that long before mixed courses were popular . The results confirm that he could have done very much better , but his mind was partly elsewhere , ever active , ever engaged , ever busy . It lay along the lines of Layton 's understanding of the poetic function which exists somewhere between fact and imagination , as Eli Mandel said of him. Not pure fact , not meretricious research , which observes and tames the insightful - prophetic thrust ; not mere imagination or mental excitement but the fruitful intercourse between the two , in an artistic equilibrium . Leonard could be fastidious to the nth degree in completing his own work he has always said that he works one word at a time , and can spend months , even years , in adding finesse to it ; he is nevertheless dismissive of anything approaching scholarly exactitude , still more so pedantry . It is not clear where this comes from . There is certainly an element which highly values the proprieties of artistic freedom : a work of art must be a work of free spirit , untrammelled by rules and regulations , wherein absolute consistency or conformity of any sort is out of place . It was this work , along with the subsequent brilliance of his public performances , that created his reputation as Canada 's leading young poet : His virtues are his own , and they are considerable at his best he expresses himself , sometimes whimsically , sometimes passionately , in speech which is beyond the capacity of mere formula to produce , commented Allan Donaldson at the time . Mr Cohen knows how to turn a phrase , his poems at their best have a clean , uncluttered line , and he writes about something , said Milton Wilson . Easily the most promising , judged Pacey , in 1961 ; and George Woodcock added that Leonard was one who could write lines which are no longer good imitation Yeats ; they are lines which only Yeats could have imitated . A fresh and exciting talent a brilliant beginning , commented the anonymous reviewer in the Queen 's Quarterly . All of this he offered in a variety of poetic forms , from the traditional quatrain to the more controversial prose - poem Friends . It was a consciousness of joy and pain , of celebration and concern , of thinking and feeling , of hope and despair . Through it all the words dance like butterflies and dart like wasps . Sandra Djwa argues that its lost ideals are reworked as a Neo - Hasidic myth , and comments that the poet as priest is forced beyond Genesis ( sic ) ; elsewhere she adds a description of Leonard as the exiled poet priest of The Spice - Box Of Earth . Commented Al Purdy , with ( this book ) Cohen brought to near perfection the techniques and rhythms of his first book ; Eli Mandel one of Canada 's most astute critics speaks of it as a kind of gloss to the Sabbath service , noting its rich diversity in subject and tone , and emphasising that it is not a random collection of lyrics . It is unified , powerfully , by recurrent patterns and an informing theme . For such , God only frowns on the world , and stirs it to judgment ; the butterfly cannot break loose into flight ; it merely expires , as Leonard expressed it , ending its life in three flag - swept days. It was hard for Satan alone to mislead the whole world , declared the grandson of the BeSHT , Nachman of Bratislava , in one of his more caustic diatribes , so he appointed rabbis in different locations . And not only rabbis , one might add , but priests and nuns , monks , ministers and bishops ! The BeSHT became so influential that the leaders of the people , the power - manipulators and self - appointed guardians of the Law , had no alternative but to do what their like has always done to those who broke loose , butterfly - like : They excommunicated him ; marginalised his usefulness ; neutered his religious potency : A prophet is not without honour Now one of the interesting cameos of God 's providence , prominently found in the Talmud and among the Hasidim , is the idea that in every generation are 36 tsadihim , pious or righteous men , who ( though unknown ) keep the world going . I am most impressed . None of the competitors have the same level of professional expertise . Purdy added , Touch of showmanship about your presentation , too . I like to see that . Roy concluded , Need to have it ratified by the Board . Sara fastened her bra and pulled on her shirt . Rodney sat on the bed . And , he added , you 're part of the shopping expedition tomorrow morning . Sara went to bed immediately after dinner . She set the alarm . Hamadi Jebali was charged with defamation of a judicial institution under the Tunisian Press Code , under which prior authorization by the Ministry of Interior is required to publish any newspaper or periodical . The Press Code further requires that the first printed copy of each issue be submitted to the Ministry of Interior which can then intervene to stop distribution . The issue of Al - Fajr in which the article appeared was apparently approved by the Ministry of Interior . However , the Ministry of Defence decided to prosecute Hamadi Jebali . The Tunisian authorities ordered the newspaper Al - Fajr to close until further notice on 8 February 1991 . CAMEROON Olivier Nwaha Binya'a : a Jehovah 's Witness , he has been detained without charge or trial since May 2984 because of his religious beliefs . Olivier Nwaha Binya'a appears to be held in indefinite administrative detention without any opportunity to challenge his imprisonment . A 1970 presidential decree banning the movement was apparently prompted by the mass abstention by Jehovah 's Witnesses from voting in a presidential election . Since 1970 hundreds of Jehovah 's Witnesses have been detained without charge or trial for up to five years . Drugs , poverty and the availability of hand guns all play their part . But rather than address these basic problems , politicians look for the quick fix anything that sounds good in a sound - bite will do . Unfortunately , increased use of the death penalty appears to be the most popular solution . The definition of capital murder which carries the death penalty varies from state to state : in Alabama , a capital murder is one that occurs during the course of a robbery , or where the victim is kidnapped or raped ; or , where the perpetrator is on parole or has escaped from custody ; or where the crime is particularly cruel . In practice , however , issues such as the colour and social standing of the victim will also play a major part . The Sri Lankan government has moved to try to counter the criticisms of its human rights record . In November , a Presidential Task Force on human rights was set up , consisting of senior figures close to President Premadasa . Its main function , however , appears to be to present a better image of Sri Lanka to the outside world . More promising was the inauguration in January 1991 of a Commission of Enquiry into new cases of disappearance . This Commission consists of five senior members of the judiciary and legal profession . According to this American guide , Art criticism is a many - levelled activity that comprises the historical , the recreative , and the judicial . In all cases it seeks to pronounce value judgements , an exercise shunned by art history . The signs are that the next few years will see some extensive soul - searching about art history ; several books have already appeared . From Germany there is The End of the History of Art ; from Britain a group of essays describe The New Art History ; from the United States has recently come Rethinking Art History : meditations on a coy science ; and from Canada there is a forthright title Art History : its use and abuse . Art criticism seems more likely to remain in the shadows , out of the spotlight of academic controversy . This was difficult to understand for impassioned artists who saw Surrealism and Abstraction as struggling for the soul of modern art . Read 's account of the work of Paul Klee is characteristic . He judged that it would be difficult to persuade readers of the artistry of Klee 's art , which appeared similar to children 's drawings , so he stressed the work 's imaginative content . This passage was written , incidentally , at a time when he was not well informed about Klee 's own ideas . It stands as a sympathetic appraisal by a critic who is trusting largely to his own intuitive sense of quality : Art histories often make an attempt to keep to chronology , although the difficulties include the crucial fact that in art there is no clear sequence of events . Unlike old - fashioned narrative history , art has no decisive battles , no international treaties , and no changes of government . This is perhaps a more useful analogy than might at first sight appear . Newer approaches to history can give accounts which do not have landmark events and which tell us about different aspects of the past , such as social conditions . Deciding where is the beginning can be a trouble for an art historian . The Story of Art highlights change and development , sadly at the expense of art which is less varied , of however high a quality . In other words , stylistic change is at a premium ; in Gombrich 's book the dramatic innovations of Caravaggio do well , but a distinguished painter , say Bonnard , who is not so bold or challenging an artist was omitted until additions were made to the text in 1971 . As for a varied painter , only one work is likely to appear in a survey . The imperative for a writer of a chronological survey is that a defined period of time is covered ; this may be linked with a theme , such as the history of styles in Gombrich 's case , but it is unlikely to be linked solely with a spotlight on quality . Excellence is not necessarily a criterion for including a picture or a sculpture in a chronological survey . The art critic is thus bound to consider with care what standards of comparison should be used . In the late twentieth century artists working in performance pose difficulties for the critic , though some observers find it refreshing rather than troublesome to consider work beyond the easel picture and the individual sculpture . In sum , then , the monograph is a major site for art critical writing , and , moreover , the place where the most extended criticism is likely to appear . The reader may be disappointed by the standard of what is written , but unlike other sites of criticism , this cannot be attributed to the form of publication , only to the limitations of the author . In a monograph , the author has the best chance of a free hand . Is this a king who is the shepherd of his people ? Or a priest of some unknown religion who strides towards us , implacably set on some atavistic rite ? In the drawings the lamb appears to have bound feet , and the purport of the piece is surely more to do with sacrifice than deliverance . Some art criticism in a catalogue may be included so as to document the history of taste . For example , in The Shock of Recognition John Constable 's love for the work of van Ruisdael is highlit . Old - fashioned amateurs used to admire colours with a golden glow , which conservators have demonstrated were the effect of discoloured varnish . The shape of a picture may have been altered , and the museum , though not a stray visitor , will know the fact . In short the pictures in an art museum have been closely monitored , often through decades and in a few cases for centuries , so full descriptions that appear in the catalogues have a thorough - paced authority . It is also through observation that fakes are unmasked . Some have been living for a disconcertingly long time in museums ; but once doubted , the evidence of inadequacy in a fake is quite often soon in coming . A solo exhibition can vary in scope from the minimum , that is to say a show of recent work , through a more extended selection to the apogee of a retrospective exhibition . We have already looked at writing in catalogues , and can now turn our attention to the critical responses which appear in articles . The scope or character of a piece of criticism is naturally related to the magazine or newspaper in which it appears , as we noticed in the case of Dore Ashton 's dismissal from the New York Times because it was asserted that her work could not be understood by the paper 's readers . The first rule for a reader of articles is thus to find a sympathetic publication . Some trial and error should eliminate the laziest papers , whose critics do no more than pillage catalogue introductions , or even press releases . The reader 's criteria for judging articles will vary accordingly . Art politics can prove a rewarding topic for a journalist . Tom Wolfe 's book The Painted Word is a witty example of the genre ; it originally appeared in Harper 's Magazine , before being made into a book in 1975 . There are good satirical illustrations by the author , paralleled by a text which makes fun of American criticism , Abstract Expressionism and Pop Art . Wolfe puts his argument as follows : What I saw before me was the critic - in - chief of the New York Times saying : In looking at a painting today , to lack a persuasive theory is to lack something crucial . One aspect of illusion is perspective , much valued in the Western tradition . Three sorts of perspective are identified by Leonardo da Vinci in his treatise on painting , as follows : The first deals with the reasons of the ( apparent ) diminution of objects as they recede from the eye , and is known as Perspective of Diminution : the second contains the way colours vary as they recede from the eye : the third and last explains how objects should appear less distinct in proportion as they are more remote . And the names are as follows : Linear perspective , the perspective of colour , the perspective of disappearance . The Renaissance became enamoured of perspective , indeed Vasari thought that Paolo Uccello took it too seriously . Yet such a comment may need to be made , nevertheless , to point out the quality of a picture . The critic who pays little notice to perspective or other means of representing the natural world will deprive a reader of help in enjoying the exceptional beauty of the natural appearance of Impressionist pictures , whose qualities are inspired by scientific understanding of light and its effects . In a different sort of context , what appears to be an abstract design , devoid of reference to the natural world , may in fact be a stylisation of a person , an animal or an imagined figure . The totems of American Indians , the carvings of Inouk , ancient bronze ritual vessels from China , and many more examples can be found through the world and the centuries . Most African sculpture is not in this category , as characteristically the masks and ritual objects of Africa are more evidently human or animal in appearance . Most African sculpture is not in this category , as characteristically the masks and ritual objects of Africa are more evidently human or animal in appearance . Care has to be taken by a critic in any of these cases to describe works as definitely as possible . A totem , for example , can be described first as it appears , then as an object which has stylised figures in the sculpture . A further example of abstract form which is not mere pattern is Tantric art . A Tantric painting or drawing has a spiritual purpose , to assist the user in meditation . The gangs exist as intimations of a power which cancels Ahmed 's claim to be a revolutionary leader . That power is located in the slums , in the kinship and solidarity which prevail there , in sanctions which welfare workers will not be able to comprehend . The angle from which the riots are studied makes them appear distant and unimportant , while also worrying . The same angle was conspicuous in the title story of Naipaul 's previous book , In a Free State , where a coup in a new African country was studied , as it were , out of the corner of an eye ; and it also occurs elsewhere in his work . On these occasions the eye discerns a kind of visibility in an area of darkness : this , in fact , is the title of the book which records Naipaul 's experience of India . Hawksmoor , which came out in 1985 , was preceded by the Eliot biography of 1984 , which was preceded by The Last Testament of Oscar Wilde of the year before , and in 1987 these annual events were pressed upon by Chatterton . All four books reveal a steady concern with imitation and interpretation , and to read them together is to be clearer about what it is that the writer intends us to think that he thinks about things . He would appear to believe in an invented truth , an invented reality a Rortyan reality , one might be inclined to call it at times . He believes that a writer will often find himself through exposure to some other writer . And it is apparent that Ackroyd has found himself in this manner through exposure to Wilde , Eliot , and now Chatterton . Away ! They were off on their seventeen years of Tristan and Isolde . Justin , who would appear to have lost some of his old charisma , became the straight man of the act always mending things . They lived frugally but in style . They rented a flat in Rome and built a house in Greece . This is a knowledge which has been impugned in literature , and which has deteriorated there . The books I am speaking of are , among others , books which pursue the idea of an escape from personality and from society , and in which personality and society are seen as in Zuckerman 's letter to Maria to be aspects of a single threat . Roth 's turn towards fact admittedly , an imagined and far from indisputable fact will appear to some to signal a turn towards the self and towards the outside world . Such a reading could well be found to have attributed too much to a recoil , a respite , a provisional position . He is unlikely to have lost his distrust of the self ; and he is likely ( and welcome ) to resume his furious fictions . The article leads you to wonder about her religious faith , if she has one , and about where it stands in relation to the outlook of the editor of Commentary , author of a book about his ambitions for worldly success : Making it must be the least pious book that has ever been written . The stress on Levi 's insensitivity to religion is allowed to suggest that all Jews are religious , and there are readers for whom this might signal the corollary that all Jews are Zionists , and are likely to be supporters of Israeli government policy . By these standards , Levi would appear to be an imperfect Jew , and this could well be an opinion that underlies the talk about his later books being not nearly as good as his earlier ones . Here is an assimilated Jew , a Diaspora Jew , unsound on Zion . Among the principal references to Israel in Levi 's writings is one which is , from a Zionist point of view , tin - eared . Meanwhile Fernanda Eberstadt has been practising as an expert on captivity and escape , and on the beliefs established for later generations by the children of Israel . She has written in the same magazine ( June 1987 ) on the Book of Exodus , warning that a reading of the Bible as literature , rather than as sacred text , cannot lift heavenward . In the article on his work which appeared in 1985 Levi is at one point examined with reference to Leviticus . She takes exception to a story of his about a Jewish Communist , an inhabitant of the camps , who fasts there on Yom Kippur . She observes that the prisoner is following a prohibition laid down in the Old Testament , but that a rabbinical ruling had allowed Jews to eat in the camps on Yom Kippur in order to stay alive . THE DOMINANT BELIEFS OF THE TWO ALLIANCES As we examine the dominant beliefs of the two alliances , it must be stressed that we are not looking at beliefs possessed by each and every person who identifies to a greater or lesser extent with either set of traditions . Rather we are looking at those beliefs , supported by significant power bases within each bloc , which have won out in the political process in the past seventy years and still appear to be doing so , in some cases with much decreased vitality . The dominant beliefs of the catholic nationalist bloc still are that the group forms a people who are Gaelic - Irish , constitute a nation , are republican , and populate an island which has a natural , inner political unity . We reiterate : the dominant beliefs of the alliances which we have termed historical blocs are not necessarily shared by all but are promoted successfully by dominant groups and have some grounding in the consciousness of the wider membership . The prevailing protestant loyalist beliefs stress the existence of the people of Northern Ireland , who are distinguished by their Ulster protestantism and democratic values , and by their claim to a flexible territory of Ulster . Despite some socialist groups within the alliance , the dominant economic belief is capitalist . A further central belief has recently begun to appear as equivocal , namely loyalism itself . Related to this is the final principal belief element , the conviction of the legitimacy of force in maintaining the subordination of catholic nationalists within the statelet . A fuller account of these two groups of dominant beliefs benefits from some comparison between the two . Indeed , until the ecumenical era of the 1960s , few catholics in Ireland were prepared to put before themselves some of the political religious issues which would have to be resolved if a united Ireland or accommodation to a separate political entity in Ulster were to become a possibility . The other alliance in Ireland , the protestant loyalist , does not thus far perceive itself as a nation . The view that they are one appears mainly in the writings of the British and Irish Communist Organization ( 1972 ; 1973 ) . However , there can be little doubt that significant numbers of protestant loyalists see themselves as a distinct , almost ethnic group . Clearly , they can be seen to have a particular self - concept , a sense of what Weber termed social honour ( Wallis , Bruce , and Taylor 1986 ) . From within this perspective bishops and clergy lay down rules for the laity to follow in any given situation and the teaching of the church is seen as absolutely clear and devoid of problematic . Rules are enforced rather than principles declared . In terms of the Irish catholic nationalist context today , pietism and authoritarianism have tended to structure the religion of the people to a significant extent , though the numbers subscribing to its world view appear to be declining . The clergy are seen as above criticism in their religious statements , and such criticism can cause considerable distress to many people . In his analysis of the popular culture which appeared among the promoters of the Pro - Life Campaign , set up to achieve a constitutional ban on abortion in the Republic in 1983 , O'Carroll pin - points certain characteristics , which can be abbreviated here : a monolithic and absolute view of the world , with its accompanying intolerance , derived in part from the direct consultation of clerics and politicians on public moral issues and the subsequent failure to develop an ethos of public debate ; a localized belief system , rooted in family and communal authority and issuing in a spirit of absolute conformity ; sexual prudery , a product partly of the inheritance problem ; and the development of acute anxiety when such beliefs inhering partly as they do in their practice and shaping of society are threatened . In fairness to de Valera , it must be said that he opposed any attempt to incorporate the church into the apparatus of the state and in this was , as already noted , going against the form of relationship preferred by the Popes of the day . But his attitude was by now part of the common sense of clergy and people alike . There appeared to be no reason to upset long - established routines in this respect . But that did not mean that the ethos of a Roman catholic state would be in any way diminished , only that the form of political religious power would be different . An important aspect of the successful implementation of these parts of the constitution was that the political opposition did not object to them . The change in the socio - moral context was hardly recognized , and the corresponding change in religious social ethics had remained unformulated . In the case of the Mother and Child scheme , it was rather through withdrawal from the scene that first the politicians and later the churchmen avoided further trouble . As will be elaborated now in further contexts , it appears that the underlying reality to such difficulties was , and remains a complex contradiction which the catholic nationalist alliance has still failed to solve . On the one hand there were the beliefs in the nature and extent of the clergy 's political religious power and how that power was to be exercised in the state . There was also the general assumption that the fact of a state populated by catholics must perforce imply a heightened degree of institutionalized catholic value in law. The Roman catholic bishops supported the wording of the referendum and , as the referendum approached , said it was legitimate to oppose the amendment even if one was against abortion , which was in any case still immoral and was the direct taking of an innocent life ( Irish Bishops ' Conference statement , quoted O'Carroll 1983 ) . However , on the eve of the referendum , the majority of priests preached against abortion . The nexus appears to have been made for a sufficient number of the laity , as those who eventually voted in the referendum voted in favour of inscribing an appropriate anti - abortion clause in the constitution . Article 40 , paragraph 3 , section 3 , now reads : The State acknowledges the right to life of the unborn and , with due regard to the equal right of life of the mother , guarantees in its laws to respect , and , as far as practicable , by its laws , defend and vindicate that right . ( Methodist Church in Ireland 1983 : 48 ) The position taken by the protestant churches , and the newspaper articles and television debates which preceded the referendum appear to have affected public opinion . Caught between the preaching of the Roman catholic clergy and appeals from protestants and liberal Roman catholics including Dr FitzGerald not to constitutionalize the issue , it would appear that many voters simply stayed away rather than vote against the proposal . As mentioned , it was already forbidden by law to procure an abortion . Its constitutionalization is a direct result , not of this already widespread opinion , but of Roman catholic pressure of the monopoly type . He also continued to affirm that the introduction of divorce would make it more difficult for people to lead good moral lives . Divorce has this effect because it suggests that remarriage in the lifetime of one 's first partner is socially and even morally acceptable ' ( Irish Times , 6 June 1986 ; also 31 May 1986 ; 14 June 1986 ) . This same interpretation appeared in the Irish bishops ' next statement in mid - June. Voters had to decide in conscience whether other factors outweigh the damage which divorce would certainly cause to individuals , to families , to children and to the whole of society ( Irish Times , 13 June 1986 ) . The bishops claimed , however , they were making it clear that people could in conscience vote for the introduction of divorce without incurring moral blame provided they made the decision in a reflective and conscientious way . Colm said No. ( Irish Times , 17 May 1986 ) Protestant churches were not unaffected by the spirit in which the campaign often appeared to be conducted . Some members of the anti - abortion lobby had apparently been indicating the weak moral stance of protestants on the issue . The Church of Ireland appears to have had this in mind when it invited the well - known English Roman catholic marriage consultant , Dr Jack Dominian , to provide a report on divorce for the Church of Ireland General Synod . It draws its membership from across the spectrum of religious and non - religious groupings , though they are generally middle - class and mostly committed Christians . They remain dedicated to the task of setting up a group of integrated schools as a sector of education complementary to the existing system . An appeal made to Rome in 1977 by the Roman catholic parents concerned with the Confirmation ban appeared to have been answered in their favour , as Bishop Philbin changed his pastoral policy and these children were allowed to go forward for confirmation in 19789 . A notable achievement of ACT has been the passing of the Education ( Northern Ireland ) Act of 1978 , permitting the establishment of multi - denominational schools where such is desired by adequate numbers of parents . The Act is an enabling one and does not affect the existing system unless the leadership of the churches wish to co - operate in a reshaping of the system or of schools in any particular area . The burden of the message was that good catholic parents sent their children to catholic schools . The curate added to this that those promoting the integrated project were in fact promoting secularism . The fact that a prominent member of the current community council and an integrated education supporter was a member of official Sinn Fein , the Workers ' party , appeared to figure in the reasoning , as this party has always been suspected to be an anti - clerical and secularist force . In residents ' association meetings , the clergy 's point of view received vocal support from one or two members of the older village community which preceded the housing estate . The total of those favouring denominational schooling in the initial survey was less than one - third . Hidden by her handmaids she is seen to blush , then turns to Actaeon and throws water in his face to blind him , to stop him seeing her naked , but that is not enough and she knows it is not enough , and soon he feels the horns growing on his forehead , dat sparso capiti vivacis cornus cervis , she caused to grow on his head the horns of the long - lived stag , as if the cost of seeing her naked had to be death , first metamorphosis then death . The question is , wrote Harsnet ( typed Goldberg ) , does she entice him there or does he want to come ? Does she entice him or does he appear by chance ? Ovid refuses to answer , he wrote . For he says , while Titania is bathing there in her accustomed pool , lo ! For this reason , purchasing from brochures or purchasing from a system demonstration on - site is simply inadequate . In - depth evaluation of suppliers , their premises and personnel structures is vitally important . Potentially the customer holds the strong cards at this stage of the discussion : the hotelier or restaurateur knows what his business problems are and knows what the computer system is going to have to achieve and the potential buyer , who has thought this through before the supplier appears , is more likely to end up with the right system . Also part of the package , and defined more by the supplier , will be the equally important staff and management training , and on - going support for the hardware and software . The training should be done by the system supplier , with no reliance on outside agents . PAULA GOSLING Colonel Feather 's card tricks were not going well . Peggy Mitchell , seated at the rear of the Variety Tent , sighed in sympathy as , one after another , the right card failed to appear from or disappear into the deck . Colonel Feather 's face was getting red , and he was beginning to perspire . The small audience had begun to fidget on their rickety folded chairs . I 've got a lovely mirror . It 's much better than downstairs . Annabel appeared too , tugging that awful Kezia by the hand . See my room too ! she squealed . I 've got a camel . She forced me back into the hall , where I was bound to run into Father . There was nothing for it : I would have to run away . I had nearly got to the front door when Father appeared at the top of the stairs . Andrew ! he shouted in that horrible voice which means you 're supposed to do what he says instantly . But I opened the door and bumped into one of the German secret policemen who was smoking on the top step . In the event the persons who wanted to talk to Henry Tyler went to the Foreign Office to see him where they found his rank to be rather higher than that of errand - boy . In fact he had his own office and a considerably larger area of carpet than anyone in Berebury suspected . The two policemen who were shown into his room did not appear to be daunted by this . Detective Inspector Milsom , said the senior of the pair , and my assistant , Detective Constable Bewman . This noticeboard had already played a significant part in my life : nearly thirty years before then it had displayed the result of my own first degree ( second - class honours ) ; a few years later had come the perfunctory notice saying my doctoral thesis had been accepted by the college ; and shortly after that an even briefer note to the effect that I had joined the teaching staff . Then , for a quarter of a century , I displayed notices there myself : announcing seminars or little trips to galleries , requesting the return of books and so on . At the start of every summer term for goodness knows how long , my name had appeared five times on the new lecture list . The first - years , after a first term filled with the medieval period and a second with the Renaissance , were now going to learn about the Baroque . The titles of my lectures had not changed since the early sixties : Bernini , Borromini , Carlo Fontana , Sculpture I and Sculpture II . You 're going behind my back again . It 's got so bad that I do n't even know what to say . Charles appeared somewhat embarrassed by his own behaviour . The hidden speech was coming , I could tell . He moved the pen lying on the blotter in front of him slightly to one side . I felt sick . I felt the courage draining out of me . Mrs Long appeared . Could you come down and see me in my office , please , Dorothy ? Sure . When I arrived at the counter I asked for Katrina . The person on duty disappeared out the back and I went to sit in the same seat where I had sat the night before . It was n't Katrina who next appeared , it was a slight woman of about my own age , Kathleen . She stood for a moment on the other side of the room , sizing me up ( and me sizing her up ) , and then she came over to speak to me . Hello , you must be Dorothy . They had become my friends and there was no way that I would now go back to being their problem dependant . I wandered back north towards the church . My plan was to sit around and wait for one of the parish team to appear and then to ask them for their advice . Accordingly , when I arrived there , I settled down in a pew at the back and nodded off . After a while , I was woken by the noise of preparations something happening . I had n't . The subject of a flat in Harwich had of course never been raised again . Both Jenny and Kathleen were up to various things and I 'd been having a go myself , but although my name was appearing on more and more waiting lists , nothing substantial seemed to be happening . There was one bright spot , however . Because I 'd passed the magical sixty years of age mark , I was now officially an old - age pensioner and that apparently made me technically vulnerable under the provisions of the Homeless Persons Act . I woke to the sound of torrential rain . Eventually it stopped . At about 1.40pm cars started to appear and people were seen walking up the road . The garden became like an ants ' nest as snaking rows of people clambered up our hillside . At 2.45 the car park started overflowing into neighbours ' drives . With reference to the article in June on breaking dormancy in sweet peas : experiments conducted over a period of several years at New College , Pontefract certainly seem to bear out Anne Swithinbank 's remarks . There does indeed seem to be little advantage in damaging the coat of modern varieties of sweet peas . However , it has also been observed that those with wrinkled testa ( coats ) appear to be slower to germinate and may well benefit from piercing , scratching or abrasion . I hope this may of interest to other gardeners . Martin V Dawson , Pontefract , W Yorks You can improve soil structure and drainage by incorporating organic material such as compost , and make soil more porous by digging in grit or bonfire ash . Cracking in dry weather can be prevented by mulching and ensuring there is a good ground cover . However , if cracks do appear , you should try brushing a mixture of peat or compost and coarse sand into them . Cautions The higher the clay content , the more sticky the soil and the more care you must take . It has another virtue too in shade tolerance , providing the soil beneath is deep and cool . Spectacular spread The broad branching heads of large , ragged yellow daisies appear over a long period during summer ; a large patch is a magnificent spectacle . Given its spreading tendencies , telekia is not a plant for small gardens unless steps can be taken to contain its roots . It is excellent for naturalising in wild gardens . Or you could plant blocks of distinct colours , divided by a neutral foliage plant . Two contrasting colours such a blue and yellow can look effective when freely mingled , each intensifying the impact of the other. Limiting a bed or an area of a border to all the various shades of a single colour produces a sophisticated effect , although on a larger scale it may appear monotonous unless relieved by a subtle use of green or variegated foliage . Colour all year round From April , when spring bulbs , shrubs and herbaceous plants start flowering in earnest , until the summer bedding is dismantled in late September , there should be no problem keeping the garden filled with colour . In many gliders the spin may stop as soon as the full opposite rudder is applied . In others the stick will have to move quite a long way forwards before the wing unstalls and the spin stops . Where this is the case , the full opposite rudder may not even appear to change the spin , and the spin will continue until the movement forward is sufficient . Because each spin may be slightly different , it is important not to try to guess how far to move forwards . Always make a progressive , steady movement forwards until the spin stops . Because of the risk of a failure of the battery - operated Artificial Horizons , I always insist that pilots are competent to fly on the Turn and Slip Indicator before even trying a Horizon . Many pilots find that they manage safely on their first few short cloud climbs but that they soon get tired and lose their concentration . It is after they have lost control for the second or third time that the real difficulties appear . One or two short climbs in cloud do not prove the ability of a pilot to cope with the required longer periods of concentration and more varied conditions in larger clouds . However , there are a number of risks to be considered by even the most competent pilot , and these are outside the pilot 's control once the cloud climb has been started . Prevention is better than cure , so here are some guidelines for avoiding future problems : Do work out your own attitude to all drugs . Remember , it 's more likely that youngsters may turn to drugs if they come from a home where the adults appear to be dependent on legal drugs like tobacco or alcohol . Do remember the same is true for legally prescribed drugs like sedatives and tranquillisers . If you are using these , keep them where they ca n't be tampered with . To start with you may feel slightly feverish and your skin may feel painful and prickly over the area where the rash will appear . After 2 or 3 days blisters will appear and form a narrow band on one side of the body or face . For about a week new blisters will appear . Yet some twelve months after I had graduated , I was now having my first interview with my chief constable who had no idea what I had studied or what result I had achieved . This tendency to ignore those on scholarships is mentioned by Smith ( ibid . 154 ) : with one exception , all scholars contacted have expressed strongly that the service did not appear to see the practical relevance of university training , did not know how to exploit the benefits gained by the individual and in many cases showed noticeable coolness to those who were part of it . This coolness is something other scholars have experienced . An inspector reading humanities at Oxford , told me : I felt cut off , with no contact back at work . Did Lucy think of herself as that heterosexually convenient phenomenon , the non - orgasmic woman ; had sex been awful for her ? Jump on her ! How the hell do you jump on a Lucy , a lady , a Lucy , someone who appears fragile as glass , goes warm and soft like a trusting animal in your arms , then tough as steel with her polished NO ? Do you want to have a weekend with me ? I feel sort of fixed that it would be the best thing you know it would . Do not confuse it with the head , for the latter can be struck harder and still score . A face attack may cause a slight reddening but that is all . It is often said that penalties automatically follow when blood appears following a facial attack , but this is an over - simplification . In most cases the face attack will not score , but there are instances where the opponent moves into the attack and thus makes its impact worse . Here the referee will often be more lenient in applying the rules of contact . A senior international referee of my acquaintance was standing nearby and confirmed my opinion . I do n't know how the problem can be circumvented , except by being so much better than your opponent that even the most biased referee is forced to acknowledge your scores . This may prove difficult when your opponent is an lite performer and so the only practical advice I can offer is to appear in lots of competitions , so you become a known face to many national referees . The referee has to see and correctly interpret extremely fast actions . In my view , accuracy can only be assured over very short periods of time , after which the refereeing panel must receive a proper rest . More than once I have seen a hapless opponent reaching down to scoop a front kick that never comes , and getting caught on the undefended side of the head ! Though this technique is not as powerful as the orthodox roundhouse kick , its sheer technical brilliance clinches a full point . ( a ) At this stage , the technique appears to be a front kick ( b ) The hips then begin to turn and the kicking foot rises to the side ( c ) The opponent has responded to a front kick that turned out to be a roundhouse kick ! //Ali add somthing It soon became clear that I could no longer rely on friends for help with everyday chores like shopping and housework when I needed it . While deciding to stay as independent as possible , I contacted ACET who I knew provided practical care at home . I had previously spent about two years asking local social services and friends for help and not having it happen , so my flat had become pretty run down. There was also the question of my own exhaustion . Even a weekly visit by a local authority home help when it was finally arranged was not enough . The success of the initial pilot programme has been recognised by the Ministry of Health and the Institute of Health Education and led to Maurice , Kate and Ana meeting with Government officials and representatives from UNICEF to establish a long - term training programme in five Romanian regions , starting in November of this year . The attitude of many Romanian health professionals was summed up recently in the words of one doctor in Constanta who said Health Education is the only vaccine we have to fight against HIV . Kate Bristow commented , It is a real privilege for ACET to be asked to work with such people as they look for ways to develop an effective strategy . International Adviser Professor Jonathan Mann , former director of the WHO Global AIDS Programme , has given his backing to ACET by joining Dr Everett Koop the former US Surgeon General , as an International Adviser . Referrals of African men and women infected heterosexually abroad are also increasing . ACET News aims to inform Boroughs , Health Authorities , and voluntary agencies of the work of ACET in the community . For more information about ACET 's Home Care Service please call us on 081 840 7879 and ask for Jackie Sears . UK OPERATIONS DIRECTOR APPOINTED Peter Johnson , 38 , has been appointed UK Operations Director , with responsibility for ACET 's existing operations and for new developments within the UK . It soon became clear that I could no longer rely on friends for help with everyday chores like shopping and housework when I needed it . Whilst resolving to stay at independent as possible , I contacted ACET who I knew provided practical care at home . I had previously spent about two years asking local social services and friends for help and not having it happen , so my flat had become pretty run down. There was also the question of my own exhaustion . Even a weekly visit by a local authority home help when it was finally arranged was not enough . DOES ACET'S SERVICE COST ME ANYTHING ? We are given some financial support from the government but this doe snot cover all our costs and we therefore depend on gifts from trusts , companies and individuals . If you would like to help us financially why not ask one of our Home Care team for details . MEETING YOUR NEEDS ACET recognises that people can have needs in many areas . HOW CAN I BENEFIT FROM ACET'S SERVICES To be eligible for ACET Home Care you must be HIV positive and require assistance because of this . Once you have decided you would like practical help from ACET just ring 081 840 7879 and ask for Home Care . If appropriate one of our specialist nurses will then arrange to come and see you to discuss your practical needs and see how ACET can help . CAN I REFER TO ACET EVEN IF I AM USING OTHER SERVICES ? Post - modernist interpretations evolved in her articles between 1973 and 1983 , and were published in The Originality of the Avant - Garde and Other Modernist Myths in 1987 . One of the articles is about the abstract artist Sol LeWitt , who was in Krauss 's opinion misinterpreted by three critics as serving as triumphant illustration of the powers of human reason . And , we might ask , what else could Conceptual Art be ? How such as Donald Judd and Robert Smithson , was that they saw a false and pious rationality as the enemy of art . From her knowledge of the artists ' attitudes to their work , she pointed to the part that uncertainties played in the process of making their sculpture . That was the split ( Fraser 's dots ) . He asks the daughter of the refugee cook , remembering the days when he made love with this daughter , if she had known two different boys . Later in the book Mr Fraser recognises that he has talked both of rubbing out the past and of preserving it : The aims seem contradictory , do n't they ? But they 're the same . It was lively enough to marry Bellow to a stylish Radcliffe graduate of whom Roth had been enamoured if we are to assume that The Facts has not imagined the connection . It is a connection not unlike some of those made in the fiction of both authors . The memoir sets us asking if Philip Roth knows who he is . He is angry , suspicious , overbearing ; he can be very like the Zuckerman berated in the fiction as this unsatisfiable , suspect , quarrelsome novelist . And yet he is nice . Singer is a writer of standing in the matter of when , in what he sees as the disappointing modern world , a Jew is not a Jew . Modern Jews , he affirms , are greedy creatures , tormented by their too many opinions . It could well be asked if his is an Orthodox fiction . Is it that of a vicarious believer , if such a person is possible ? Is he an aesthete of the subject ? Discretionary grants for further education have suffered in the climate of recent economic cuts and local government spending allowances can affect the number and level of grants awarded . Generally , a local authority will aim to cover the full cost of fees and a living allowance although this can be subject to your personal circumstances and will vary depending on whether you will live with your parents during term time , or in rented accommodation . It is possible that your local authority may ask you to audition for them after you have been offered a place . This seems an odd way of going about things , but the advising panels do carry a professional adviser so that talent is not merely being judged by local civil servants . The object of this rather clumsy piece of administration is to place some check on the expenditure of local money on the arts and also to provide a further checkpoint on students who have already received educational grants for other careers . By now you will have made a definite decision to become an actor no matter what the problems or obstacles . The next step is to prepare for the audition at a drama school and find the right kind of textual material which will allow you to show the best of yourself . On obtaining a prospectus and asking for an application form , you will find that every drama school will require an audition fee , and this can vary between 15 and 25 . If you can afford to , it 's generally best to spread your auditions around the drama schools so that you are seen more than once . When auditioning for most schools you will be asked to present at least two contrasting speeches and possibly give some idea of your attitude to improvisation and , perhaps , to singing . Not all auditions have just two speeches , classical and modern . You may well be asked to sing something unaccompanied , or do a short improvisation and you may well be asked to perform one of the speeches in a different way . In some schools you will be asked to participate with other students in basic class work over a weekend ( as happens at the Bristol Old Vic drama school ) and in some you may find yourself being judged partly by senior students of the school who will be sitting with the faculty panel ( which is something that happens at Drama Centre ) . The point of preparation is to be well tuned and at the same time flexible to new interpretations and ideas . Rigidity of approach is something to be avoided at all costs there is no point in being able to do a party piece one way and be unable to take in new direction on the same material . Auditions are nerve - wracking for everyone who does them ( and for that matter , for everyone who watches them ) but being sure of your text is the least you can do . Should that unthinkable thing happen , and you forget your lines , do n't despair . A sympathetic panel may well ask you to start again . But there is no trick to the business of learning lines , as you will find out as you go on although learning lines for an audition is different from memorising a part in a play for production , because then you will be operating with other actors around you . On the whole , acting in isolation is a peculiar feature of the audition system , which is why the pieces you choose in either the classic or modern text need to be reasonably well contained and lend themselves to being performed as a one man show . I knew I would n't play her as a wimp and the whole audition was based on the speech where she goes mad the flowers , rosemary for remembrance and the whole bit . George Roman read me and after I 'd done the first reading he asked me about my own attitudes to the Part and then told me his as a director , which were completely different . So I asked if I might go through it again and try some of the ideas he talked about . A.R. Did you find it easy to take direction from someone whom you did n't know ? And even more difficult in an audition situation where they are looking at your height , weight and how much stage you can fill by your very presence . Does he engage me ? That is probably the most important question the panel are asking themselves . And the next thing will be what is his attitude to this audition is it positive ? Always remember that they have asked to see you and that is what they want to do . That is probably the most important question the panel are asking themselves . And the next thing will be what is his attitude to this audition is it positive ? Always remember that they have asked to see you and that is what they want to do . So dress the part . Don't go along in a dirty T shirt and floppy gym shoes or try to over - impress or be antagonistic . There is Something very physical as well as verbally strong about Steven 's plays . But I think it 's always a case of what you bring to acting bring to the parts that are being offered to you . When I did Nurse Ratchett in One Flew Over The Cuckoo 's Nest up in Manchester I read the novel and found a speech in the book that was really wonderful on the character and I asked the director if I could read it for him. I got the job and the speech became included in the play itself . I think you do have to do your homework as an actor . No , I do not believe in the audition system . A.R. Well , you 're obviously not asked to audition now . A.S. It is a privilege ; and one does n't forget that . We all looked again and it was n't H. The bastard had met this Jake a year or two back and at once noted the resemblance . Kept in touch with him , waiting for the right occasion to use him. He was quite frank about the whole thing , told us H. had given him a fiver to turn up , asked Madge if she wanted to go through with it , which of course she did n't . Her father furious . Herself in tears . At least the telly has n't yet cottoned on to the dogs , I told him , but he said in Mexico it had . Backed Tiny Thomas and took home 4 . Did you know , Paz asked me , that Thomas Aquinas was only four foot ten ? I did n't . His collected works , he said , probably fill four foot ten of shelf space . And what 's one more or less ? Goldberg 's face when I told him , he wrote . Where ? he kept asking , where ? I told him , Between junctions seventeen and eighteen . But why ? he kept asking . For the gesture of revolt begs for understanding . The gesture of rejection pleads mutely for forebearance . It asks for open vindication , he wrote , but I ask only to do my task . What must be done . In the night . Does my writing this down now mean that I am a little bit reconciled to myself ? Those words of Kafka 's , which have never ceased to haunt me : Where does the strength come from to write . : I have no strength any more ? The question he is really asking , I think , wrote Harsnet ( typed Goldberg ) , is this : Is that secret strength a minus or a plus ? One more temptation or the start of a recovery ? Will it ever be given us to know ? Black circles round his eyes . Collar invisible in folds of neck . Patting his cheeks with his handkerchief all the time ( till I asked him to stop it ) . Usual stories about true love at last . About need to pay for daughter 's education . No no , he said . I 'm just glad I had a. Why did you abandon it ? he asked again . Again I told him why . Sometimes it takes a little while to realize you really have lost interest in something , I said to him. He added quickly : Because I do n't , you know . No , I said , I do n't feel that . You 've done what you wanted ? he asked . I no longer know what I wanted , I said . Now it just bores me . CHARLES ALLEN Managing Director , Compass , Queens Wharf , Queen Caroline Street , London W6 . THE COLOUR OF MONEY ONE of our bar staff recently came into the kitchen to ask if she could look in the soup kettle to see what colour the soup was . It 's green , I said . It 's broccoli and ham . For example , I have never received a personal letter following my stay to thank me for my custom . Maybe I could have been offered a discount if I brought my wife next time . And why do reception staff often ask if I 've stayed with them before when I 'm booked on a regular customer discount ? If information is there it needs to be filtered and passed on via senior management into all areas of the operation . The real power of computerised data lies in a deeper , more sophisticated analysis of the information which already exists . READ THE MANUAL FIRST THERE'S a saying in the computer industry : If in doubt , press a few keys ; if that does n't work , ask a colleague ; if in deep trouble , consult the manual . There is some justification for this caricature of the typical computer user though customers ' critics might ask themselves first how well - written the manuals are , before complaining that people never read them . Assuming the manual is in comprehensible English , users can avoid many unnecessary calls to the help desk by a combination of consulting its index , and using the onscreen help built into the software . Pabulum Consultants ' Jennifer Rust adds : They could also help themselves by thinking through a problem before phoning the support desk . Same day as Lord Woodleigh and that and his fiance . They are travelling together , just themselves ? Sven Hjerson asked with a sudden flicker of interest . Oh , no. Good gracious me , no. How do you do , Constable ? Very well , thank you Ma'am , said Quince amiably . How did you know this man 's name was Quince ? asked Bramble with a hint of incredulity . I make it my business to know such things , young man. Bramble was forty - five and had not been thus addressed for almost a quarter of a century . It is there that I am putting up. Saying which he passed jauntily from their ken , shutting the door behind him with a flourish . What 's all that about , Sarge ? asked Quince . It means , said Bramble wearily , that we are under siege from the great detectives . We just have to hope your aristocracy do n't read the Daily Express . And how better would a kidnapper do such a thing than to send a letter by his Majesty 's Mail . In such matters it is the most obvious things which are the most important and which stare at you from under the nose without being perceived . And so I must ask you again to allow me to inspect the morning 's mails . Oh , Sergeant Bramble ! Algy was obviously relieved by the arrival of the law. You see dears , said the old lady , no one , least of all a great detective , believes what they read in the newspapers . Which reminds me , said her friend . We took the liberty of asking our friend Percy Hoskins to join us for dinner . He should be hear in a trice , for his departure from Paddington was scheduled , I believe , for nine minutes before five . There was a short silence now in which anyone with good enough hearing to detect a pin - drop would have detected the sound of hundreds of little grey cells jostling and barging each other in frantic efforts to arrive at a perfect understanding of the day 's events . Not a bit , she said . Coffee gteau , mine was , an old family recipe . All pure ingredients from the cleanest kitchen in Little Tuckett ask anyone . Well , you can see the colour of him , Dr Padgett muttered to Constable Perkins . It will mean tests , of course , but from his appearance and what Catlett described , I 'd say cyanide . She was perfectly calm , perfectly quiet , and had nothing to say , other than a reiteration of her previous statement , to wit , he could never resist a cherry . Was this common knowledge , Peggy wondered ? She asked Mrs Phipps , as delicately as she could . Why else would there be so many fal - lals and thingamajigs on those cakes ? the widow said , wearily . They were all out to catch Henry 's eye . And they 'd all packed them up this morning . Did anyone help you to get the cakes out of their containers for the judging ? Peggy asked . I mean , I expect it 's difficult to manage without harming them . No each lady had personally placed her cake on the long table without assistance . She did look unwell her face was pale . I have n't been sleeping well , lately . Guilty conscience ? asked Mrs Clancy unpleasantly . Bad dreams ? Mrs Venables suggested . I gave him an even chance , of course . An even chance ? Peggy asked , in some surprise . Absolutely . The Colonel apparently had his own rules about such things . LIZA CODY It was Nanny who told me the rotten news . Nanny and rotten news seem to go together if you ask me . Magnus 's mother has been to see your mother , she said . Poor Magnus has chicken - pox , so you can unpack that suitcase , Andrew . She 's always sucking up to Ma . What 's this one for , anyway ? I asked . We had a do only last week . Don't call it a do , Claire said . And much , much more . Could I have a pair of boots ? I asked . He was being much more friendly than Father who had n't spoken a word to me all evening . While we watched , Annabel wormed her way into the circle around Kezia with a plate of smoked salmon sandwiches . It is a small thing , and for you there is no risk . What is it ? Claire asked , eyes wide . I have written a letter , Kezia replied in a whisper . There are friends of my family who are refugees in America . In her development of the character of Poirot , she was clearly influenced by her reading of Sir Philip Sidney 's Astrophel and Stella , and particularly of the following sonnet : CXI Why I haue ask 'd you here O Fate , O fault , O curse , O crime of bloode ! What caitif could haue caused so foul a showe ? The secret of this heauy case unfold . To shewe the villain and to make all clere The reason is why I haue ask 'd you here . There are so many other examples of literature from the Tudor and Stuart period which influenced Agatha Christie that it would be invidious to mention any of them . I will therefore move next to the Augustan Age and another undeniable source - work for the expansion of the character of Hercule Poirot , Alexander Pope 's Essay on Detection . And where the window is , said Thomas . And she 's a lady who always sleeps slept with her window open . Was the door locked when you went up this morning ? asked Mary . Of course it was . Otherwise whoever it was would probably have come in from the corridor . Top of the list goes to the husband , of course . Ethel , who later in life wrote scripts for Mrs Dale 's Diary and Upstairs , Downstairs , licked her pencil and wrote in a bold , well - schooled hand : Captain James Heatherington - Scott . Why top of the list ? asked Bob . Because in a domestic murder the husband or wife is always the obvious suspect . You 'll know why if you ever marry . Because in a domestic murder the husband or wife is always the obvious suspect . You 'll know why if you ever marry . Why wait till they are away on a weekend ? asked Mrs Cornforth . Why not do it at 'ome ? And be even more the obvious suspect ? asked Ethel pityingly . Why wait till they are away on a weekend ? asked Mrs Cornforth . Why not do it at 'ome ? And be even more the obvious suspect ? asked Ethel pityingly . Besides , he may have been driven over the edge by her carryings - on . Because carry on she did . I still do n't see why she should be pleased to see me on Saturday evening , said Henry Tyler mildly . Because you 're a man , that 's why . And may I ask if she will be so delighted to see me because I happen to be a male member of the human race ? There was nothing in his face to show how much he enjoyed teasing his only sister . Or is it only that I do n't understand why as a consequence of being a mere male ? And what happens , asked Henry mischievously , when Cousin Amy is n't there and your friends have an extra man ? Oh , that 's no problem , said Wendy at once . Margot just asks Miss Chalder to stay on . She 's Arthur 's dispenser and receptionist . Young but quite presentable . That sort of thing ? And saying , said Wendy , that he 's been held up at a confinement when he 's forgotten all about somebody . Is he a good doctor ? asked Henry . It was n't entirely an idle question since Wendy and Tom Witherington had two young children upon whom their bachelor uncle doted . How does one ever know that , Henry ? No ! Surely not exclaimed Tom . What on earth from ? asked Henry . Brenda does n't know , said Wendy , but apparently poor Margot started being sick about one o'clock in the morning and then had a most frightful pain in her tummy . At least Arthur would have been there , said her husband . I hope you never take it into your head to commit a murder , sir , said the Inspector . You do seem to have an eye for essentials . And how much of this er horticultural poison does it take to kill a human being ? asked Henry , ignoring this last . Not a lot , said the inspector quietly . Something under a fifth of a teaspoonful say four or five drops added to which it is highly soluble . Paul Spence has kindly agreed to give a few revision classes on seventeenth - and eighteenth - century architecture to final - year BA students : Tuesday Do you know what they are going to be about ? Carla asked me . No I do n't . I 'm sorry , Carla , I really do n't . What do you want to see me about , Charles ? This caught him off balance . What do you mean ? he asked , flustered . I thought it was you who wanted to see me . At your bidding , Charles , only at your bidding . Sadly , it was not going to work . What if the Senate does n't agree to fund an extra member of staff ? I asked . I do n't know . I think we 've a pretty good case though the Renaissance has three people . It was a book of photographs of London between the wars a slightly tactless gesture as I was only eleven when World War Two was declared , but the sentiments were , I sensed , sincere , so I was touched by their kindness . Are you going to stay in London after you 've retired ? Carla asked me . I do n't know . That 's a little way off yet . People do lose sometimes . True , but they have a pleasant time in the sun while they 're about it . What do you mean by us being set in our ways ? he asked , the tone of his voice changing when he put the question . You tend to treat life as if it were a game of cricket , for one thing . Do we really ? In Northern Ireland our work has been warmly received by both communities and their churches . AFRICA WHERE DO YOU START ? With possibly one in three of adults in some African towns and cities already HIV infected , it is hard to know how to begin to help . Whole communities are being shaken by large numbers of deaths among young adults and young children . Half a million babies have already been born with HIV in Africa . MA in human rights A new MA degree in human rights is being offered by the University of Essex . Unique in the UK , and probably in the world , the MA is a one - year course beginning in October 1991 . It is intended both for those who want to do practical or legal work for human rights organizations , and for those who would find it an outstanding preparation for research degrees in Law , Philosophy and Politics . Best Cards in the Biz TODAY THERE ARE 4,200 LOCAL AMNESTY GROUPS AROUND THE WORLD . 315 OF THESE ARE IN THE UK , WORKING ON BEHALF OF 318 INDIVIDUALS AND RAISING MORE THAN 260,000 A YEAR TO FURTHER AMNESTY'S WORK . How did it all begin ? Peter Benenson , in his original article in the Observer in 1961 , envisaged a central library , providing information on prisoners of conscience to any group , existing or new , in any part of the world , which decides to join in a special effort in favour of freedom of opinion or religion . The response to this call was and has continued to be overwhelming . Amnesty groups ' work responded to the challenge with new techniques such as networks focusing on abuses in specific areas of the world and campaigns on whole countries or themes . For example , a Murder by Governments Campaign in October 1983 resulted in funeral marches with black coffins , drumbeats , and candles in Diss , Norwich , Bognor Regis , and London . How to find the money necessary to carry out Amnesty 's work has always been a worry , and from the very beginning the Section Office asked groups for help in this area . However , in the first few years groups did not appear to consider fundraising a priority . A newsletter in 1964 complains that it is clear that the requested 10 per annum is more than one group can manage . If he were alive today , he would have even more cause for satisfaction . Some of the main efforts of historians in the first decades of the twentieth century had been directed to putting order into a mass of material , analysing works and documents , and establishing historical data . German art historians had begun much more systematically on this task than others . Several art historians wrote syntheses of art historical information , which became standard works . Histories of art appeared in sequences of volumes by different authors , there were several series of books about artists and on museum collections , besides which the most comprehensive biographical dictionary of artists by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker started its long publication process in 1907 . This is perhaps a more useful analogy than might at first sight appear . Newer approaches to history can give accounts which do not have landmark events and which tell us about different aspects of the past , such as social conditions . Deciding where is the beginning can be a trouble for an art historian . In Europe , classical times are a beginning for historians , but not for archaeologists . For some art historians , the Renaissance is a new beginning , though medievalists can point out convincingly that no one event divides the Middle Ages from the Renaissance . A hostile article is even less likely to be satisfactory to a reader . There is no problem for an antagonistic critic to find incoherence and inconsistency in a group exhibition . To begin with , the reasons for which artists show together are varied . An obvious reason is financial , since to share costs of a show is easier for the participants . Another financial incentive is that sales may be generated by the naming of a group . But now I want to win and win and win . , Salim , too , wants to win , and his affair with Yvette is a victory : All my energy and mind were devoted to that new end of winning the person . In possessing her , he is both taken out of , and placed in possession of , himself : She gave me the idea of my manliness I had grown to need . When the friendship begins to fail , he says : What she drew out of me remained extraordinary to me . The affair seems to him to belong to the town , to have no future , and they are parted when the town comes under fear and hazard . He finds himself considering the idea of flight , and the idea of defeat : 1 suppose that , thinking of my own harassment and Raymond 's defeat , I had begun to consider Yvette a defeated person as well , trapped in the town , as sick of herself and the wasting asset of her body as I was sick of myself and my anxieties . The status of comedy is crucial to the debate , and we can at least be sure that Kingsley Amis would not object to having his practice compared with Waugh 's , or to being placed with him among the monologists of the Right . Against this monologic Amis can be set , by way of alter ego , the modernistic Amis of Barbara Everett 's discussion of Difficulties with girls , which occurred in the course of an essay on Hugh Kenner 's fantasy of a British betrayal of Modernism , and which springs the surprise of conveying that Amis , so often supposed an enemy of Modernism , is really a Modernist . She begins by recalling a remark made to her a long time ago by Larkin , about difficulties encountered in his private life a remark which consisted of a joke to do with the impossibility of relations between men and women , followed by the notion that women ought really to marry each other , followed by but that would be wrong , would n't it ? And she notes that the same remark , or the same sentences , can be found in Amis 's novel . What interests her , apparently , is not the remark itself , but the degree to which the piece of recall her piece of recall , presumably failed to affect the novel in any way . In any case , keep your chosen speech short and contained , for it is better to end when those auditioning would have you continue . Brevity truly is the soul of wit . Reading around for background to Shakespeare is valuable , and you ca n't do better than begin with the Harley Granville Barker 's Prefaces to Shakespeare , which analyse the plays from both a scholarly and dramatic angle , without being ponderously academic . John Barton 's Playing Shakespeare is a fine follow - up. Barton does investigate the actor 's work in a more contemporary way and the book is based on the TV series of the same name . The prevailing protestant loyalist beliefs stress the existence of the people of Northern Ireland , who are distinguished by their Ulster protestantism and democratic values , and by their claim to a flexible territory of Ulster . Despite some socialist groups within the alliance , the dominant economic belief is capitalist . A further central belief has recently begun to appear as equivocal , namely loyalism itself . Related to this is the final principal belief element , the conviction of the legitimacy of force in maintaining the subordination of catholic nationalists within the statelet . A fuller account of these two groups of dominant beliefs benefits from some comparison between the two . The importance of the protestant variant should not be underestimated given the extent of religious practice and the power of religious men within the protestant loyalist bloc and the grave importance of conceiving of one 's position as absolutely irreproachable , depending as it does on a divine source . At the heart , or within the innermost wall of the protestant loyalist alliance , is the man of God not woman , not rough , and not immoral be he soldier , clergyman , businessman , or farmer . After the account of creation and redemption , which despite the variance among intellectual accounts in the past probably has slightly less relevance as a divider at the popular level , the two main variants begin ( for popular accounts , see Harris 1972 ; Leyton 1975 ) . In the Roman catholic account , Christ appoints Peter to lead the church he has founded . In the other , the church is founded but taken over early on by the Popes in Rome and by priests who use magic and ritual to gain control of God 's people , thus profaning his divine word . These last were soon replaced , on 9 May , by a more specific and highly organized pressure group headed by many who had previously mounted the Pro - Life Anti - abortion Campaign . Of particular importance to the anti - divorce campaign was a lawyer , William Binchy , who had already produced a book in 1984 on the subject . Large publicity campaigns began and the Irish Times also lent its weight to the pro - divorce argument , campaigning in its columns until the eve of the referendum in late June. Though the coalition government were allowing their TDs the Irish equivalent for MPs a free vote on the issue , its parties , Fine Gael and Labour , officially sponsored the campaign for the constitutional change . Fianna Fil appeared to be equally divided on the issue . But secularizing moves by the English liberals over the Education Bills of 1902 , 1906 , and a private member 's Bill of 1911 led the Irish hierarchy to question some of the political intentions of the Irish politicians , who it was feared might sell out the church 's interest in schools . According to the Liberal - Irish alliance , the Irish party was supposed to abstain from the 1901 Conservative bill , aimed at bringing denominational schools in England and Wales into the national education system while at the same time absenting them from local government control : that is , giving finance while maintaining the system of denominational clerical control . With the Irish party abstaining , both English and Irish Roman catholic bishops began to pressurize the leader of the Irish party , Redmond , and his associates to support the Conservative bill . Added upset came in the same year from a speech by Dr W. Starkie , the commissioner of National Education in Ireland , who attacked school managers for not being up to their job . The attack was within the context of a speech largely praising the Roman catholic church in Ireland . I began work on the big glass on 27 July 1967 , wrote Harsnet . Goldberg , images of their last meeting in the narrow entrance of the elegant little Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art dancing in his head , slipped a sheet of A4 into his old Olivetti portable and started to transcribe . I began work on the big glass on 27 July 1967 , he typed . I began work on the big glass on 27 July 1967 , wrote Harsnet . Goldberg , images of their last meeting in the narrow entrance of the elegant little Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art dancing in his head , slipped a sheet of A4 into his old Olivetti portable and started to transcribe . I began work on the big glass on 27 July 1967 , he typed . I had been preparing myself for that moment for a long time , he typed , as Harsnet had written . I had been preparing myself for as long as I can remember , preparing myself ( though I did not always realize it ) from the day that I was born , preparing myself , wrote Harsnet ( typed Goldberg ) , but always aware of the dangers of beginning too soon . For there is nothing worse , he wrote , than beginning too soon . It is much worse to begin too soon , he wrote , than not to begin at all . Much worse to begin too soon than to begin too late . Much worse to begin too soon and realize one has begun too soon than to begin too late and realize one has begun too late . Much worse to begin too soon and realize one is inadequately prepared than to begin too late and realize one is over - prepared . Much worse to begin too soon and realize one is inadequately prepared than to begin too late and realize one is over - prepared . Much worse to begin too soon and reach the end too quickly , typed Goldberg , squinting at the manuscript before him , than to begin at the right time and reach the end too quickly . Much worse to begin too soon and feel one has begun too soon than to begin at the right time and discover one has nothing to begin . That is why , wrote Harsnet , I have been preparing myself for that moment for a long time , that is why I have cleared the decks and prepared the ground , because unless the decks are cleared and the g round prepared there is little hope of succeeding in what one has planned to do , little hope of achieving anything of lasting value , though lasting is a relative term and so is value and whatever it is one has planned to do is certain to be altered in the process , which does not of course mean , he wrote , that one can start anywhere at any time . It is just because whatever one has planned to do is bound to be altered in the process that it is important to start at the right moment , he wrote . It is up to each one of us , he wrote , at every point in our lives , to decide how much order and how much disorder , how much discipline and how much freedom we need for the best realization of our project of the moment , even though that project may turn out to be flawed or even utterly mistaken in the short run , of course I am only talking about the short run , he wrote , in the long run , as I have already said , both success and failure are quite without meaning , the notion of meaning is quite without meaning . Long run , wrote Goldberg in the margin , wiping the sweat from his forehead with his sleeve , no meaning . The real question , wrote Harsnet , is where the short run ends and the long run begins , since in the long run long and short are also without meaning . But that , he wrote , is part of what the big glass itself will try to explore , with its notion of delay . Big glass , wrote Goldberg in the margin , delay . So Harsnet . And Goldberg , pushing the sweat out of his eyes with the sleeve of his pullover , grabbed the pen and put another question mark in the margin by the whole passage . Magritte , like Dali , wants you to admire him , wrote Harsnet ( and Goldberg , laying the pen aside , began to type again ) . Nobody to be admired when big glass shown , he wrote . Not admiration but anxiety , wonder , disgust , terror . Appendix ? Or note at foot of page ? He pushed the pad aside , drew the typewriter towards him and began to type again , squinting down at his friend s tiny handwriting . I hear about these artists , so - called , he typed ( as Harsnet had written ) , who work all day and all night , whose work is their passion . Paint all over their clothes , all over the studio , external mark of intrinsic worth . There are those who imagine , he typed ( as Harsnet had written ) , that because they know the machine will not start they can afford to ignore it . But what if the motorless machine is what it is all about ? Goldberg , pushing back the typewriter and drawing the pad towards him , began again . Dear Harsnet , he wrote , you may be amused to hear that one of my sons spotted you the other day training with Korchnoi and the Brighton and Hove Albion football team . We all knew of your friendship with Korchnoi , he wrote , how could we not , the papers have been so full of it . So it may not , after all , have been you he saw . In which case forgive me for writing as I have done . He pushed the pad aside , took out his handkerchief and wiped his face , stuffed the handkerchief back in his pocket and began to type again . Desire , he typed ( as Harsnet had written ) , a most boring subject . Yet , wrote Harsnet , I keep coming back to it . Goldberg , pushing the hair out of his eyes with his forearm , dragged the pad towards him and wrote : Appendix on the real facts ? Or let him damn himself with his own words ? In a hundred years ' time , I said to him , wrote Harsnet ( and Goldberg , putting the pad aside , began to type again ) , in a hundred years ' time I said to him , ( he typed ) no one will remember either you or me . In ten years ' time , I said to him , wrote Harsnet ( typed Goldberg ) , they may still remember us both . But not in a hundred . After eight months ' work it has acquired a life of its own . A personality of its own . Though in one sense only just begun . After all the doubts and uncertainties , wrote Harsnet , most of which I did not admit to myself , or else tried to pretend were an integral part of the project , sense now that it is on its way . Even bottom right may be all right as it is . Lost my anxiety . It simply , became a field of force , like any other. I began to see the dangers of overcrowding , over - invention . The most important thing in fact the clear glass . Never to forget that . There will be no flood , he wrote , and there will be no fire , but it will do its work . Negation , he wrote , once the attribute of the Devil , now the ally of the truth . And when the lies have gone , he wrote , when the mausoleums lie empty , then streams will once again begin to flow and trees to bud , mountains will raise their heads again and gales will turn into gentle breezes , while the sun will only warm and never scorch . Not rejection , he wrote , but seeming compliance . Not offended silence but seemingly grateful speech . Though my early dream of cones directly related to moulds and maintained in course of 180 rotation had to be abandoned . But enough survives . And dust really beginning to look good . Blissful week , he wrote . And Goldberg , in the margin : sieves , dust . Wine , at its simplest , means crushing grapes and letting the wild yeasts on the the skins ferment the sweet juices into alcohol . If you crush an ear of barley , however , you will not get beer . The basic ingredient of beer needs careful nurturing and transforming into malt before it is ready to begin the slow , ruminative journey that ends with the pint in the pub . When barley is harvested it is taken to a maltings where the grains are soaked in water to encourage germination . As the roots begin to break out of the grains the barley is transferred to a vast hall heated with warm air and turned by large malt shovels . The basic ingredient of beer needs careful nurturing and transforming into malt before it is ready to begin the slow , ruminative journey that ends with the pint in the pub . When barley is harvested it is taken to a maltings where the grains are soaked in water to encourage germination . As the roots begin to break out of the grains the barley is transferred to a vast hall heated with warm air and turned by large malt shovels . When the maltster is satisfied that germination has unlocked the rich natural sugars in the barley , the grains are taken to a kiln room where heat stops germination . The temperature of the kilning process determines the type of malt produced : the higher the temperature the darker the malt . Some had almost no tread left . Plaster had come away from the walls from ceiling to floor , and along the lower part the bared cement , originally grey , was stained yellow and smelt of urine . On a patch where the rough surface of brickwork was exposed , someone had vomited , probably a passing drunk whose sense of propriety , demanding privacy , had deterred him from being sick in the street ; or a returning resident who could not wait to climb the few steps to the communal toilet on the first half - landing . The detritus had stuck to the pitted surface in a wide streaky band as it slid lumpily from chest height to the floor . Judging by the strength or its smell , a mixture of beer and fish and chips , the vomit was recent . I had gone for coffee in the student room in order to avoid my colleagues . However , my presence was clearly unsettling its regular inhabitants so I decided it was time to make a move and time to confront Charles Howard . I remember how leaden - footed I felt , climbing the two flights of stairs to Charles 's office . I knew that , in the cold light of day , he held all the aces . He was the Director : he could lecture on whomever he liked . When I arrived there , there was a train for Harwich just about to leave . Again , there was a problem of a ticket barrier , but this time someone in front of me was arguing with the inspector so I was able to pass unhindered . I remember my feeling of elation when I climbed aboard the train . In no time at all it jerked forward , and there I was , on my way . It was n't long before the guard came to see us . If the acceleration is healthy , the change into the climb can be made normally ; if the acceleration is slower than normal , then of course the climb must be restricted . At all times the angle of climb and the combination of speed and height must be such that a safe recovery can be made if the launch fails . When the change in angle is made smoothly , the glider will be climbing at a safe angle and will be able to recover if there is a launch failure at any point . Students used to be told that it was dangerous to steepen the climb below 100 feet . This made them hold the glider down and often caused overspeeding or even overrunning of the cable or parachute . With a low - powered winch or tow car , the acceleration is far slower and there is plenty of time to get the glider nicely balanced on the wheel so that it leaves the ground with a safe margin of speed . Again , if the acceleration is poor the climb must not be steepened quickly or it will be impossible to recover in time if the launch fails . The climbing angles for winch or car tow can be similar once the initial climb is over . Controlling the speed There are two completely different systems of speed control on wire launches . If they are recognised , there is almost always plenty of time to prevent a stall occurring . However , many inexperienced pilots get so thoroughly engrossed in the thermalling or what is going on elsewhere that they are temporarily switched off to how they are flying . Perhaps the work - load is high at the time , looking at the map and the ground for possible clues as to where they are , looking for signs of possible lift to climb in , together with all the other little worries involved in a field landing . It is often at these times that the glider becomes stalled without the pilot noticing , and then his instincts are bound to be automatic as the nose and wing drops . If you stall accidentally it is almost always because you are not aware of the low speed , etc. and therefore all the training in the world will not prevent you from responding instinctively because you are not at that moment aware that you are stalled . But it is the glider pilot who literally has the life of the tow pilot in his hands . Remember , do not hold the glider down too close to the ground , 5 to 10 feet is safer . Be ready to ease up to stay in position as the tug starts to climb . If you get out of position and if you find yourself too low , move up slowly in small steps , checking the movement every few feet . Don't try to move to the correct position too quickly . Remember , thermal soaring is more about staying in the strongest area of lift than flying at an efficient angle of bank ; it usually pays to turn steeply , as the small turning circle enables you to keep in the narrow cores of strong lift . If flying across country is not practical and you are local soaring , it is better to practise moving from cloud to cloud or thermal to thermal without taking the climbs to any great height . For example , on a day with a 3000 foot cloud base , climb to 2500 feet on the first climb , then fly off leaving that thermal , using the airbrakes if necessary to come down to try to find another one at 2000 feet . If you are aiming to go back for a landing , only stay long enough in that thermal to get properly centred before moving off again down to 1500 feet and starting to look for the next bit of lift . Bring each search a little lower . This place ? The walls are straight enough . But och , who would want to live here , out of it all , and with a weary hill to climb Young folk with a bit of spirit . He turned , beginning to see her meaning . To a black cross , Bold against the sky . We climbed Parliament H ill Our spirits heaving , our breaths Quickening , the earth slipping beneath our feet . In her loneliness Eleanor found no comfort in the geography of New York 's lower east side . The nearby Tompkins Square Park was dangerous , and walks by herself , Rosenberg told her , were out of the question . Moments alone were limited to climbing his tenement stairs , smelling different cooking smells on each landing . When she reached the apartment she tried to write , but sounds of crying children and raised voices came through the ceiling and walls . She chain - smoked and stopped eating . He must balance the movements one against the other to give proportion and emphasis as well as dimension . Each gesture in a sequence must be carefully timed so that it is of proper value to the whole . Once the sailor has climbed the rigging , which is usually an energetic process , he looks out , remaining stationary except for a slight sway as the boat sails out of harbour . Lise 's dance when she sweeps the floor before helping Mother Simone to spin is an excellent example of how the subtle timing of gesture can be and is helped by the appropriate choice of music . 4 NEWS 4 Compass News from all corners of the climbing world 46 Reports Our correspondents in Scotland , the Lakes , the Peak and Wales It 'll mean an operation to pin them back into place , came the lilting Irishman 's prognosis . His voice was reassuring , but I was worried . This meant the knife ; bones were broken : what about my prospects of finally climbing Minus One Direct ? Ambulance to Raigmore Hospital , Inverness and a few hours later I was talking to the consultant . He would do the operation that night . However , the capitals ' sports - climbers were dismayed to discover that because of an agreement between Bendcrete and the Sobell to share profits from any organised competitions , a special sports licence was required for insurance purposes : a licence which the sports centre lacked . The opening ceremony , set for last May , was cancelled , and local activists had to remain on the original walls while gazing up in wonder at the spectacular treat they were being denied . The irony being , of course , that climbing on the new wall would be considerably safer than soloing on the existing facilities . Dateline Ultar Aficionados of the prose of Victor Saunders , who won the Boardman - Tasker award for his book Elusive Summits , will be able to follow the further adventures of Slipper Vic , Fowler the climbing tax collector and friends on their expedition to climb Ultar , the highest unclimbed peak in the Karakoram . The irony being , of course , that climbing on the new wall would be considerably safer than soloing on the existing facilities . Dateline Ultar Aficionados of the prose of Victor Saunders , who won the Boardman - Tasker award for his book Elusive Summits , will be able to follow the further adventures of Slipper Vic , Fowler the climbing tax collector and friends on their expedition to climb Ultar , the highest unclimbed peak in the Karakoram . Saunders has been commissioned to file reports on the expedition 's progress which will appear in The Observer throughout August . Herts Wall Undaunted , he returned a week later and made the first clean ascent . In fact The Crack is a much more interesting climb than the name would suggest . At least a third of the route takes the steep open wall to the left of the corner and the climb as a whole demands a wide range of climbing technique . Even the first pitch , escaping left from the steep corner , demands positive commitment and the ability to confidently tackle technical wall climbing . The next pitch , stepping from the exposed top of the pinnacle block , is again a bold exercise , one immediately followed by a forced mantleshelf move to gain a horizontal weakness in the smooth wall . 1 . 85ft ( 26m ) , ( 4b ) . Enter the steepening corner crack and climb it until it is possible to move delicately left out across the wall . A groove is gained and followed to a ledge and large pinnacle block below . 2 . Bolting is a purely ethical consideration , no more , no less . It is simply a question of what sort of world we wish to inhabit one of predictability , or one where the outcome is unknown to us and thus includes an element of self - exploration . Castaway climbs The islands of Scotland hold unimagined potential for new routes . Bob Reid hired a boat and went exploring on Cara , off the west coast of Kintyre We retreated to the house , with confessions of lost - bottle and do - better vows for the morrow . Saturday night and a more mellow sort of relaxation was in order . Work was now a day 's climbing , as well as a sea crossing away and all but forgotten . Adventures past , or planned filled the fireside chatter as Harry kept the fire roaring with bellows made from a converted siren , whose reed had fortunately been removed . He cranked the handle and breathy rush of air made strange coloured flames leap from sea marinated flotsam . By the end of 1961 there were 11 groups , nine in the UK , one in Norway and one in Australia . In February 1963 there were already 180 groups worldwide . The increase was even felt to be too great : in 1964 , when British groups reached 212 , it was decided to slow down the growth in the UK not to act upon the ephemeral enthusiasms of an odd individual , but to go for quality . There was also concern that groups were growing faster in the UK than in the rest of the world . The number of UK groups reached 300 in the early 1980s and has remained around that level ever since groups of very high quality and certainly not based on ephemeral enthusiasms ! In writing about Delacroix , he placed his hero in a pantheon of artists who were acknowledged masters of great decorative painting : Which is the greatest of these great men who differ so much from one another ? Each must decide as he pleases , according to whether his temperament urges him to prefer the prolific , radiant , almost jovial abundance of Rubens ; the mild dignity and eurhythmic order of Raphael ; the paradisal one might almost say the afternoon colour of Veronese ; the austere and strained severity of David ; or the dramatic and almost literary rhetoric of Lebrun . The critic , too , according to Baudelaire has a right to be independent , and to work without a system which is a kind of damnation which forces one to a perpetual recantation . He wrote : Again , much interest attaches to interpretation , as an impassive hierarchical image of the Madonna is softened through the centuries into a more human and tender figure . The multitude of Madonnas for Italian worship in the Renaissance made this a fruitful theme for connoisseurship which has taken on the task of distinguishing authentic works from those by followers or copyists . An art critic may have difficulty in deciding how far the picture needs to be considered as devotional imagery , and how far discussion can be limited to artistic merits . An extremist view expressed by a twentieth - century artist is what Matisse had to say about his responses to murals by Giotto . When I see the Giotto frescoes at Padua I do not trouble to recognise which scene in the life of Christ I have before me , but I perceive instantly the sentiment which radiates from it and which is instinct in the composition in every line and color . The critic writing in a newspaper with very limited space needs such a label to give the reader a general idea of what is on display . Using such a shorthand description leaves space for other topics . Another consequence of the labelling of Impressionism and other groups by critics was that some artists naturally decided that they themselves could do the same job better than the critics . In Western art there had been artistic programmes and manifestos before Impressionism , but in the twentieth century they proliferated . Part of the critic 's task in the nineteenth century , as now , was to interpret art for the lay public ; but what , artists asked themselves , if we interpreted our own work ? from such a thought sprang statements of artistic aims and manifestos , some using the new device of naming a group with a progressive title , such as futurism . But generally speaking the ideal has always tended to accentuate the gap between the clerical world view and the lay world view within catholicism . Even though the gap between clerical and lay religious intellectuals has closed , with clergy being left behind in some areas , the clerics remain the true cognoscenti in religious matters , and are expected to be so by the laity . This has always added to the clergy 's spiritual authority and status , and has tended to merge with the authority claimed by the clergy in matters of faith and morals , with the high clergy deciding what constitutes matters of faith and morals . The attitude towards authority within the church partnered the perception of the spiritual life . The clergy were and still are in a special position , holding power over the laity because of it . However , the earthly role of the community , be it protestant or catholic , is not seen as secondary to the religious message , but as either in continuity with or against it . The Calvinist vision of an earthly city in which pastor and politician work in harmony to exclude evil from the lives of all those within the city walls remains a religious outlook for a significant number of protestant loyalists . This is a totalizing view of society , and implies a certain anti - pluralism : freedom of belief and action within certain parameters , which are to be decided either by those who appear righteous in the sight of God or by those who , at least , conform in their lawmaking to the advice given to them by the righteous . The very drift of the account of Christian myth and religious political ethics has certain parallels of structure with the siege of Londonderry . These should be noted , before one views the siege as baseline myth for the interpretation of everyday life . Goldberg taking out his polka - dotted handkerchief and wiping his brow , his cheeks , his neck , pushed aside the typewriter and seized his pen . Dragging the pad towards him he found a clean page and wrote : Dear Harsnet , I know you never answer my letters or return my calls , and I know that you handed over your notes to me on the understanding that I could do what I liked with them and not bother you , but I have to say that while there is much in them that I admire , as I will always admire much in you , no matter what , there is also much in them that seems to me to be puerile and , to put it mildly , bigoted . I have decided , however , in the interests of posterity , to cut nothing , though I may take the liberty of annotating the text here and there , putting some of the facts straight and referring the reader to related documents , such as interviews you once gave or books and articles on you which have since appeared . I know none of this interests you any longer , he wrote , and that you hold yourself , or pretend to hold yourself , aloof from the world , and in particular from the world of art . You are , or pretend to be , indifferent to whatever may happen to your reputation . A system failure has a knock - on effect throughout the hotel and adequate contingency plans must be in place to cope with such a situation . Yet despite this , many hoteliers are reluctant to invest in sufficient training for their staff . Welcome Computer Systems ' managing partner Nick Chudley echoes this view : Sadly , and we believe mistakenly , some customers decide to cut back on training as an economy measure . We think it 's a false economy , but we can understand that a seaside hotelier , for example , may not want to train casual , seasonal staff . So the owner/manager will be trained and in turn will train a succession of staff . The most contentious issue among cutlery suppliers is that of quality . Some argue that cheap imports are a waste of money others say widely differing prices are being charged for exactly the same product and that suppliers which criticise imported cutlery often stock it themselves . Couple this with a quality assessment system which is riddled with jargon and technical description and the caterer has a hard time deciding what he or she is going to buy and from which company . The decision is not made easier by constant criticism by importers and suppliers of each other. There is a habit of running down the competition rather than extolling the virtues of their own ranges . Sven Hjerson was not , however , willing to let this convenient solution put an end to his own investigation . Ladies and gentlemen , he said when the police chiefs hurrying back was out of sight , let us not make ourselves deceived . Is it so likely that that man , however much he may have been struck by your beauty and gaiety , Miss Jonathan , would have at once decided to assassinate your future husband ? But Arabella Buckley , with a murderer who was not one of us almost under her thumb , was not going to let him go so easily . Dash it all , she said , Lord Woodleigh spoke very sharply to the fellow when we were on the boat . I have n't been doing much baking lately . She sighed . But I woke up in the middle of the night and could n't get back to sleep , so I decided to bake a cake , after all . I hardly had anything in the cupboard so I had to make do She trailed off , embarrassed . Miss Pinkney went scarlet . Geoffrey did n't care that we were poor , it was nothing to do with that . I decided I did n't want to get married . In fact , I sent Geoffrey away , if you must know ! she shrilled . And now somebody has sent Henry Phipps away for good , Mrs Venables said , and laughed or tried to . It was not uncommon during production , for police helicopters to circle above nearby houses , for gang members to object that actors were wearing an opposing gang 's colours , or for police cars to speed past the set in hot pursuit . But in the midst of these distractions , another side of reality was filmed the lives of the people in the community who do n't make news . It is that real - life drama that Singleton decided to explore and recreate on film . One scene among many that captures the ironic mix of commonplace and macabre has two kids battling over a football , just a few feet away from a dead body . This uncompromising look into the choices confronting young Black Americans has aroused considerable interest in the States . Carla , inevitably , did get her job in publishing . It was through a family connection , I think anyway , as expected , she never had to ask me for a reference . I ( again inevitably ) decided to leave job - hunting until after I had actually left SIS . My final term there seemed rather uneventful after the previous two , and only Renaissance Anne showed any signs of concern about my impending departure . In truth , I found her rather a pain on the subject and merely parried her constant questions about my job - hunting activities . I 'm pretty sure that by this stage I was suffering from what medical people mean when they talk about clinical depression . However , I never tried to get professional help , and that may well have been a mistake . Depressed people can of course make hasty and unwise decisions , and I made one such decision when , during my second term at Berkeley , I decided to give up my London flat . I had lived at the same place in Hampstead for over twenty years and so , as a sitting tenant , my rent was pretty cheap . However , as you know , most of my savings had vanished while I was unemployed and when I was offered a very nice flat near the school , the financial advantages of making that my single home base seemed overwhelming . What am I supposed to have been looking for ? That 's rather what I 'm hoping to find out . The headmaster was getting a little too close to the bone for my liking , so I decided to go on the defensive . Is there something about my work that 's been bothering you , Headmaster ? No , you 've got the wrong end of the stick entirely . We arrived at Harwich Parkeston Quay . I watched the other passengers go on towards the passport control and the futility of my own expedition was now only too clear . The station cafe was still open so I decided that I might as well go in there . The cafe turned out to be a strange garish world of sandy yellow . I bought my statutory cup of tea and sat down. Once I was outside , I suddenly felt awfully tired . It had been , I realized , an extremely long and tiring day . I decided to abandon my earlier plan of just walking around until dawn and instead to try and find somewhere where I could get some sleep . I had , as I have said , hardly any money left , so with no new sources of income on the horizon , the sensible thing to do was to sleep rough . I left the station and started down the road to Harwich town . I felt hungry , cold and dirty . Hungry and cold would have to wait until I could go back to the cafe , dirty was obviously going to be more of a problem . I decided that the best thing to do was to leave the porch just in case anyone came along , and to kill the time I needed to kill somewhere else . Going back to the railway station was for the moment out of the question , just in case I bumped into someone who recognized me . What I actually needed to do was somehow to disappear . And of course , we duly kept the appointment . It would probably be best if I started from square one , the contact opened the proceedings by saying . Someone has left us a private house in Colchester in their will and we 've decided to use it as a training house . It 's only just been finished but the plan is to have four people living there three clients or whatever and one person sponsored by us , probably a member of staff . Everyone has their own room with a little fridge and a kettle , but you do have to share kitchen and bathroom . Colour co - ordinated plant arrangements and an easy way to propagate begonias are among the bright ideas suggested by Carol Kurrein this month Six co - ordinating companions Just as you might decide to colour co - ordinate your curtains and cushions , why not try arranging your houseplants into effective colour schemes ? Here are six plants which will give you a delightful blend of pink , purple and rich cream . Purple passions Perhaps the most important point is that , regardless of who may be at the launch point , the pilot alone bears the responsibility for accepting or rejecting the launch in the light of the situation as he sees it from the cockpit . If he has the slightest doubt about his ability to launch safely , bearing in mind such hazards as swinging to one side or a cable break at any stage , then he must refuse the launch . Moreover , if a pilot decides not to launch in a situation like this , he must never be overruled or criticised for playing it safe . Accidents due to swinging on take - off and landing are so common that it is worth studying the causes in detail . The behaviour of some modern gliders during take - offs and landings is very different to most of the training gliders , and it is vital to understand why they are more prone to swinging . Another inspector I know had problems with an innocuous piece written in a mildly conversational style . This was put up for vetting to a nominated superintendent whose instinctive response was to deny its submission , suggesting it looked as if it would be editorially unsuitable . He had come up against sterner stuff , however , and an assistant chief constable was called in to mediate and eventually agreed to send it on after the author urged that the editor of the magazine be allowed to decide ( fieldnotes 1988 ) . Even a letter to the Police Review can be regarded as a form of indiscipline : Writing to the Police Review But then she shrugged : every plot was so eminently forgettable , she could start again , once she was through . She watched her bare toe rub against the whitened concrete of the balcony . It was a nice toe , she decided . Here 's to you , toe , she said , raising her long clear glass of white wine and mineral water , where the ice cubes had long since melted . That 's what holidays were for looking at your toes , wandering on the beach , hours of sitting and staring , standing and staring , lying as long as you could bear in the sun with eyes closed . In this way , short - handed teams still have a chance to win and the match is therefore meaningful . A successful team may have to go through a number of fights during the course of a day 's competition so it is not at all unusual to see teams short - handed through injury in the final stages . Never be tempted to forfeit the last two bouts of a male team match , or the last bout of a female team match if you have already seen your team take the deciding first three/two victories . Although the opposing team has no chance of winning , any attempt to withdraw your remaining team - member ( s ) may well be rewarded by disqualification of the entire team for bad sportsmanship . Sometimes an event is at first delayed but then things happen fast . Morton saw that Leonard and Mrs Cohen were very close , and nothing emphasised this more than her willingness to take them and their friends out for meals , especially to a favourite Greek restaurant where she would be the life of the party , not least in singing , and encouraged by good wine which the restaurateur would ply them with in order to get the mood of the evening going . At other times she would refuse to let Rosengarten in the house , especially if Leonard had had a late night out . And woe betide both of them if Leonard failed to phone her if he decided to stay out and thereby wasted the food ! These were the high days of square - dancing . Chief of the musicians in that genre were Burl Ives and The Weavers . most injuries were to the head or the chest , so Alan 's were unusual . Last week Alan was not in bed at nine o'clock ; he was watching the news with Geraldine . When the news finished they bent over the Guardian TV page , deciding what to see next . It 's all rather heavy , Alan complained . Who on earth wants to watch a documentary about heroin addicts in Hong Kong on a Friday night ? It was a boat , a wooden boat for miniature Vikings , with a curved prow and a square sail of bright , woven silk . The old woman was making a clay animal ; the animal was a little like a lion , but it was not a lion . It was a gryphon , Susan decided . She walked on . Behind the summerhouse , on a stretch of grass , sat a man , cross - legged . With so many of us we ought to set a rota for cooking . And for chores . Before we even decide what to do today . Fit me in where you need , said Sara . I 'm taking the bike to the village . Soon she was in the moors . The rain fell steadily ; wet bracken brushed her bare legs . She stopped in the shelter of a stone wall , drank a cup of coffee , consulted the map and decided to aim for a twenty - five mile circuit which would bring her out , eventually , at the foot of the steep hill near the village . She rose to her feet and walked on ; every so often she checked her pedometer , as she clocked up five , ten , fifteen miles . It was still raining hours later when Sara returned to the cottage . It is in the last hundred years or so that theories have been advanced to justify critical or art historical practice , the creation of such theories being made more urgent in the last fifty years by a struggle to establish and then uphold the status of art history as an academic discipline . The study of Oriental art in the West has fared less well . A firm basis for the study of Oriental art came more slowly , and as we shall see , some of the differences of approach between East and West still require wider recognition . Moreover , other cultures , such as those of Africa , have had to wait until even more recent times for recognition . It is literature within the last three centuries , then , that provides the main choices for a reader . It is an additional pleasure to recognise his prophetic power of divining where the best art was to be found . Baudelaire argued for modernity , but he also strongly believed that a critic has the right to be partisan . He asserted the plain fact of the existence of differences in taste . In writing about Delacroix , he placed his hero in a pantheon of artists who were acknowledged masters of great decorative painting : Which is the greatest of these great men who differ so much from one another ? A Japanese example is the surimono , a friendly greeting for the New Year through a drawing and a message which complement each other. Here a measure of interpretation is integral to the work itself . The long - standing popularity of Japanese woodcut prints in the West has somewhat disguised differences in approach . The undeniable and striking formal qualities of composition in works by such masters as Hokusai and Hiroshige have had demonstrable effects on late - nineteenth - and twentieth - century European art . Nevertheless , such prints are not justly reduced even in description to mere compositional terms . A universal fellowship obtains . The definition of personality which is harboured in such procedures has moved and influenced several generations of writers . The art that comes of them is one in which imagination takes power , the power to distort and exaggerate , in which difference of person is suspended , in which the experience of time is as it is in dreams . The story that is told is a story which never ends and which risks losing shape and momentum because it is a story told of himself by a living author , an author who has yet to end , whose isolate 's imaginative fury lives on to tell another tale , some more of his own story . This fury can look like an onanistic or a solipsistic fury . You had to understand and project what made your character tick . A.R. When you work now with young actors do you notice great differences in their approach to acting from your own ? M.D. Well , the majority have begun on TV rather than weekly rep resulting in a gain in reality and a loss in audibility . Also , investment patterns in both parts of Ireland are increasingly similar , being a mixture of British , international , local , and cross - border companies . Internal commerce , from heavy machinery to domestic goods , largely ignores the border , and the high street banks are the same throughout Ireland . The main economic differences reflect the different structures of the state and the different state policies adopted by the British and Irish governments at any one time , though with a significantly higher state sector of employment in Ulster . There is likewise considerable overlap in cultural areas . There are strong similarities in inter - family and inter - gender relations . It was strongly influenced by the development and multiplication of the religious congregational system developed by Ignatius of Loyala , founder of the Jesuits and of the famous spiritual exercises or retreat system . The exercises were specifically directed to obtaining this effect . A main real difference in the experience which marked it off from fundamentalist and some pentecostal forms of conversion experience was that the outcome was not the assurance of being saved , but rather a spirituality of trust in Christ based on repentance and the conviction that God forgives repentant sinners . In this respect , it paralleled some forms of evangelicalism , particularly methodism . The trust implied fidelity or commitment , together with an abandoning of the old ways of sin and indifference for a total dedication to God 's will in Christ . As Bishop Empey argued to the synod : Somehow we have to nail the lie that permissiveness flows from the Church of Ireland and that morality is the sole possession of but one Church in this land ( Irish Times , 22 May 1986 ) . In submitting his report , Dominian stated : I have to say that if this room was filled by the Roman Catholic bishops of Ireland and they were pushing me very hard about divorce , I would have to say very clearly that their fear that civil divorce will make marital breakdown worse , or enhance or facilitate it my answer would be : No , it will make very little difference . But in justice I think a society needs civil divorce and that the real concern of the Church and the community should be to work at understanding prevention . ( Irish Times , 22 May 1986 ) Human artefacts are not children , he wrote . They are made , not born . The colossal error of nineteenth - century anthropologists like Tyler was to imagine that there was no difference . The reaction to this of Saussure , Lvi - Strauss and their followers part and parcel of the modernist reaction to nineteenth - century art and culture . But the metaphor goes on haunting us , he wrote . The glass , he wrote , challenges the tide . It interposes a delay . Though in the longterm , as I have said before , he wrote , it makes little difference , the tide always wins out , sooner or later all vanishes into the sea . Ignore the longterm though , he wrote . Ignore deliberately . Pabulum Consultants ' Jennifer Rust adds : They could also help themselves by thinking through a problem before phoning the support desk . In many cases a user will actually solve his or her own problem while on the phone to Neptune ! Users must also be encouraged to recognise the difference between a reception problem and a computer problem . We get calls from our customers , from receptionists , for example , who cannot balance at the end of the shift . This is , in most cases , simply a normal , everyday problem . The Acadmie Culinaire Meilleur Ouvrier de Grande Bretagne for service is exacting in its technical requirements . These are the only tangibles upon which an assessment of such a profession can be made . Unfortunately , the equally essential but less tangible skills which make the difference between the ordinary and superlative restaurant manager can hardly be judged in the short period of a competition . PROFILE WELSH WIZARDRY There are probably more Japanese working for top chefs than women in equivalent positions . If the kitchen climate is changing , it 's because working conditions have lost the barrack room brutality which once characterised what was a pretty sordid job in all but a handful of restaurants and hotels . The difference between most ARC members and professional chefs , male or female , is that the former have not been through the system . For the most part , they are self - taught . As such they belong to a distinct and long - standing tradition , that of the mres . Married Georgiana , widow of Sir Francis Destry , Bart Let 's see : Destry , Sir Francis , deceased 1914 , issue : Henry Edward They were step - brothers , Sir Henry and our Mr Merrivale , with only a year or two 's difference in their ages . Brought up together , most likely , said Ethel . It was revenge , revenge pure and simple . drop dead fred Our opener this year has been a runaway success in the States where the box office success of this relatively low budget film has taken everyone by surprise . The Festival now brings you the chance to see for yourself Rik Mayall and Phoebe Cates , in a tale of an imaginary friend with a difference . Mayall plays Fred , the obnoxious character summoned up by a mixed up young woman with hilarious and chaotic consequences . Rik Mayall 's name was all it took to persuade Ate de Jong to direct the film : I knew him from his work in THE YOUNG ONES . It must be understood that unless the geometric lock is felt , either the brakes are not locked , in which case a harder push is needed on the lever , or the locks themselves need adjusting . If it is the latter , the aircraft is unserviceable and must not be flown until the brakes have been re - adjusted . If the basic training is being done on a Falke , or on any other type of glider fitted with simple spoilers or airbrakes which do not have a lock , the differences must be explained . However , the method of checking should be just the same in order to establish the right habit . The cause of almost every incident where the airbrakes open during the launch is that the pilot has failed to lock them correctly . You just ask the doctor of your choice whether you can be taken onto their list . ETHNIC MINORITIES To take account of differences in language and culture a number of services are available for women from ethnic minority communities . Link workers Some health authorities and general practitioners employ link workers . This research at home is primarily about the society of the self and the self in that society . It encompasses an internal exploration of a personal history within a culture and inevitably differs in scale from much of the anthropology at home which has become one of the genres of the 1980s . Inevitably it has qualitative differences and is not easily written or smoothly integrated into the isms or historical categories of the discipline . Material obtained in such circumstances inevitably contains the seeds of a special inside knowledge , avoiding problems described by Liebow ( 1967 : 23256 ) , who was still separated by cognitive barriers while pursuing research in what was ostensibly his own society , and who found an insider 's language , education , and social membership all helped to retain boundaries he was unable to penetrate . The semantic ability of the insider to translate the hidden and the unspoken aspects of the cultural agenda which occur in any society should be especially productive in any analysis of the police , where a massive visibility at one level is matched by a secretive , hidden side to institutional practice . I suspect it is no accident the politics of the times seems to parallel the growing toughness of the police image , or that the police have taken on an increasing resemblance to the black - clothed enemies of goodness who sprinkle the popular science fantasy films such as Star Wars , Superman , and the like . In these mass cultural replays of the eternal dichotomy between good and evil , the use of highly symbolic black uniforms as an indicator of anonymous evil predominates . Within the separate police forces , the nuances of uniform difference were always embroidered by real polises to produce symbolic boundaries from which to assess other uniform wearers . Thus our contacts with firemen , St John Ambulance men , special constables , and the like were all used to define them as being somewhat unreal and therefore slightly less than human . Such groups were said to be like the foreigners in the adjacent forces , for it was constantly repeated that many wanted to join us but failed because of some inadequacy . We had to be 5 10 at least and most were 6 0 or over . They were dwarfs at 5 8 and were disparagingly said to need a helmet to help them appear big enough . Other differences of practice were exaggerated to suggest they were the foreigners and we were real . We could purchase our own houses while they lived in police colonies , denied the privilege of house purchase until they had fifteen years ' service ; this classified them as peasants , serfs , living in the feudal world of tithed cottages . After an eight - hour shift we went home off duty free men , while they in contrast went to their police houses and were available for discretional duty , at the call of the system twenty - four hours a day ; proving we were independent free men and they were slaves ! If the two girls compare notes one day , the New Yorker will complain about the useless articles she read ; the newspaper articles were almost always short , written maybe by hard - pressed critics who were only allowed short articles , further cut down by sub - editors . Still , by reading , and looking at Lee Krasner 's pictures in New York galleries , she was able to defend an independent liking for her SoHo artist . In London , it was a rather different story , since the literature available needed discrimination , much of it being historical and iconographic , establishing data of little interest to the art student . To her surprise , there proved to be perceptive judgements about qualities in Michelangelo 's work , almost hidden in catalogue entries ; more than one art historian , apparently , was not only learned but had an eye . ART CRITICISM AND ART HISTORY A teacher 's list for analysing pictures may be something like that of the American educationalist Thomas Munro : first impressions of the picture as a whole , line , light and dark , colour , mass , space , unity of design . Books on art appreciation will also concern themselves with formal questions , as they have done since the beginning of the century . In a book called How to Appreciate Pictures by R. C. Witt , written in 1902 , the chapter headings are not so different : drawing , colour , light and shade , composition , treatment , methods and materials . A supplementary approach to school art instruction is to draw attention to the types of subject in art , such as portraiture , narrative , landscape . This thematic method is combined in many introductory courses with formal analysis which is closer to the way that many artists describe pictures . In discussing Drer , he treated him as the most versatile artist of a triumvirate , whose other members were Marcantonio Raimondi and Lucas van Leyden . Of the latter he wrote , Lucas van Leyden is an artist of frailer calibre than Drer , and prone to lose himself in imitation of stronger men , each of his contemporaries in turn dominating his style . Another book about the age of Drer , but on a different topic , is The Limewood Sculptors of Renaissance Germany , by Michael Baxandall , published in 1980 . The author started his career in the Victoria and Albert Museum , where there is an important group of this sculpture ; his book had a double origin in a museum exhibition and a series of lectures . Divisions in the book are unusually clear , separate chapters being given to topics such as function , the market , or the historical and political background of the subject . When I see the Giotto frescoes at Padua I do not trouble to recognise which scene in the life of Christ I have before me , but I perceive instantly the sentiment which radiates from it and which is instinct in the composition in every line and color . The title will only serve to confirm my impression . In a different context , but also on the issue of religion , an American book on the Aztecs by the archaeologist Vaillant commented tartly : The Aztecs did not have a term for fine arts , nor did they speculate about aesthetics , nor make objects to be contemplated for their beauty alone . They had none of the socially sterile attitude towards art which we adopt in our own culture . Instead , he put a rich range of clear rainbow colours on his palette , replacing the dirty ochre colours with light and more luminous chromium colours , with the addition of Veronese green , ultramarine and lacquer colours , and following the Impressionist recipe in not mixing these colours with anything except white or closely allied colours . Interpretation of the artist 's work , however , depends on the artist 's own account , since Nordenfalk had the deliberate intention of presenting Van Gogh the writer and thinker . The sober intentions of his book were very different from the novels , plays and films which have created a mythical figure in modern culture of the artist as isolated and neglected , recognised only after his death , and whom the phrase genius and madness are near aligned seems to fit . The novel Lust for Life by Irving Stone , published in 1934 , is the most famous of these productions , popularising a vein of interpretation established early in the century by some of Van Gogh 's first advocates , such as the taste - maker Julius Meier - Graefe , who defended Van Gogh in 1906 , and went on to write a book in his praise in 1921 called Vincent . But this was a drama , the story of the circumstances of Van Gogh 's life ; No attempt has been made , wrote Meier - Graefe , to make a critical analysis of the pictures , which enter upon the scene only in so far as they concern the drama directly or indirectly . Sculpture parks are an enjoyable innovation of the late twentieth century , or perhaps it would be better to say a welcome adaptation of an existing practice . In the seventeenth century Louis XIV had a sculpture park at Versailles , but it surrounded his palace , and was more formally designed by Le Ntre , who needed sculptures for the focal points of his avenues . Twentieth - century sculpture parks are less rigidly planned , and intended to accommodate sculpture by artists in many different styles . The site can be adapted to suit the sculpture , which has a dominant role , unlike sculpture destined for the decoration of palatial gardens . Commemorative figures in city squares , portrait busts , tomb or cemetery furniture have also been traditionally restricted by the terms of commissions . A first broad division between types of exhibitions needs to be made . There are shows which could be grouped under the heading of historical exhibitions ; there are mixed exhibitions and group exhibitions of works by living artists ; and there are exhibitions in dealers ' galleries , notably solo shows . The catalogues which accompany these events have rather different characters , for although there are entries for the exhibited works in each sort of catalogue , and usually an introduction , historical catalogues often have additional essays . Catalogues of major shows have also become bigger and more expensive in recent years , usually through the help of national , industrial or commercial sponsorship . A characteristic historical exhibition may be called something like The Age of Rembrandt , or Shock of Recognition ; the landscape of English Romanticism and the Dutch seventeenth - century school ; both of these are actual titles . The nature of Burne - Jones 's aims and predilections in art are well - enough known by this time , and have been defined by himself absolutely fitted to this thought : I mean by a picture a beautiful romantic dream of something that never was , never will be in a light better than any light that ever shone in a land no one can define or remember , only desire . If any one element in his style is to be singled out as predominant , it is that haunting expression of far - away desire never absent from the eyes and lips , and conveyed in every gesture , feature and attitude . Giacometti was an artist with very different artistic aims , clearly expounded by Valerie J. Fletcher in a catalogue for an exhibition at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden , Washington , in 1988 . Writing about a small bust on a column , a thin sculpture in a series of four busts of which the others were fuller in form , she comments that the extremely thin proportions of the head contrast with the solidity of the base . So delicately modulated are the forms of the head that the human element appears ephemeral . Mathematical perspective of a Renaissance sort had not been used in European medieval art , where the size of a figure often derives from the person 's importance , God the father never being small . A perspective may be used which reverses the convergence of lines in the distance ; instead , lines of perspective converge in front of the viewer , an unexpected phenomenon for a twentieth - century spectator used to photographs . Again , in Chinese art perspective is different from its treatment in the West . There is one sort of Chinese perspective , seen as in the West from a level viewpoint , but this is only one of three treatments of space representation . It can be identified with p'ing yuan , when one is able to see from the near parts to the furthest parts . The point of making these comparisons is that artistic practices affect how a critic should describe a landscape . Suppose a scene is said to be in correct perspective ? This description could mean several different things . Yet such a comment may need to be made , nevertheless , to point out the quality of a picture . The critic who pays little notice to perspective or other means of representing the natural world will deprive a reader of help in enjoying the exceptional beauty of the natural appearance of Impressionist pictures , whose qualities are inspired by scientific understanding of light and its effects . Perhaps this is the more important in the late twentieth century now that this means of image - making is so familiar that some people actually imagine that a photograph shows the world as it is . In truth , the camera is a ruthless editor of visual information ; this can be made plain by looking at a picture , say of the eighteenth century , and comparing it with a contemporary print , perhaps an aquatint , and a modern photograph . The images carry different information . The physical make - up of dots in a photograph differs from the lines and granular surface of the aquatint ; the aquatint 's variations describe the picture more eloquently . The art of civilisations other than that of the West are now more readily visible through photography , and within the limitations of the medium , usefully so . Despite the cold wet wind blowing in hard from the street , the cloud of mephitic vapours lingered stupefyingly about our heads . Mephitic might be compared with Fraser 's ulcerous in Resentment wells up like an ulcerous vapour . Glasser 's vapours are different from Fraser 's . They stink , while Fraser 's are mental . Both men lived through the Depression , but Fraser 's depressions were only indirectly linked with the hardships of people he knew . After comparing lives with you for years I see how I 've been losing : all the while I 've met a different gauge of girl from yours . Grant that , and all the rest makes sense as well As for the different sort of girl known to the loser : The Facts presents , among its various dualities , the reminder that the one and only Philip Roth is like Saul Bellow . Bellow supported Roth 's early work , and Roth 's work was to bear a resemblance to Bellow 's . They are two of a kind , it seems to me , authors of a paranoid comedy of the dualistic imagination , while also different . Roth got to know Bellow in Chicago , where Roth worked as a university teacher , finding it a lively place . It was lively enough to marry Bellow to a stylish Radcliffe graduate of whom Roth had been enamoured if we are to assume that The Facts has not imagined the connection . But the literal Levi is a writer who has his own way of interesting himself in the contrasts which have been attributed to Babel . Levi was interested in action , purpose , work , and capable of them : and the capacity may have been formed in contention with a desire to withdraw and perhaps to give up. I think myself that this was the case , and that it scarcely makes him very different from many other hard - working people . The desire can be surmised , without recourse to hindsight , in some of what he wrote , but is far from being the point of what he wrote . Work is the supreme subject in Levi . There must be some affinity between you and the man or woman on the printed page something that you recognise not because you are just like that but because you feel that you can interpret the situation with those words . Let us look at Romeo and Juliet . One thing you can be sure of is that the panel will know the words of these characters very well ( they will probably be able to prompt you at any given moment should you dry ) but each and every time the lines are spoken by a new voice they are different in their texture , humour , drama and music . Bernard Shaw once described Romeo and Juliet as the impetuous march of music , and if ever there was a play of rich language , this is it . The music of the words is there to be used but not at the expense of the sense and emotional content . And the fact that you already have a good instinct for acting will probably have been the main reason why you passed your entrance audition for drama school . What you will eventually be working towards is a fusion of instinct and technique , and training is very largely to do with improving technical skills . At drama school , there is constant attention to a student 's control of both voice and movement , and the different departments work at developing a student 's overall acting technique . The emphasis will be on developing an actor 's mental and physical concentration , and giving him/her sufficient craftsmanship to sustain a performance . Classes A.R. Getting into drama school is highly competitive and requires an audition and interview . Later on in the profession itself the process goes on at a different level . What do you think of the audition system generally ? P.S . And to think , he wrote , that with all my previous work I barely knew what step to take first , let alone what step to take second , let us not talk about the third . Though it has to be said , he wrote , and Goldberg , his eye racing down the page covered in his friend 's tiny handwriting , paused to sip from the glass of fresh orange - juice at his side , wiped his forehead and went on typing , it has to be said that I have occasionally had the illusion that I knew what step to take first and even , occasionally , what step to take second , I will not talk about a third . There is of course no logical reason why things should be different this time , wrote Harsnet , why this too should not be an illusion , the illusion of imagining that I know not only what step to take first but also what step to take second and even what step to take third . No logical reason , he wrote , but that will not make me change my plans once I have begun . Night , he wrote , work on the big glass and on the notes for the big glass , day , sleep and write this freewheeling commentary on the entire project , viz. on the big glass and on the notes for the big glass . Trouble too on lower panel , right hand side , he wrote . Waterfall clutters too much . Need something different but do n't know what . Still hankering after round peep - hole but still afraid of damaging glass . Waterfall or ladder , he wrote . WHAT DO OTHERS SAY ? One of the nurses has been coming in to give me injections every day . They 've liaised with other organisations to make sure I 've got somebody coming in , even if it 's only to make me something to eat . I do n't know what I 'd do with them . Tony C London W4 In the article on his work which appeared in 1985 Levi is at one point examined with reference to Leviticus . She takes exception to a story of his about a Jewish Communist , an inhabitant of the camps , who fasts there on Yom Kippur . She observes that the prisoner is following a prohibition laid down in the Old Testament , but that a rabbinical ruling had allowed Jews to eat in the camps on Yom Kippur in order to stay alive . It is not clear why this is a reproach to Levi , whose story concerns a man whose piety is idiosyncratic , especially severe . Two years after this , in February 1987 , she praised a Gulag memoir by Gustav Herling . These statements are from The Wrench , where Faussone is good at his job and Levi is good at getting this across . There can be no doubt that he had an ear for what such people have to say for themselves . Faussone talks about the way we bent our elbows an expression ( for eating or drinking ) which I have heard spoken in English , but which I had never before seen written down in a book . Book - writers , Faussone says , produce works which may be beautiful and all that , but , on the other hand , even if they were a bit defective , excuse the expression , nobody would die , and the only loser is the customer who bought them . I have heard that before too , but not from any writer . What is required , he wrote , is to find an outlet for those energies , for those needs and desires , so that they do not turn inward and rend you to pieces , an outlet , he wrote , but never to imagine that what we do is ever going to be an everlasting achievement . Outlet , scribbled Goldberg in the margin , folly of belief in permanence . The trouble is , wrote Harsnet , that if you start with this insight it is difficult to go on and then the energies , the needs and desires , turn inward and eat you up. On the other hand , he wrote , if you do n't see this clearly at the start you only produce more crap and there 's enough in the world already . Honest crap you can flush down the lavatory , he wrote , but dishonest crap , of the kind produced by so - called artists , is more difficult to dispose of . Also Beuys , passing through , hat and horse , quite mad . He sent me a card , Paz said , just one line , Did Dada do dis or did e do dat ? I wrote back , Paz said , I told him , Dada dead as dodo eat your hat . He had n't , Paz said . Not when I saw him. Wittgenstein . Kafka . That is why producing yet more images , he wrote , is like eating cardboard . Nightmare , he wrote . Found myself out in the snow but the snow had turned into cotton wool . Times change , however , and today , under a somewhat different corporate regime , Heritage starts to smack of yesterday 's fashion , and one is not entirely sure what commitment remains . Already the other Tetley Heritage Pub in York , The Swan , is out on lease to an independent retailing chain . Moreover , the very same Tetley 's who so lovingly restored The Fox are now building , in the heart of a residential suburb not two miles away , an open - plan eating barn that contravenes all the accepted standards of enlightened and community - sensitive pub design . Reliance on the brewers ' better nature is a precarious sort of dependency , where today 's Jekyll can be tomorrow 's Hyde . Our pubs are forever at risk of corporate gimmickry and catchpenny fashions . ACADEMY MENU WAS BLAND AND FAT - LADEN I AM staggered that Frances Bissell should have chosen to praise the Academy of Culinary Arts/Charles Heidsieck awards menu ( Caterer Hotelkeeper , 2228 August ) . Was she actually there and , if so , did she actually eat any of the food ? My scepticism relates both to the planning and execution of this menu . First , I do not understand how anyone can possibly think that a menu which features one fat - laden course after another foie gras , creamy soup , fat - wrapped lamb , pan - fried potatoes , cheese and more cream in the mousse is a well - planned menu . As supplier The Pasta Company points out , pasta has a surprisingly low calorie count just 140 calories per 100g . Pasta contains complex carbohydrates so takes time to be digested . It is often eaten by athletes who require gradually released energy for long distance events . It is also low in fact and high in fibre . Well known pastas such as spaghetti and lasagne are still the best - selling products . Alibert fresh pasta from Olga Catering is also in special packaging , which is said to give it a guaranteed shelf - life of 60 days. Some pasta dishes , such as macaroni cheese and lasagne , have become British institutions in their own right . But nearly half of all the pasta eaten in Britain is the canned variety , which often owes little to its Italian ancestry . However , the more authentically Italian types of pasta are rapidly gaining ground and look set to continue in popularity . According to Bray , only wholemeal pasta has been unsuccessful . So many chefs feel their restaurant managers fail to do this adequately . Similarly , a good front - of - house manager can give the customer an insight and appreciation of the chef 's ideas and foods . Many guests visit restaurants with preconceived ideas of what they should eat . Therefore the restaurant manager and other front - of - house staff must use their skill to talk enthusiastically and intelligently about the menu so that customers will appreciate what the chef is producing , and dare to be adventurous . The restaurant manager can gain maximum exposure for the chef and enhance customers ' enjoyment of the food . This was a case of Gentlemen versus Players in the golden age when such distinctions still applied and when it was obvious to anyone with an eighth of an intelligence that no paid journeyman could ever begin to compare with the rapier - like amateurs who flitted with effortless superiority , solving one crime after another with a brilliant insouciance which was the dismay of the criminal fraternity , the envy of the constabulary , and a source of immense satisfaction to most of the upper middle class , especially those with an aptitude for the Times crossword . So when the great lady detective drew a hair from her head and stuck it across the lock on the front door of Sir Vivien 's motor car , Constable Quince said nothing . And when the great gentleman detective got hold of the village postman and subjected him to an interrogation which ranged from what he had eaten for breakfast to whether or not he possessed a wireless set and if so what he had listened to on the previous morning , Sergeant Bramble maintained a stoic countenance . At luncheon all four of them fetched up in the saloon bar of The Rose and Crown . A great detective might have considered this an astounding coincidence were it not for the fact that the hostelry was the only place in the whole of King 's Magnum Parva where a lady or a gentleman might obtain a meal . He got very worried and immediately sent for one of the consultants from the hospital . I should think so murmured Henry . And the consultant wanted to know what she 'd had to eat , of course Of course . Tom Witherington looked very solemn . And we want you to tell us everything you remember about it . Henry cast his mind back over the evening . I think we all ate the same That is one of the things that is making our enquiries difficult . Detective Inspector Milsom had his notebook at the ready . She came round for dinner one evening . I had prepared an unimaginative tunafish salad for the two of us in order to show off my new personal austerity programme . While we were eating , Anne started on a familiar topic . You 're still applying for the wrong jobs , she said , with more than a hint of exasperation . I keep telling you but you wo n't listen . Near London . She settled down to my right where Steve had just been sitting . Try and eat something , she said , offering me the sandwiches . I 'm not sure that I can at the moment , I said apologetically . I 've got a rather funny feeling at the bottom of my stomach . No. Well , look . I 'll get you some sandwiches and some more tea and once you 've eaten we can get down to some practical thinking about what you can do next . I do n't want to impose on you people , I She 'd gone to get the food . Plums can be harvested as they begin to show colour . For eating , leave to ripen fully on the tree . Prop up heavily - laden branches to prevent them breaking . She believes in growing the trees well by mulching every September and feeding in March and July . Dress with 4oz of sulphate of potash per cordon tree or per sq yd around bush trees . Her solutions to the most common pest and disease problems are ICI Benlate for mildew , grease bands for the leaf - eating loopers ( winter moth caterpillars ) , tar oil winter wash to deal with woolly aphids and pbi Malathion Greenfly Killer for other aphids . Rootstocks I 've had this shrub for a few years now but it has been a bit reluctant to bloom . But this year , it has finally decided to flower profusely , forming brownish clouds which drift hazily over the bush . And those flowers are literally buzzing with honey - making , pollinating bees and greenfly - eating hoverflies . Just let anyone come near it with a sprayer ! Tune in to Leave a window or door open for a week after storing to let the fruit sweat , and then keep cool , checking them occasionally for signs of decay . Pears are treated in much the same way , but are never wrapped . Most continue ripening in store until ready for the table , but a few varieties must be brought into the warm for a few days before they are ready to eat . Saving seeds Many gardeners collect and store seeds from their garden plants , which is an economical practice , especially in the case of outstanding vegetables , flowering plants and sports or other unusual forms . A soothing lotion like calamine can also bring relief . It is important to slow down , rest properly and to eat sensibly . Pregnancy . What you need to know . LOOKING AFTER YOURSELF Being healthy is more than a question of not being ill . Although the health services outlined in this book can give you vital help and treatment , you need to help yourself as well , by taking care of what you do and eat . Exercise Taking regular exercise is one of the healthiest things that women can do . Healthy Eating Eating regular nourishing meals is important to keep yourself fit and well . Make sure you eat a wide variety of the foods you enjoy . Go easy on fatty foods and avoid adding extra sugar but include plenty of fruit , vegetables and cereal foods in your diet . You also need to be aware of certain precautions that should be taken in the handling , preparing and storing of food . But I am here with you ! Jay made a reckless pledge , feeling ianthine waves lap her limbs into a sure promise of ecstasy . Lucy cooked pasta , Jay could hardly eat , and lit a cigarette as soon as decently possible . Smoke curled , wine flowed , and Lucy put her fabulous legs on a chair , smoking too , the most relaxed thing Jay had ever seen her do . You write , said Lucy . And why had she and Dionne never fallen In Love ? Perhaps it would have been too easy : they 'd made love the first night they met , both involved with women who gave them pain . Then on , they 'd got it on from time to happy time , eaten together every week , seen movies , theatre , films , drag , done disco , reggae , boogie Why not fall in love with someone you actually like and feel easy with ? Jay was now In Love with the impossible Lucy , Dionne went for butch crewcut teenagers , and they hugged each other 's hurt away and made love like some people offer Kleenex and brandy in times of stress . Don did not have backache that night . He did not have a headache although he listened to his old albums at full volume . He did not have indigestion although he ate ready salted crisps with his whisky . Nor was he in the least tired until well after midnight . The next night he remembered to pick up a video on the way back from work . And no tinned baked beans please . Sara went upstairs to the front bedroom , dumped her knapsack on the floor , took off her socks and shorts and sat on one of the beds . She remembered the sandwich she had packed , but not eaten . She took it out of the knapsack , poured coffee from the thermos and ate and drank . She would lie on the bed just for a moment , she thought before starting dinner . She tipped the fish into the sink and began to clean them . She planned to grill them until their skins were brown and crackly . She would eat hers with mustard , a green salad and French bread . Fresh fruit afterwards with cheese . Simple , quick , delicious . Matthew ? No , Luke was the one . I 'm wondering what to eat first , Maggie said . Is it safe ? His blue eyes widened with the question . How could she compare the task of dusting and polishing the magnificent English furniture to the drudgery of cleaning our house , where there were only tom rags , a broom and a pail of water , and you had to go down on your knees to scrub the floor and do the endless piles of washing by hand ? The man at the British customs was much sterner than the magistrate who came from the capital to investigate crimes committed in our village . This man would forget the purpose of his visit , at least for a brief spell , and the fact that he was on official business , and drink tea and eat a good meal in the prosecutor 's house , crack jokes and make amiable conversation , and sleep through the heat of the day . The British official behind his high desk asked me numerous questions which I did n't understand . When all I could reply were the two forlorn words , No English , he asked me if I knew French . The crowd was full of pickpockets , as I pointed out to him , and I could have easily said , well , I am sorry Oscar , but you know it is one of the risks here . I bought him a red hot , a sort of sausage on a roll with mustard . He would n't eat it , so I did . Later when he was hungry , he ate three of them in a row , washed down with bottles of beer which he said he did n't much care for . American beer , pooh . The amount of calories a person needs each day is determined by the type of work they do , the exercise they take and their metabolic rate . It is very simple to work out the amount of calories needed each day . For 7 days count the calories in every piece of food you eat and every drink you consume . Add these amounts together and then divide the total by 7 . This will give you your average daily calorie intake . The length of time for these processes to occur is very short ( up to 6 seconds ) . After this the energy is supplied by the breakdown of muscle glycogen into lactic acid . Glycogen is produced from complex carbohydrate , and therefore the energy required for training is ultimately derived from the complex carbohydrates you eat . It is possible to break down fat to use as energy when you are training , but it is essentially glycogen which is the energy source . In order to ensure that enough glycogen is present for training , carbohydrates should make up approximately half of your daily diet . The staff had been recruited and trained with a new professionalism ; and the new methods now began spreading into the rest of station catering , bringing to the name Travellers - Fare a new credibility and respect . Marketing too underwent a revolution ; old names the Tournament at Paddington , the Golden Frame at Sheffield were out , while in came the snappy new Quicksnack or Station Tavern that proudly proclaimed a new image nationwide . Everywhere , too , customers were finding much nicer things to eat . Sandwiches nearly 7 million sold on stations in 1985 lost their curly image ; the new order was Tuna Cucumber , Salami Coleslaw , or BLT bacon , lettuce and tomato . The immediate success of these fillings , and the brown bread they came in , reflected John Bull 's broadening palate . The answer is relatively straightforward . The diet they 're being fed does n't contain enough energy or calories . That 's why your dogs are eating so much . They 're craving calories ! No matter how much they eat of their current food , they just ca n't get enough energy from it . The introduction of acupuncture apparently restores this balance when it 's been lost . It may sound rather fanciful to our western world , but many such ancient ideas are associated in some way with established scientific fact . Surely the proof of any pudding , however , is in the eating and there is little doubt that acupuncture has gained credence and acceptance in the past decade or so . There is no guarantee it will work on any specific case the first treatment often causes the condition to briefly worsen . Most vets work on the assumption that if , after the third session , no improvement is noticed , acupuncture is not going to be effective . My 10½ ; - month - old Bearded Collie is obsessed with wood . At home he has chewed the door frame and part of the back door , as well as the kitchen cupboards , although these were done when he was a lot younger . However , he is still obsessed with wood and eating it in the park . He picks up sticks and sits down to eat them . I try to get them off him but am not always successful . At home he has chewed the door frame and part of the back door , as well as the kitchen cupboards , although these were done when he was a lot younger . However , he is still obsessed with wood and eating it in the park . He picks up sticks and sits down to eat them . I try to get them off him but am not always successful . I 've taken some of his toys with me to get his attention , which works for a while but he soon loses interest . This is why reviewing is not properly speaking criticism , though it calls for critical qualities , and an extended review - article , looking at a whole oeuvre , may well be . This is true in all aspects of culture . If we are discussing a football match or a meal in a restaurant , then at the very least we should all have seen the match or eaten the meal . Furthermore , we should have a shared understanding of the rules of discourse about such subjects . A proper discussion of a football match cannot occur if one of the participants is quite ignorant of the rules of the game ; and the kind of assessment of a restaurant meal that would involve the possible insertion of the establishment into a good food guide ( or perhaps its deletion from it ) will not get very far if one of the diners does not care for the meal because his idea of a gastronomic treat is a cheeseburger and french fries ( though within the order of the burger discriminations are possible ) . The skin not waxy , but translucent ; the texture not oily , but clean and dry . It still looks like a foot , but a very nice foot really . Affecting nonchalance , I pluck it up , and begin nuzzling ; and , yes , it is a fairly rewarding sort of thing to eat . Not much flavour , but a fibrous - to - spongy chewiness which sets it apart from the average savoury snack . Now for the sheep 's eyes . Each feels sorry for himself . Each is lyrical . But the lyricism of the character Klima can be considered an element in the lyricism of Ivan Klima , and be thought to encounter there its own critique . As for that business of going to the police , I am sorry I mentioned it . There is nothing in the stories to suggest that either of these lyrical Klimas has the makings of the hero of the state imagined by Kundera . One of his particular enjoyments at camp was the log - fire singing , whose ebullience and rhythms remain with him even today , many of them drawn from The People 's Song Book . By this time the guitar had made its popular impact , and in just five years time it would be considered virtually the instrument of musical expression . On one of his walks through Murray Park ( now King George VI Park ) he encountered a young Hispanic who was playing the guitar to himself . Leonard talked him into giving him a lesson . It went well , as did the second and the third lessons . The quintet is Peter Verkhovensky 's plaything . He tricks its members into thinking they are part of a revolutionary network extending across Russia , and at the local level he generates pseudo - purposeful activities which culminate in Shatov 's murder . There 's a littleness about it all : again it must not be seen as mere chance that we encounter Swift 's Lilliput on the first page of the novel . This littleness is at once paltry and menacing and never in repose . One of the members of the quintet bears the quaint name of Tolkachenko . Very loudly ( ad for some time before ) , a tailor had been singing as he sat at a window in a comer of the yard . He sat at his work ad I could see him. It occurred to me that as I had met nobody as I walked through the gate and went upstairs , there was no need to encounter anyone now , going down , and I moved my chair from the window . I picked up a book , but put it down again and began looking at a tiny red spider on the leaf of a geranium , ad lost count of time . I remember everything to the very last moment . The signals from the two switches are fed to two operational amplifiers configured as simple RC low - pass filter/integrators . A second pair of amplifiers provide additional outputs at higher sensitivity . The first stages are fitted with input offset adjustments just large enough to cancel the largest field likely to be encountered , namely the total inclined component in the middle latitudes . They also have a gain setting which will allow a field of this magnitude not to overload the output of the stage . This is useful in setting the zero field output correctly . In the following year another cable was laid , consisting of four copper wires 1.7mm in diameter , insulated with gutta percha and tarred hemp . Strengthening was by an armoured shield of 7.6mm iron wire and it established the standard for undersea cable design for years to come . But two major problems were encountered ; the cable 's weight and the fact that it fell short of its intended destination . However after successful joining of an additional length , the task was completed on the November 13 , 1851 . It was the first truly successful undersea cable , continuing in business for the next 24 years . THOMI KELLER is the outstanding figure in the history of international rowing . He was President of FISA ( Federation Internationale des Societes d'Aviron ) , the world governing body , for 30 years ; and most of this body 's attitudes and practices reflect the force of his strict , but genial personality . Most athletes first encountered him as a voice , bellowing in multi - lingual fury at officials who had broken rules or arrangements designed to make racing safer or more fair . He was elected to succeed Gaston Mullegg as President of FISA when he was 33 and still competing in the Swiss rowing team . He did not loosen his links with the athletes when projected upwards into the Presidency . Other stretches of railway track were sealed off . The actions were taken to prevent thousands more emigrants jumping on to a series of trains bound for the West , which last night began carrying out 11,000 East Germans who had found sanctuary in Prague . The first of the 10 special East German Reichsbahn trains finally left Prague at 5.30 local time , almost 24 hours late , reflecting the difficulties encountered by the East Germans in clearing the tracks . West German officials said they understood the trains would be sealed from the inside , and would take roundabout routes to evade jumpers - on . Another 500 East Germans came out through Hungary in the 24 hours to yesterday morning , bringing the total who have left since Hungary opened its borders on 11 September to 26,500 . Two of the largest US airlines , Delta and Northwest , offer the air bargain of the year : unlimited travel on their domestic networks for 30 days for 399 , about 8 a day . My itinerary was unambitious compared with those of some of my fellow standbys . Judging by the number of young Germans I encountered , wanderlust has gone haywire . They seem driven by a Teutonic determination to rack up as many airline meals as possible . Just as Inter - railers traditionally take overnight express trains to get a night 's sleep , so small teams of Germans are roaming North America , checking the schedules carefully for flights with catering or overnight trips which save on accommodation . The only issues to be explored systematically are those of negotiating access ( for example , Fox and Lundman 1974 ; Holdaway 1982 ) , and the effects of gender on practice in the field ( for example , Easterday et al . 1977 ; Hunt 1984 ; Warren 1988 ; Warren and Rasmussen 1977 ) . However , until very recently , the leading ethnographers of the police made few disclosures on the difficulties they encountered , implying that their entry into the field and relations with police officers were unproblematic . Although often studying less controversial forces than the RUC , this panglossian portrayal has to be disbelieved , especially as the authors often indicated in an occasional footnote , or in a revealing preface or aside , that they faced problems in the field similar to our own ( for example , see van Maamen 1981 : 479 , 492 ; Westley 1970 , p. vii ) , even when the research was covert ( Holdaway 1982 , 1983 : 12 ) . The only exception to this is the discussion of the likely reactive effect caused by the presence of observers ( McCall 1975 ; Policy Studies Institute 1983b : 1115 ; Reiss 1971 ; Softley 1980 ; Southgate and Ekblom 1986 ; Steer 1980 ) , although no serious doubt is put on the validity of observational data on the police . On one level , it did not prevent some respondents expressing disparaging remarks about Catholics , nor dissuade them from giving opinions on controversial political issues . On a deeper level , however , as we shall see in later chapters , the identity category Catholic is , for the majority of policemen and women , not an all - inclusive typification in which every Catholic is categorized alike . Most members of the RUC we encountered used an interpretative process which contains a set of typifications for distinguishing between good and bad Catholics , as for good and bad people generally . Once the field - worker was categorized as conforming to their typification of a good Catholic ( the meaning of which we will outline elsewhere ) , then her religion was no longer as important as it appears at first sight , although the extent to which it had a residual effect is impossible to estimate . But it only remained of crucial importance to that small minority of bigoted constables who classify all Catholics as equally evil and nefarious . Police work involves so much bloody paperwork these days and a lot of boring stuff that a family row can quite spice up a night . ( FN 4/12/86 , pp. 23 ) In contrast , the effect of dealing with domestic disputes can be traumatic on some policemen as they momentarily place their own children and family in the situation of emotional horror they encounter . However , it is generally the case that violence against women provokes no strong emotion in policemen . Faragher ( 1985 ) found that police in Great Britain downgraded the seriousness of violence against women in the home , for although formal regulations state that it is to be treated as an arrestable offence , policemen often redefined the incident as lying outside law enforcement ( emphasized by Policy Studies Institute 1983b : 64 ) . It would have been more accurate to say that all policemen and women should have such a role , for unfortunately many do not ( see Trojanowicz and Pollard 1986 ) . It was an attitude like this which made the individual transfer to community relations in the first place , as all those in Easton 's Community Relations Unit did , one even from the Traffic Branch . This self - selection process ensures that the Community Relations Branch attracts people with enthusiasm and the necessary personal qualities which make them enjoy work with youngsters , and not one member of the Community Relations Branch we encountered in Easton and elsewhere expressed anything other than pleasure and enjoyment from working with youngsters . Such enthusiasm makes them appear eccentric compared to policemen and women on the sections . The marginality they experience within the force might lead them to exaggerate their job satisfaction , but this cuts both ways , for the unpopularity of community relations among many ordinary members of the RUC guarantees it will not appeal to any but the committed , and section duties already afford the work - shy many opportunities to hide . All across the board , we get kids from every walk of life . However , later on in the conversation she said they very rarely encountered juvenile offenders from grammar school , most would be educationally subnormal or at least well below average . Citing the case of one of the juveniles whom I had encountered the previous week : WPC . See , that family , big thick file . Cpl . Bob Stonehouse , JSPRS , took the photograph of WL747 flying along the coastline near Episkopi on its way to say goodbye to the RAF and to join WL757 at Paphos . On each flight to Cyprus six groundcrew were on board to cope with any problems encountered en route and to remove the avionics not included in the sale . It may seem early for Air Mail to wish readers a happy Christmas ! This , however , is what we do , together with a big Thank you for all the news and views that you 've given us in 1991 . Human existence , for Marx and Engels , occurs in terms of people 's concepts , which are incorporated in their mode of life and their subjective experience , but it is from man 's interaction with nature and from the history of this interaction that these ideas , beliefs , and values are created in the first place . The argument runs like this : at any particular time people apprehend natural material circumstances through their ideas , and they therefore act in terms of these ideas , beliefs , and values . Therefore , in history it is not nature and technology which makes human society but it is man himself , who in terms of his already existing ideas and values , makes his own history , as he encounters nature and the problems it poses . These already existing ideas and values are , however , themselves the product of previous encounters and answers to the challenge of nature . This means that the relation of ideas and practical problems can only be understood as part of the process of history . For instance , the whole episode of the homosexual 's gingerly desperate coming out in a hostile society is achieved in a genuinely moving manner , so that one can easily forgive the hesitancies and lack of narrative drive that is sometimes apparent elsewhere . Reefer And The Model has its flaws , but it is trying for something extra . And I would always prefer that to the smooth and empty professionalism one so often encounters these days. This is also true of the Canadian A Winter Tan ( ICA Cinema , 18 ) , a cooperative effort by five film - makers that is even more challenging to received assumptions and inhabits an even more dangerous area that of female sexuality . Taken from the letters of Maryse Holder , posthumously published as Give Sorrow Words , the film graphically and with total honesty describes the writer 's descent into a hell of her own making on a Mexican vacation from feminism in search of happiness . Dr Samuel Johnson , the most famous son of Lichfield , in the south of the constituency , described it as a city of philosophers . Faced with the poll tax , most of its modern citizenry have sounded distinctly unphilosophical these past few weeks . A Tory campaign machine on full throttle generally encountered sour looks and sullen stares . Depressingly , the Labour party managed to run an entire campaign without exposing its candidate to genuine scrutiny at public meetings . As in the 1987 general election , the Conservatives were readier to put themselves on the line to be made fools of , as might be , by voters and journalists . So it is not implausible for critics to say that the solid - state detectors are unreliable and somehow bring about a sharp distortion in the spectra . Nobody has convincingly worked out how such a distortion might occur , but the notion that odd things can happen in the solid state is firmly entrenched in many minds . The problems encountered when making a 17 keV neutrino fit with what is known about the universe are the second reason for scepticism . The standard model of particle physics , which explains everything seen until now by particle experimenters , contains three generations of subatomic particles . Each generation has four members : two quarks , an electron - like particle and a neutrino . A genuine but mundane antiquity can have its value increased enormously by the addition of a unique feature , or of a historical association such as a royal cipher . Given the complexity of many of the objects , and the almost endless possibilities of treatment that could have befallen them , the scientist needs the collaboration of the art historian , in addition to a very wide experience of antiquities and knowledge of the technical processes of the past , in order to reconstruct as much as possible of a particular object 's background history . Some of the scientific methods and problems encountered are exemplified below by specific case histories . The main approaches to the scientific detection of fakes are : the study of composition and methods of construction to see if they match the supposed age of the object ; examination for evidence of aging , such as the formation of a patina ; and the application of archaeological dating techniques , which can at least give an indication of age and in some cases an actual date . Scientific dating techniques These philosophers and reformers believed that promotion of happiness could safely be entrusted to men and women themselves , without divine intervention , since they were innately good ; but some had misgivings about how to hold onto Christian charity . Could they jettison Christian faith and hope , without loss of moral standards ? Their aspiration to hold everyone at the ethical level of the enlightened bourgeoisie encountered the strong disapproval of Friedrich Nietzsche , who wrote under the heading : G. Eliot They have got rid of the Christian God , and now feel obliged to cling all the more firmly to Christian morality : that is english consistency , let us not blame it on little blue - stockings la Eliot . In England , in response to every little emancipation from theology one has to reassert one 's position in a fear - inspiring manner as a moral fanatic He moved into the farthest room , which had a tiny square of window set in its far wall and overlooking the rear driveway . It was a small dark place with a dank smell , the coolest of the three rooms and often used for stacking the carcasses of rabbits , chickens and turkeys . Frankie groped around on the shelves until his fingers encountered a deep plate . He reached in with both hands , only to shrink back in horror when he encountered something cold and clammy beneath his hand . The plate contained pigs ' trotters . Everything came at you like a meteor , blasting out sound and colour and light . Local order - wardens mixed with the general population , smiling and laid - back . There was none of that back - of - the - neck prickle of fear and guilt associated with encountering the zone patrols back at Taler 's Bump . Was it possible for such a large amount of people as inhabited Athena Gardens to be genuinely so cheerful and contented ? Elice , ever a harbinger of gloom , was ready to point out that Athena Gardens was but one sector of Arcady . They looked at each other , without moving . They were alone in the middle of acres of oak , hundreds of yards away from the nearest path . It would have been a sensible place in which to have encountered a loving creator , but it was a wretched spot for a pale and spindly child to fall victim to the predatory hunger of an Italian prisoner of war with a tobacco tin filled with metal rings made in the camp workshop three miles away across the woods . You with anybody ? the Italian demanded again . As he spoke his eyes were darting around and between the trees , seeking their own answer . Now I had a new mission in life to ensure that every tinker caravan in Ireland contained a picture of a donkey dancing while a devil played the fiddle . When I had run out of paper , I bowed to the boys and departed . On my way out , I encountered a dignified , round - faced tinker grandmother , a big lady in a shawl and long dress that swept the ground . She returned my greeting politely . It was suppertime , so I made my way to the Roscommon chip shop . I have n't worked with him , alas , for twenty - five years . The sociological point is well made but it is the parenthetical alas that registers the musician 's feeling . The remoteness of the man of power is something people who encountered Karajan often claimed to have found . When Christian Steiner took some much - discussed photographic portraits of Karajan in 1972 , he reported on the apparent remoteness and introspection of the subject . Since Karajan had a love - hate relationship with the camera , loathing its intrusions into music - making in the concert hall and uneasy with formal portraits , Steiner 's observations have to be seen in their context , though it is undoubtedly the case that there was a quality of coolness and detachment about Karajan that shaped some of his music - making and made him , among other things , so formidable an interpreter of Sibelius and late Mahler . At that time I was still on good terms with the General Intendant and he said , you should come to the rehearsals . It was a revelation . The Isolde was Germaine Lubin gracious , noble , the most wonderful Isolde I have ever encountered , better than any of those endless German cannons who have sung the role . I remember also during that summer I thought it would be a nice idea to show Lubin some of the wonderful churches near Bayreuth . There are two in particular I thought she might like . They squatted down on a narrow ice ledge . They were at the foot of the Summit Icefield : only about 150 feet to go , and the weather reasonable . The two Swiss in the three - man rope , Wyss and Gonda , had encountered the third , a Russian , at the base of the Exit Cracks . The solo climber was in a bad way , and they invited him to rope up with them . He spoke to the others now : So we 've almost done it ! The nursing home to which her husband has her committed after her eccentricity has become dangerous , and from which she and the other residents are eventually ejected to be cared for by an amorphous community , might have been lying in wait for her from the day she was born . My House in Umbria is narrated by the owner of the house , whose life , though more colourful , is no happier . LETTERS FROM MY FATHER ed by Amanda Allsop Alan Sutton , 4.99 I USED to encounter Kenneth Allsop frequently in the Sixties when we broadcast together on BBC book programmes . He was a delightful colleague , amusing and sympathetic , and his suicide in 1973 in his early fifties came as a shock to his many friends . His letters to his daughter Amanda , accompanied by her explanatory editorial notes , reveal him to have been something of a tender tyrant in his dealings with his three children , and much happier in the country watching birds than in London coping with editors and producers . Labour put forward its science spokesman , Dr Jeremy Bray , a former Cambridge mathematician . The Liberal Democrats were represented by Dr Margaret Sharp , a candidate and economist from the Science Policy Research Unit , who helped develop their science policies . Though greeted with nothing like the derision that met Howarth 's six - page statement , the spokesmen encountered a fair degree of scepticism . The greatest applause went to a young researcher who highlighted the poor career opportunities she faced . Bray said the Government had starved British science of resources and pledged that Labour would increase civil research and development as quickly as possible from 1.8 per cent of GDP to 2.5 per cent . These factors help to explain why the total number of clients covered at any one time by our London 24 hour on - call service more than doubled from 70 in April 1990 to 150 by March 1991 ; and why the provision of service has had to become so much more sophisticated . For example the numbers needing opiates to control pain are rising and up to one in five will need special battery - operated syringe pumps to deliver medication in the home . Over the next twelve months we expect a further increase in those needing our Home Care service to enable them to live and die at home . P. Dixon , Postgraduate Medical Journal ( in paper No 17/Napp July 1991 ) . Help to stay at home : He recalls , When I was sentenced I thought I 'd be killed straight away . Even when I went to prison it was n't explained to me . I sat in my cell expecting to be called out for execution at any moment . I remember feeling really happy when I was told I had at least six or seven years to live . That makes me angry now . Keats placed him among the stars , where Keats himself , for similar reasons , was to be placed by Shelley . Chatterton became a topos , and the numbers lisped : O Chatterton , how very sad thy fate , Flow gently , sweet Chatterton , Good for you , Chatterton . Readers can be expected to spot which of these quotations are forgeries , and they must also have doubted in their time whether this writer was as good as the early tributes made out . It seems clear , however , that Chatterton needn't have had prodigious talent for the talent expended in the novel to take effect . It is a novel which communicates the notion that talented and untalented meet in that country of the mind where everyone copies and steals from everyone else , where everything is reproductive or reminiscent of everything else , where one thing leads to another and this person passes into that . All knowledge of life and lives , and indeed of history , is a good in itself , and seems likely to inform literary intelligence ; and in addition Amis 's novels would rather confuse if thought to be the work of an early Tudor writer . Beyond this , the use of biography , its actual ability to throw light ( rather than just to be entertaining and nice to have around ) , seems to be a fantasy . Kenner 's fantasy is being discussed in terms of the view with which Kenner can be expected to be very familiar that the goals of a biographically - minded criticism are in some measure fantastic . Beyond this , however , leaves indefinite the point at which , or frequency with which , the use of biography deserves to be called by that name . She is saying that this good thing , this knowledge , can be used to tell us , for example , that Amis is not a Tudor writer : but she is rather more moved to say at the same time that it ca n't or can hardly be used , devoted as she is to the thought of a separation between , in this case , Amis 's friendships and politics , his life and his art . But you are expected to be competent with such material even if you feel this is not what you would eventually choose to work with . The classical text is for the panel to see your present abilities , your imaginative range and your capacity as a thinking actor . And while you are not expected to be perfect ( who is , ever ? ) you are expected to have something to offer . The classical audition Shakespeare is the most widely known and read of the classical playwrights and it is for this reason that a piece from one of his plays is nearly always obligatory at a drama school audition . I might look well with a hobby . If you have a private sideline , that 's it . No - one expects you to present the result . You can do it when you come home from work and you 're all right at week - ends . i could dance . I could be taught . She says , too , you have to relate the mental intention to the physical action . Most drama training works on the assumption that there is something called standard English , which is generally considered to be the straight delivery of words without affectation or regional variation . This means that actors are expected to be able to control any regional or foreign accent which is natural to them , and deliver a text in what may best be called the classical style . It does n't mean that your regional accent is going to be bullied out of you , so that you are unable to use it ever again on the contrary , your accent may in all probability be your most interesting and valuable possession . And good voice training will make your natural delivery sound ten times better than when you first started training . Equity entry is of crucial concern to the large numbers of trained and talented drama school finalists seeking to enter the business every year . Membership of Equity , then , is no guarantee of employment it simply gives the member a chance to be considered for the work that is available . No new actor should expect more . There are those who think that all drama students who graduate from drama school should be given an Equity card when they receive their diploma ; to me , this is naive . The present situation in 1990 is that would - be members can become provisional members by the following means ; by being offered an engagement by any company or management which operates under the Quota system by agreement with Equity and the Theatre Managers ' Association . The belief is still popular that such a race exists , rather than there merely being a cultural group based on nationalist , republican , and catholic religious sentiment . It is a belief which has intellectual credence in Ireland ( O'Tuathaig 1986 and M. M. Ireland 's responding letter , Irish Times , 8 Dec. 1986 ) . Theoretically , one would expect the Northern catholic community and the six counties of Ulster to be considered a lost remnant , unredeemed from British rule , and indeed this is by far the most popular interpretation . But , of course , the problems that arise out of this interpretation are twofold . Firstly , there is the problem of the protestant population itself in the North . But there was in any case no doubt that the areas of the family , education , and public morality constituted part of the sacred sphere . One explicit guiding principle of papal teaching which came to influence the Irish constitution and successive debates culminating in the church state imbroglio of 1951 , dealt with below , was that of subsidiarity : that no secondary institution such as the state should take on duties which primary and intermediate ones , such as the family , could assume . Secondary institutions were also expected to assist primary ones in fulfilling their essential tasks . The principle took on particular importance in the light of the development of totalitarian communism , and the Roman church saw the threat to be endemic in the growth of the modern state apparatus , including its welfare institutions . It is also important to notice how easily such a principle supports personal enterprise and property in its contemporary form , capitalism . there must be , there has to be a separation between Church and State and we totally endorse and emphatically reiterate that , but the separation between Church and State does not mean a separation between conscience and the electorate 's responsibility in voting . We cannot expect voters to leave their conscience behind them when they go to the polling booth . Inevitably we would expect that those who freely accept the teaching of our Church will vote according to their consciences . This is all we ask of them . But we must have the right to carry out our duty to impart the moral convictions , the moral teaching of our Church to our own members . I have always had reasonable live - in accommodation ( having inspected it before accepting a position ) and , although on certain days I have worked non - stop , on others I have been very quiet and still received the same salary . I think this is a fair balance . As for sociable hours , I would not be in this trade if I expected to work nine to five , Monday to Friday . True , in some instances the USA does offer better conditions than the UK , but Americans also possess a positive mental attitude towards success and achievement . My advice to young people thinking of going into catering is to gain as much information as possible , try it and judge for yourself . The CHAMPS installation will certainly meet that aim , and the interface of all its facilities allows us to manage the hotel while enabling guests to deal with their affairs in a quick and effective manner . Data Sciences also supplies software for other sectors , notably financial , manufacturing , and aerospace . The company is expected to offer shares to its employees when it is allowed to do so , and a Stock Market flotation could follow in two , three or four years ' time according to Mr Smith . High - tech investment at Fairfield Manor YORK - based Croft Hotels is investing 80,000 in training and presentation equipment for its Fairfield Manor Hotel , near York . How successful a computer installation is will depend largely on how clearly the customer and the supplier have defined , at the outset , what the system is supposed to achieve . As Checkout Computer Systems ' Tim Webb points out , people 's expectations of technology often exceed the computer 's remit . The most frequently asked question is : What does the customer expect to derive from the implementation of electronic point of sale ( EPoS ) ? Webb says . The answers are wildly varied but generally appertain to improvements in control and standard of service . Pabulum Consultants ' Jennifer Rust comments : Many companies will only invest in the minimum training required to get the system up and running ; it is not surprising in these cases that the systems are not being used to their full potential . Management should regard a full training schedule as part of the total cost of the system and include this total sum in the system 's payback calculations . The computer system will only bring the returns that the company expects if the people using it are using the system fully , which can be guaranteed through investment in adequate training . It must also be noted that the computer systems generate information and it is how this information is used that influences the returns on the total package . The onus is on the company to ensure that staff are making intelligent decisions on the information that the computer system provides and this comes from in - house training . Gulf War spin - off aids stocking INTEREST in portable computers of all kinds has been stimulated by the Gulf War , when everything from tanks and armoured vehicles to airmen 's flying helmets were fitted with a range of increasingly smaller and more rugged technology . Industry in general is expected to inherit many of the benefits in the future . Pilots ' helmets with miniature built - in video screens may not have obvious applications in hotels and restaurants , but there are several defence - led developments which do , and which will increasingly be seen around the industry . Typical of these is the GRiDPad , a ruggedly built , pen - operated computer made by GRiD Computer Systems . All you will ever need to know about each variety is there : history ; scientific properties ; handling advice ; and translations of the fruit 's name into French . Finnish or whatever . You cannot expect a reference book to be quite as gripping as an adventure novel , but all the same I read it cover to cover . The book is also a work of art . The illustrations are stunning . Well , are you sure ? I mean , do n't you Well , do n't you sometimes expect to find mysterious deaths wherever you go ? Sven Hjerson nodded slowly . Yes , he said . Did anyone help you to get the cakes out of their containers for the judging ? Peggy asked . I mean , I expect it 's difficult to manage without harming them . No each lady had personally placed her cake on the long table without assistance . But then Mr Clancy and Mr Venables , who had been standing by to offer encouragement , had fallen into an argument concerning position . Anyway , I was dusting in the library on the morning they all left , and I remember Mrs H. - S. and Sir Harry walking into the library , he was looking very suspicious and upset , and both were talking very Low . Well , I slipped out , of course , as mistress likes us to They expect servants to be invisible , but they expect the work to be done all the same , put in Ethel . anyway they never saw me , but before I went I heard her say , in a slinky sort of voice . It would be a pity if your wife got to know . Young Mr Merrivale came here to get it . I do think he 's noble ! I expect he hoped to have as little as possible to do with her , but when she made a dead set at him , as she did at all young married men , that was no longer possible . He had to improvise . That was what he came up with . How does ten - thirty suit you ? I stood him up. For one thing , I was genuinely upset by what had happened ; for another , I knew it was pointless expecting him to change his mind . I was diplomatically ill for a few days and then I returned to my normal work . Already , though , an idea had settled in my mind . Thanks . The same to you . One of the great unanswered questions in my life is why Mrs Spence was going to antenatal classes that afternoon when , as she had already had one child , she presumably had a pretty good idea of what to expect . She was a somewhat intense woman who probably rather enjoyed such gatherings , but I 've often wondered if she secretly used them as a ruse to get her husband home to mind the little one while she nipped out for a breather . Anyway , I digress . I really do n't know what to say . Where did you get the flowers ? I half expected him to say they stole them from somebody 's garden but Matthews and I got them in town , Dr Streeter . I had to strap them to my bicycle , which is why they look a bit battered . I 'm about to sell the house Well , with prices the way they are I 'd be crazy not to No , the estate agent reckons it 'll be converted into flats , so I expect the new owner 's going to want you out . You look shattered , What 's the matter ? Look , you do n't need to worry about it at your age the council will give you something if you ca n't find anything yourself However , these were now too low and my prospects too poor for me to continue along that track . My illness kept me out of action for a fortnight so it was fully three weeks after the demise of my job before I finally went down to my local Department of Employment offices and signed on . Somewhat navely , I had expected it all to be sorted out then and there , but the chap just took my name , gave me a form to fill in and told me to come back a few days later for a full interview . I was surprised to learn that my claim could not be backdated , but I wrote those first three weeks ' money off to inexperience . Anyway , the important thing was I was now safely inside the system . Most of the things I had were dated and not worth very much , so I found myself selling off my past as jumble and bric - a - brac . This did grate rather , but how else was I supposed to survive ? I did go down to my local Citizens ' Advice Bureau to see if they had any ideas , but all they could do was pass on the news that there was a squeeze on the social fund ( the emergency payments fund ) , so I was well advised not to expect too much if I did decide to try the social security people . Depressed ? No. You 're welcome to try , I said . But do n't get too upset if you do n't get anywhere . I 'm not expecting anything . You wo n't survive without hope , you know . That depends on what you mean by hope . I knocked . Hello , how can I help ? Yes , we 've been expecting you . Come in , come and sit in the front room . Would you like some tea ? Very . Look , do n't hold out too much hope that you 're going to be successful in this . I 'm not expecting anything , I promise you . Well , there 's no harm in trying . Tell you what . Brazil A proposal for constitutional reform to allow a national plebiscite on the reintroduction of the death penalty in Brazil , for kidnappings , burglaries and rapes resulting in the victim 's death , was approved by a Congressional Commission of the House of Deputies in December 1990 . AI has appealed to Brazilian parliamentarians expressing its concern over the moves to reinstate the death penalty . The death penalty was excluded from the Brazilian Penal Code in 1890 and its abolition is enshrined in the 1988 Constitution . El Salvador For the latter he quoted a sentence by Lucian , the second - century Greek rhetorician : A work of art requires an intelligent spectator who must go beyond the pleasure of the eyes to express a judgement and to argue the reasons for what he sees . For Venturi , an important development in art criticism came in the eighteenth century which saw the foundation of aesthetics and the rise of philosophies for which art was an indispensable ingredient . Writing as he was in the 1930s , he expressed his pleasure at the extensive documentation and reference material available to the student of art , instancing the growth of libraries and art historical teaching . If he were alive today , he would have even more cause for satisfaction . Some of the main efforts of historians in the first decades of the twentieth century had been directed to putting order into a mass of material , analysing works and documents , and establishing historical data . The illustrated periodical was a phenomenon of a world which Baudelaire saw as reborn on Guys ' paper : Natural and more than natural , beautiful and more than beautiful , strange and endowed with an impulsive life like the soul of its creator He is looking for that quality which you must allow me to call modernity ; for I know of no better word to express the idea I have in mind . He makes it his business to extract from fashion whatever element it may contain of poetry within history , to distil the eternal from the transitory By modernity I mean the ephemeral , the fugitive , the contingent , the half of art whose other half is the eternal and the immutable . Another famous figure , Joan Mir , initially praised by Breton as the most Surrealist painter , later described his Surrealist phase as having lasted only for a matter of months . A personal friend of an artist may have a real advantage in writing criticism , as he may learn about artistic intentions which are not explained to others . This places a critic in a privileged position , but also with a responsibility to make clear whether views expressed are those of the critic or those of the artist . This distinction can be limpid if the artist is directly interviewed , and the interview is verbatim ; but there are problems of evidence with filming and tape recordings , as well as with interviews , since the viewer or reader is unlikely to know how they have been edited . THE PROGRESSIVE Gertrude Stein later wrote a book on Picasso , in which she put the point like this : One must never forget that the reality of the twentieth century is not the reality of the nineteenth century , not at all and Picasso was the only one in painting who felt it , the only one . More and more the struggle to express it intensified . Matisse and all the others saw the twentieth century with their eyes but they saw the reality of the nineteenth century , Picasso was the only one in painting who saw the twentieth century with his eyes and saw its reality and consequently his struggle was terrifying , terrifying for himself and for the others , because he had nothing to help him , the past did not help him , nor the present , he had to do it all alone and , in spite of much strength he is often very weak , he consoled himself and allowed himself to be seduced by other things which led him more or less astray . In its slightly earlier day , pointillism had also had a progressive artistic programme . The multitude of Madonnas for Italian worship in the Renaissance made this a fruitful theme for connoisseurship which has taken on the task of distinguishing authentic works from those by followers or copyists . An art critic may have difficulty in deciding how far the picture needs to be considered as devotional imagery , and how far discussion can be limited to artistic merits . An extremist view expressed by a twentieth - century artist is what Matisse had to say about his responses to murals by Giotto . When I see the Giotto frescoes at Padua I do not trouble to recognise which scene in the life of Christ I have before me , but I perceive instantly the sentiment which radiates from it and which is instinct in the composition in every line and color . The title will only serve to confirm my impression . What , said Diderot , you did it from instinct without knowing what you were doing ! That is better still ! David was greatly encouraged by this warm admiration expressed by a celebrated man , and it helped to develop his talent . Reviews of exhibiting societies ' shows have constantly presented difficulties to critics , as it is only possible to give brief comments on some of the artists ' work ; how could it be otherwise when an exhibiting society shows several thousand works ? During the nineteenth century to be noticed was good fortune , while to be praised was a professional advantage . And they will undoubtedly object to the more unbridled formulations that enter the three fictions ; the biography of Eliot has plenty to say on the subject , too , while maintaining a comparative , and suitable , reserve . They wo n't accept with Charles Wychwood that everything is copied , and wo n't accept his opinion of Chatterton : Thomas Chatterton believed that he could explain the entire material and spiritual world in terms of imitation and forgery , and so sure was he of his own genius that he allowed it to flourish under other names . The second half of this can be seen to coincide with the opinion of Chatterton which is expressed by Ackroyd 's Wilde : a strange , slight boy who was so prodigal of his genius that he attached the names of others to it . Peter Ackroyd has here performed the not impossible feat of plagiarising himself while leaving the reader in doubt as to whether the writer shares this implausible estimate of Chatterton 's marvellous buoyancy . As Ackroyd 's ventriloquised Wilde makes clear , Wilde was a great exaggerator and , like his friend Whitman , a great contradictor of himself ; and he is certainly a great source of dualistic formulations , in all their slippery bliss . Comment No particular accent is asked for , but Mike is not the conventional public school type who has gone to Cambridge . He speaks with really quite a small vocabulary which suggests he is unused to expressing himself eloquently . Part of the time he may almost be unaware that he is speaking to another person after all Gila does n't understand English very well and it is unlikely that she would fully understand the references to Rupert Brooke and the poem The Old Vicarage , Grantchester . ( Suggest that you read that poem as a background . ) The shifting consensus of church and state was not the major feature of the period . The two changes which took place in law and constitution before 1980 were at least permitted by the clerical church in that it agreed with the abolition of the special position of the Roman catholic church , and did not oppose the limited introduction of contraceptives . They were both cases expressing the consensus of politician and priest . The major debates after that time have tended to show a split between church leadership and a large section of its laity on the one hand , and a significant proportion of Roman catholic laity , other churches , and secular groups on the other. In this confrontation , the traditional religious forces , which support the old monopoly religious structure , have so far prevailed . The forum completed its consultations and reported in the Summer of 1984 . There was one vital breakthrough for the nationalist consciousness , though there still remains some doubt as to how deep this was for the Fianna Fil party : all the parties committed themselves to the recognition of the protestant loyalist group as having legitimate aspirations and affirmed the need for the recognition of two sets of legitimate rights coexisting in the island as a whole : Constitutional nationalists are determined to secure justice for all traditions The new Ireland must be a society within which , subject only to public order , all cultural , political and religious beliefs can be freely expressed and practised . This was made explicit in terms of the sense of British identity which protestant loyalists experience : This implies in particular , in respect of Northern protestants , that the civil and religious liberties that they uphold and enjoy will be fully protected and their sense of Britishness accommodated ( New Ireland Forum 19834 : i . 223 ) . For the very first time , the leadership of all the major constitutional nationalist parties in Ireland , representing 90 per cent of the nationalist population , had abandoned the concept of the tyranny of the majority will . They are also an invitation to those who exercise political power to reflect on the nature of man and of human society and in the enactment of laws to eschew the often brilliant attractions of pragmatism , of relativism or of short - term solutions in favour of lasting concern for the common good of all . ( Irish Episcopal Conference 1984 : 18 ) They also expressed reservations over the concept of minority rights : Britain , for example , does not allow polygamy even though certain of its citizens accept it from their religious convictions ( Irish Episcopal Conference 1984 : 18 ) . However , they did state that , in a united Ireland , Northern protestants would not lose any civil and religious rights ( New Ireland Forum 19834 : xii . 2 ) . The structural invisibility enjoyed by the uniform wearer is a strange matter to experience . You become a symbol with no personal identity beyond the small , specific numeral on the shoulder . Civilians you know well can walk past in the street without recognition , for although the uniform itself is apparent it is a forceful barrier , expressing a demonstrative separation between the culture of control and the individuality of the controlled . Like other symbolic non - verbal devices , the multi - vocal nuances of our uniform were used in a variety of other ways as boundary markers to maintain our cultural identity and define our institutional specificities . Just as the white - coated doctors in hospitals symbolize the clean and purifying nature of the healer , so the dark uniform of the police symbolizes not just the force identity , but also the presence of the avenger , who purifies through retribution rather than by cure . Nevertheless , a close relationship was sustained , each Sunday evening saw the three brothers and their wives and children gathering together at Rachel Cohen 's home in highly convivial mood , Leonard 's grandmother being especially delighted in her firstborn 's firstborn . Nothing exemplifies the spirit of the family more than musar : instruction ( as moral training ) which is given to Jewish children . It is best expressed in the admonition To act nobly , to speak purely , and to think charitably , and nothing exemplifies Leonard 's deepest nature than this triune pattern , then and now . Leonard 's recollections of his early childhood are very indistinct . He does remember , puckishly , an incident when he was about three years of age . Indeed , they could be offended by it . Masha merely felt put down by the hauteur she felt , even if not intended . ) And we may see another reason for the ambiguity in Leonard : Ashkenazi Jews expressed themselves in Yiddish , which was not merely their language ( resting on 16th - century Middle High German and many Slavic loan - words ) but in a particular sense a reflection of their world , their universe . Sephardic Jews , who are descended from Western Europe ( Spain and Portugal ; but also the Middle East and North Africa ) , expressed themselves through their own languages , but were always more intellectual , more philosophical in the Aristotelian sense - more scientific and commercial , and more open to syncretism ( e.g. with Islamic and Christian modes of thought ) than their Eastern brethren . But it was that cultural milieu , as expressed through the left - wing Federico Garia Lorca , that Leonard reacted to and espoused in his youth ! ( b ) The lack of explanatory force of the laws The lack of explanatory force of neurophysiological and psychophysical observations is explicitly admitted by some scientists . It has been well expressed by the biologist Richard Dawkins : The sensation of seeing is for us very different from the sensation of hearing , but this cannot be directly due to the physical differences between light and sound . Both light and sound are , after all , translated by the respective sense organs into the same kind of nerve impulse . Before the funeral can take place the funeral director must have the burial or cremation certificates . It is important to check whether the dead person left any instructions with the Will about the funeral , or wished the body to be given for medical research ( see Section 7 ) , or organs to be donated for transplantation ( see Section 8 ) . If there is a Will , the executor has the right to decide whether it will be a burial or a cremation , whether the Will expresses a particular wish or not. If there is no Will , the next of kin should decide . It is important to check whether the deceased has already made arrangements for their own funeral , or carried funeral insurance ( see Section 6 ) . Age Concern would welcome an attempt to introduce a single unified system and favours an element of formality and monitoring with a local and user - friendly face . Age Concern considers that an individual should be able to make statements about their future life circumstances , health care and the like in addition to financial aspects , and would therefore wish to see Enduring Powers of Attorney extended to cover other areas . The view is also expressed that personal care and welfare aspects cannot be divorced from financial and property matters , while it is recognised that proper safeguards are vital . Age Concern wishes to see safeguards against abuse , exploitation and neglect of duty for those who can take decisions plus procedures for those who cannot do so . Expansion of the work of the Court of Protection is favoured but if this is not thought appropriate then some form of locally accessible tribunal or court to exercise supervision , possibly supplemented by some form of guardianship , is considered desirable . In it he expressed his own and his dancers ' sheer enjoyment of just dancing to music which cries out to be danced . That passionate love of music as movement is what Rachmaninov 's Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini is all about . To have heard Rachmaninov play hisown or any other Russian music or to listen to his orchestral works is to realise he was a passionate musician , loving his art and giving his all to express the joys and sorrows , the tender and brutal moods and all the emotions to which man is subject . In composing the Rhapsody , Rachmaninov tried to vary the Paganini theme as much as possible by differentiating the instrumental sections one from another . Whereas Symphonic Variations flows onwards in simple serenity , Ashton , following Rachmaninov , here uses an enormous variety of steps and constantly changes the choreographic phrasing to reflect the increasing or diminishing sounds and to match the tempi of the melody , in order to give his enchanements light and shade and to indicate the sheer complexity of the orchestration . There are other ways in which choreographers can be guided by the musical context other than those already cited . When inspired by Tchaikovsky 's Fifth Symphony to create Les Frsages ( 1933 ) , Massine took a theme which proposed that Man would win his struggle against fate if he had Action , Love and Frivolity on his side . The moods and emotions of each were expressed in the first three movements . In the fourth , Man , with the help of the three soloists from the other movements , overcame the bat - like figure representing Fate . Massine took this theme from Tchaikovsky 's own letters to his patron in which he described a composer 's search for ideas . Despite the difficulties of getting into and travelling around many of these countries due to poor roads , curfews , civil wars , monsoons researchers often uncover information and testimony they would never otherwise obtain . In the Philippines last year , an investigation team found two disappeared women who had been missing for several months . The government had not acknowledged their arrest but the team had heard rumours of the women 's whereabouts in a military camp and in fact found them there . When Amnesty International visited Yemen in October 1990 to prepare for government talks , they heard reports of thousands of Yemenis being expelled from Saudi Arabia , some after being tortured . The delegates went to the border and spent three days there screening hundreds of people and conducting in - depth interviews with many of them . In the Philippines last year , an investigation team found two disappeared women who had been missing for several months . The government had not acknowledged their arrest but the team had heard rumours of the women 's whereabouts in a military camp and in fact found them there . When Amnesty International visited Yemen in October 1990 to prepare for government talks , they heard reports of thousands of Yemenis being expelled from Saudi Arabia , some after being tortured . The delegates went to the border and spent three days there screening hundreds of people and conducting in - depth interviews with many of them . The organization urgently appealed to the Saudi king to stop the torture and brought the plight of the victims to international attention . One may remove the words next slide please from the text , but not from the sequences of thought . The publication of lectures is a well - known form of literary suicide . I indulge in it now because the audiences who heard them endured , with much patience , extremes of heat and cold . I am grateful , and can only show my gratitude by giving them the text to criticise under more agreeable conditions . A characteristic two pages of the text are given to Corot 's landscapes , five pictures being cited , though the reader is less fortunate than the lecture audience , as only two are illustrated . Salim buries his valuables from another point of view , his ill - gotten gains and an ominous silence descends on the town : Sometimes I thought I could hear the noise of the rapids . It was the eternal noise at that bend in the river , but on a normal day it could n't be heard here . Now it seemed to come and go on the wind . At midday , when we shut the shop for lunch , and I drove through the streets , it was only the river , glittering in the hard light , that seemed alive . At the beginning of the book a dear friend , Charlie , another immigrant boy , leaves for Russia with his family for the land , they hope , of the free . Ralph strives to address the high heid yins of Russia to solicit news of the family , and receives his letter back from the Embassy in London , stamped : Communication not permitted . And the family was never heard of again . Glasser orders his events thematically , while also wanting to tell a story and to spring surprises . Charlie 's departure is the first of several , and this event is succeeded by the announcement of a further theme when the rabbi 's thunderings pass over the heads of his congregation and the writer notes : in later years I would wonder how different my life might have been if a few people , those closest to me , had been frightened just a little . Revolution , and its betrayal by a regime which both prescribes and proscribes literature , are described in both works . Both men are interested in the subject of remembering and forgetting . In the books they write , music is heard in country places trumpets , fiddles , the cimbalom and love shows its face in country hotels , pleasant places , set down beside a stretch of water . Klima may perhaps be a common name in Czechoslovakia , and Kundera has become a common name in the conversation of Western readers , who are drawn to these reciprocal concerns of his . In the days before glasnost which his fictions may be thought to have rehearsed and predicted , but which could well mean that his fictions will no longer be for the West what they have been so far , when the thing that they deplore was still there in its entirety to be deplored Kundera was forced into exile in the free world of the time . Patrick has plenty to say on such subjects , and he says it in the lordly way which does much to furnish the book with its presiding idiom . But are we meant to sympathise with what he says ? Here and elsewhere , the method , for all that Amis would hate to hear it , is dialectical . In the novels I am thinking of he attributes certain ideas to certain characters and utters them in the prevailing manner of the novel , while also submitting them to question within it . He can appear in so doing to have his opinions and to eat them too . A beautiful summer morning . I took off my tin hat to feel the sun on my face . And I did n't hear the bullet leaving the rifle . One moment I was revelling in the astonishment of being alive , and the next I was lying flat on my face , with what felt like a very large hole in the right side of my skull They carried me back to England in the middle of July . Someone to stop all this weak kneed nancy pancying pussy footing soft balls hard luck Jim have another large scotch . I went to Northampton to try and get a mortgage . I heard they was dishing out council mortgages left right and centre up there . If you so much as parked on a yellow line they stuffed a mortgage application under your windscreen wipers . What did they say to me ? But whether the statement is rhetoric or reality , particularly for Mr Charles Haughey and the rest of the Fianna Fil leadership , we will have to wait and see . The Irish Roman catholic church leadership also submitted statements on its political religious position . While preparing an early draft of the present chapter , the writer heard Bishop Cathal Daly of Down and Connor , a leading moderate among the bishops , respected by all except PIRA , repeat the adage that the Irish constitution was secular , implying that there really was little to be done for the moment . This in fact was the main tack in the bishops ' attitude to the forum . There appears to have been a general feeling among them that there was no real problem on this score . Or note at foot of page ? He pushed the pad aside , drew the typewriter towards him and began to type again , squinting down at his friend s tiny handwriting . I hear about these artists , so - called , he typed ( as Harsnet had written ) , who work all day and all night , whose work is their passion . Paint all over their clothes , all over the studio , external mark of intrinsic worth . I sometimes feel sorry , wrote Harsnet ( typed Goldberg ) , that I am not of their kind . In the middle of working on a difficult piece I can almost feel my ears grow , he said . I start to hear everything much better than I normally do . I hear the grass grow , for instance . Look at Schoenberg 's ears , he said . Look at Stravinsky 's . Those are n't ears , he said , those are receiving dishes . But why this passion for hearing more , seeing more , experiencing more ? Why not stay with what we normally hear and see and feel ? Because it 's not grand enough ? Not important enough ? There are thieves everywhere , he said . Last week , sitting in the Luxembourg Gardens , he became aware of a pain in his foot . He took off his shoe to investigate , then heard a noise overhead and saw a flock of starlings flying past . Became fascinated by the pattern as they wheeled and changed direction . Got out paper and pencil to try and think through the implications of what he had just seen , then gave up and started off home . I HAVE recently joined a National Economic Development Council working party on European public purchasing , which is seeking to contribute to the opening up of public sector purchasing in the EC . It is investigating any barriers to this and ways to overcome them . As the only catering industry representative on this working party , I would be interested to hear from any companies which have any experience , or knowledge of any examples , which make them feel that this is an area that needs to be examined quickly and subjected to public debate . Of particular relevance to the industry is the sub - group on local authority purchasing and the research project looking at small - and medium - sized suppliers and the public sector purchasers which deal with them . CHARLES ALLEN Managing Director , Compass , Queens Wharf , Queen Caroline Street , London W6 . He turned in his chair a little . I am thinking , Miss Abernethie , she is perhaps wondering , Like myself , why you were sent for to Naples in the middle of the new - engaged couple 's holiday . Is the trouble at home that I am hearing of , perhaps , that someone had been what is the expression ? boiling the books ? No. No. A handwritten note stuffed into the bootscraper said Two pints today , please . Inside he filled a kettle and lit the gas - ring . The Daily Express had arrived in his absence and its front page confirmed what he had already heard from Mrs Pettifer up at the Manor . Baronet vanishes , it screamed . Good headlines did scream at you in those days. And pointing a trembling finger at her he said in a steely voice of condemnation , Madame . J'accuse . Even as he uttered the words a strange noise could be heard from beyond the French windows . At first Sergeant Bramble thought it was one of the latest Atco motor - mowers but it seemed to be coming from above them . Mrs Pettifer spoke . It must be quite difficult for you , Claire said , brushing , brushing , brushing the long black hair . It made me feel funny looking at that hair , and I did n't like it . So I did n't hear what Kezia said next . But Annabel squeaked , Why ca n't you stay with us ? You could have Nanny 's room , next to mine . With the franchise bids for Channel 3 close to completion and the date set for the advertising of Channel 5 franchises it is timely to look again at the possibilities in the new channel , and in particular at the potential for city television . The arguments for the development of the media industries of regional cities has always had both economic and cultural aspects . The 1991 Forum will look at Channel 5 both as an opportunity to provide employment and economic growth outside of London and the South East and as a means of making the non - metropolitan voice heard . Despite the minimalist parameters for the new channel set out in the Broadcasting Act , in profound contrast to the remit of Channel Four when it began a decade ago , we want to make an issue of the new Channel . We see the allocation of the scarce resource of our last terrestrial channel as a matter worth serious discussion , and seek in it an answer to the perceived shortcomings of the existing Channels . So what can we do ? What must we do ? One solution to paint those moments when world is frozen , when we experience time as standing still : when we look in mirrors , or on hot afternoons . Bonnard painted hot afternoons in mirrors . Magritte did it by playing with paradox : day and night both ; picture and landscape both . Morgan Grenfell , like many Catering Allied clients , wants its staff to pay only the cost of food , plus VAT . It has also set out some rules about which menu items can or cannot be increased in price . Soups , salads , potatoes and other hot vegetables , hot puddings , fruit and yoghurt are fixed - priced items : main courses and the grill bar special are among those which can be adjusted . Efficient stocktaking is a key element in controlling these prices and expenditure and that 's where the Psion Organiser comes in . Deputy unit manager Phil Brown , who has taken responsibility for the computer system , says : We can do the stocktake in about half a day with the Psion Organiser . BERNARD Loiseau believes in the power of the auto - promotion . It 's a well - founded faith he has developed since Michelin this year singled him out as the only French chef worthy of upgrading to the coveted three - star accolade . At 40 , he knows he 's on the road to fortune and admits to spending more time talking with journalists than working over hot ovens in the kitchen . His first book , Envoler les Saveurs , is due out in October . The Loiseau phenomenon has rocked French cuisine , transforming the son of a travelling salesman into the country 's most talked about chef . Saving your presence ma'am , but I bain't got no troubles . Oh now , dear me , Sergeant , let 's not beat about the bush . The lady raised an admonitory finger in rebuke and the sergeant observed , to his surprise , that despite it being a hot summer 's day , she was wearing what appeared to be mittens . I have come , continued the old lady , about the Case of the Missing Baronet . You 'm do n't want to be believing what they do write in they newspapers ma'am , exclaimed the sergeant , but his visitor was not listening . In partnership with Graham Bradstreet , Bevan and Radclyffe have , as a company and individually , produced a wide range of successful film and TV dramas and documentaries , making them one of the UK 's most creative and innovative independent film and television partnerships . Formed in 1984 , Working Title achieved their breakthrough with MY BEAUTIFUL LAUNDRETTE , one of the most important films in the British cinema renaissance of the mid - Eighties . But Bevan and Radclyffe quickly proved that Laundrette was not a one hit wonder by going on to produce WISH YOU WERE HERE , which made Emily Lloyd a Hollywood hot property , followed by the powerful and moving A WORLD APART . Chris Menges ' directorial debut which received critical acclaim and festival awards throughout the world . One of the strengths of the company has been their ability to produce films with a wide range of styles and subject , without losing their commitment to brave and adventurous film - making . This means that a patio of ample size will be needed , which could use a combination of pre - cast slabs and new brick paving , or , of you are lucky , some old bricks that may have been in the garden already . Here , these have been laid in a bold panel close to the house and have also been used in strips and courses so that they tie the raised pool into the overall design of the terrace . The pool forms a real focal point from both the house and patio , while the sound of water , falling from a mask set in the wall , will be delightful on a hot summer 's day . Of course , if you have a young family and feel water might be a hazard , the feature could become a raised sandpit or planter , which naturally gives you the opportunity of converting it at a later stage . On the other side of the terrace a raised bed provides visual balance and accommodates a specimen juniper and winter flowering heathers . Delicate Crocus sieberi Bowles ' White Harbingers of spring , scillas are perfect plants for the rock garden Scilla peruviana forms large , conican racemes of flowers if shallowly planted in a hot , sunny spot Pale mauve Crocus tommasinianus partners crisp white snowdrops Flowering in early to mid - spring , Narcissus cyclamineus , with its reflexed petals , makes a cheerful display Although bud break is early , leaf development is delayed and very variable . If current cultivars do not adapt , breeders may need to look for new varieties which cope better with milder winters . Lilies like it hot If your amaryllis has produced seed pods , you may fancy raising seedlings . The experience of researchers in Florida should help . CHAPTER SEVEN A laser of moonrise stirred on Jay 's pillow . She turned half - asleep in her big warm bed to curl an arm and herself round Lucy 's hot soft body . Then woke to the empty pillow beside hers ; body stretched in delicious ecstasy , as if her sweet saint had just that second ghosted away . Three - twenty , hours and hours to sleep and dream . I am lying in the grass dazed by the sun and the busy ants , by the myriad humming galore of a river on a summer afternoon . A dragonfly skims a path through the tips of the rushes . We are on a shore of white sand too hot to stand still for a moment , great breakers surf and trip to swathes of foam as we dart into the solid black and lovely shade . The rose garden at dawn . I watch you freewheeling along a vine - wrapped colonnade , and pause under an archway wrought in stone and lovely with purple flowers ringing in the new light . I 'll make you some tea , said Lucy . Mother I do n't need the one who brought me up cost a lot in therapy to get over . I wo n't drink it , said Jay , tears gushing hot down her cheeks . I 'm going to get drunk , to hell , I 've been half drunk half my life , who gives a fuck if I 'm drunk again ? At least that way I can stop thinking , words bloody words . They fired every house and they ran the men down like deer . The women and children had gone off to the caves , Did you not fight ? Young Angus felt hot with rage and wrong . His father was more than six foot and could toss the caber further than any man in Bunarkaig . He could have laid in wait for the soldiers and split their heads and Fight ? No no , I have no head for it today . Cameron wanted time to think ; he was in a turmoil of emotions ; he felt for Sandy 's grievance even while he was blenching at the man 's mad certainty that a day of reckoning was near . And underneath these feelings he felt some hot , dark stirrings in himself . What were they ? A desire to retaliate against whom ? He half - woke , and saw the window - square glimmering with the pallor of sunrise The river again , the far bank was nearer but here was a black smooth stretch , he half knew that he was dreaming , he wanted to stop the dream and he wanted to get across , if only he could raise his mouth and nostrils above the swell of the water He made himself wake finally and lay under the covers feeling weak and hot , as though he had been spending energy incessantly all night . Outside the day was fine enough , too clear perhaps ; each roughness on the skyline was sharply visible , as though it might rain later . Just now the autumnal coolth was tonic and he breathed it in like drinking draughts of fresh milk , then took dippersful of water from the butt at the side of the house and sluiced his head into activity . What do you want - me or them ? That is a trap . Donald had his brow lowered now like a bullock and his eyes were hot . Why am I here at all ? I would be better off in Canada , free of all these tethers . He pulled his toes backwards , hard , to ease the cramp . No , he was not ready yet to face the defeat . Perhaps after the hot food in the evening ? Yesterday 's meat and vegetables had been high soft and sweet with badness he had made himself swallow it and then in the night the shite had poured out of him until he was too weak to stand . He must wait till the poison had all gone . Strange . Why not give the flowers to the survivors ? She imagined herself turning up at Alan 's bedside with an armful of freesias and went hot all over . Too hot to go back to sleep . She picked a bunch of flowers for Alan once . What 's this on the floor ? she asked . It 's probably an aubergine , Sara replied . At the restaurant they were ushered into a small , extremely hot cocktail lounge . Sara looked at her watch . It was eight thirty - five . She mounted the bike and set off . She freewheeled into the village , pedalled doggedly through it , then tackled the hill on the other side . The sun was hot . Sweat dripped into her eyes . She turned up a lane which was even steeper than the road she had just left . It must have cost the earth , package and all . Did he know he would die a few years later ? It was hot , hot . They saw the temple of the sun and the temple of the moon , driving out of the huge city past a tangle of ravines and yellow clifftops hung with shacks of corrugated iron and this and that . Fowl , pigs and human kids played among yellow and white plastic rubbish water containers , Exxon oil bottles . Cliff said , I am pleased to support ACET in the world they are doing . The care of people in the community , with are ill with HIV infection and AIDS , together with the education of schoolchildren to help prevent the spread of this terrible disease is becoming more and more urgent . I believe it is especially important that ACET represents the Church working in the front line to provide real and practical support . So often Christians are criticised for not getting involved . Cliff with Dr Patrick Dixon , Director of ACET Those at home often need opiates ( morphine - like medicines ) for pain , while one in five will also need a special battery - operated syringe pump , especially if they are too weak to swallow . Specialist care The picture then has changed and we now need to plan for increasing numbers of those with chronic illnesses needing specialist community care not just volunteers , although volunteers continue to have a vitally important role to play . Until the numbers of deaths each month has risen to equal or exceed the number of new diagnoses , the numbers needing care will continue to rise fast , even if the number of new cases reported in official figures is relatively constant or falling . These factors help explain some of the reasons why the total number of ACET clients covered at any one time by our on call service in London has more than doubled from 70 in April 1990 to over 150 by March 1991 ; and why the nature of the services required has become so much more sophisticated . This aid money worth US1 billion per annum is crucial to the fulfilment of the government 's economic policies . There have been some events which give qualified cause for optimism . Perhaps most important is the development of a Mothers Front to campaign for investigations into the mass disappearances . Modelled on similar organizations in Argentina and Central America , it consists mainly of mothers whose husbands , sons and daughters have disappeared or are known to have been murdered by the government or the JVP . Although headed by opposition MPs , it has grown independently on a national basis and held its first large scale rally in Colombo in late February 1991 . Venturi 's survey started with classical times , the uncertainties of writing by Xenocrates , lists of lost works such as the treatise by Apelles , and settled down to comment on two fundamental categories of criticism , the lives of artists , and the critic 's encounter with the work of art . For the latter he quoted a sentence by Lucian , the second - century Greek rhetorician : A work of art requires an intelligent spectator who must go beyond the pleasure of the eyes to express a judgement and to argue the reasons for what he sees . For Venturi , an important development in art criticism came in the eighteenth century which saw the foundation of aesthetics and the rise of philosophies for which art was an indispensable ingredient . Writing as he was in the 1930s , he expressed his pleasure at the extensive documentation and reference material available to the student of art , instancing the growth of libraries and art historical teaching . If he were alive today , he would have even more cause for satisfaction . He earned this disputable title by his thoughtful approach to critical issues and the undeniable distinction of his critical practice . His writings on art include several reviews of the Paris Salons , which were either published in booklets or in journals such as the Revue franaise . The custom of writing about the Salons was well established , and had inspired brilliant writing by such an important figure in the eighteenth century as Diderot . By the 1850s the tradition had declined , so that Baudelaire was seeking to give new life to a decayed literary genre . He asserted that a modern artist should be in tune with his times , careful to avoid hackneyed subjects . Of the latter he wrote , Lucas van Leyden is an artist of frailer calibre than Drer , and prone to lose himself in imitation of stronger men , each of his contemporaries in turn dominating his style . Another book about the age of Drer , but on a different topic , is The Limewood Sculptors of Renaissance Germany , by Michael Baxandall , published in 1980 . The author started his career in the Victoria and Albert Museum , where there is an important group of this sculpture ; his book had a double origin in a museum exhibition and a series of lectures . Divisions in the book are unusually clear , separate chapters being given to topics such as function , the market , or the historical and political background of the subject . He makes a particular point of technique . One view of the art market is that it is like a staircase with several landings . Only dealers sell on the steps , while private owners prefer the more certain floor of a landing of clearly established prices for a category of work . Correct descriptions are important to auctioneers , as can be exemplified by the coding used to list paintings . This is the system used by Sothebys : ( a ) references to signatures , inscription and dates refer to the present state of the work ; ( b ) the term bears a signature and/or date and/or inscription means that in our opinion the artist 's name and/or date and/or inscription have been added by another hand ; ( c ) the term signed and/or dated and/or inscribed means that in our opinion the signature and/or date and/or inscription are from the hand of the artist . What Wolfe provides is art criticism in a sardonic mode , created by parodying others . One of Wolfe 's targets is the critic Greenberg , about whom an apologist has gravely asserted : The significance of Clement Greenberg cannot be overestimated . He is the designer and subtle manipulator of modernism , which is the single most important and influential theory of modern art . Greenberg wrote exhibition reviews for The Nation during the 1940s , but his lasting reputation comes from a collection of his articles , including some more thematic pieces for Partisan Review , in a book published in 1961 with the title Art and Culture . Greenberg 's name has a special glamour because of his successful advocacy of Abstract Expressionist artists against the dominance of the School of Paris , as Barbara Reise wrote . Cultural history and theory , it has to be said , have very extensive agenda , and art criticism is perhaps only a sub - paragraph under a secondary heading . The reader may be doomed to disappointment in reading through an article with wide contextual terms of reference if looking for something as simple as descriptions of works of art , their interpretation and evaluation . Articles of synthesis between art and other subjects may include important art criticism . Literary theory is at present in demand as a point of reference for writing on the visual arts . Articles on this sort of theme may appear in art periodicals , but are just as likely to be found in other journals , on literature , say , or history . He is also a self - styled haji , or Muslim holy man. He has gathered about him a defecting company of slum boys , with one of whom , Bryant , of the distorted face , his hair done up in small Medusa pigtails , he sometimes makes love . The polluted landscape , and the heat in which it languishes , are important to the novel . The heat , and the drought , have set this country on fire . The hills smoke , mounds of rubbish smoulder , the verges of the roads are charred . It gets harder to breathe and you may die . Your gut can get infected , so you ca n't absorb the goodness in your food . You lose weight , you feel very weak , and pass motions up to 10 times a day . This person with the HIV infection has developed a sore mouth Cancers may grow . Although ACET , like any charity , does not have the power to release you from the agreement it is likely to be sympathetic . For instance we can suggest ways of rescheduling the payments over a longer period . Whatever happens , any tax relief obtained on donations you have already made will not be lost . It is possible to include in the wording of the Deed that the covenant will cease if certain conditions occur for example , if you become unemployed or your income falls below a certain level . But , unless you are considering a particularly large donation , it is unlikely that you would need to include any complicated form of wording . An occasional exploit deservedly catches the newspaper headlines , like the case of a picture spotted by a London dealer , David Carritt . Sothebys were unfortunate enough to misattribute a French eighteenth - century picture , which was in fact by Fragonard . Carritt bought it , correctly identified it as a lost early work , and magnanimously sold it to the National Gallery , London , far below the market price . Auction catalogues do not carry critical comments on individual items for sale , but there are sometimes introductions with criticism . An example is the catalogue of paintings by Nol Coward , which was prefaced by a memoir of the playwright , describing his interest in painting . Away ! They were off on their seventeen years of Tristan and Isolde . Justin , who would appear to have lost some of his old charisma , became the straight man of the act always mending things . They lived frugally but in style . They rented a flat in Rome and built a house in Greece . Roth 's turn towards fact admittedly , an imagined and far from indisputable fact will appear to some to signal a turn towards the self and towards the outside world . Such a reading could well be found to have attributed too much to a recoil , a respite , a provisional position . He is unlikely to have lost his distrust of the self ; and he is likely ( and welcome ) to resume his furious fictions . But when he does resume them , when the time comes for him to make his next leap , the suggestions made in the course of this affair of his fiction fatigue and literal turn suggestions which receive both rebuttal and support from within the shape - changing dialectic represented by The Counterlife will not deserve to be forgotten . Levi 's Oyster The first speech is from Shakespeare and it 's taken from the Chorus in Henry Henry V and the second piece I 'd like to do is a contract if if , that is , we have time . OK , by now you 've lost valuable time and probably irritated the entire panel by dithering instead of being sure of what you 're going to say , quite apart from getting on with the actual pieces you have learned . A.R Of course you cannot teach confidence but you can teach a way of acquiring it . In a letter to the Irish premier in 1947 , while an extensive health bill was going through parliament , the bishops pointed out that to claim such powers for the public authority , without qualification , is entirely and directly contrary to Catholic teaching on the rights of the family , the Church in education , the rights of the medical profession and voluntary institutions ( Irish Independent , 12 Apr. 1951 , quoted Whyte 1980 : 143 ) . It appeared that one of the main sources of the bishops ' opposition was the authoritarian nature of the legislation . That the bishops were affected by the opposition of the medical profession to the scheme clearly they stood to lose money and independence if such a scheme were implemented seems likely . Whereas similar provisions in other countries were mainly designed to provide facilities which could or could not be used , the Irish ones were to be compulsory and there was to be no choice of doctor . The hierarchy feared the move as the thin end of the wedge of secularism and the totalitarian state . ( Irish Episcopal Conference 1984 : 18 ) They also expressed reservations over the concept of minority rights : Britain , for example , does not allow polygamy even though certain of its citizens accept it from their religious convictions ( Irish Episcopal Conference 1984 : 18 ) . However , they did state that , in a united Ireland , Northern protestants would not lose any civil and religious rights ( New Ireland Forum 19834 : xii . 2 ) . This was generally understood by the media to mean that the hierarchy would not oppose the introduction of divorce in a future united Ireland , indeed that they might be prepared to budge on the issue even now . Throughout Ireland as a whole , there has generally been an anti - comprehensive ethos in the education system supportive of both class and sectarian divisions in schooling and which is now eroding only in part . In Northern Ireland , the catholic schools ' sector is provided for out of state funds , and remains under the governorship of the local clergy , now assisted by laity and members of the local educational and library boards . Many Roman catholic schools up to 1968 were financed for capital expenditure by the local church as part of the church 's determination not to lose control of them . The chairman of the board is usually the parish priest or his curate . With the exception of a small group of public schools , there is the apparently simple distinction between state schools and Roman catholic schools which occurs in Britain . The fact that there is no right time , he wrote , the fact that it is bound always to be too early or too late , that fact is little consolation . The fact that I can write this is little consolation , he wrote . Not only is it little consolation , he wrote , it is actually a further cause for despair , for it only shows that everything is far too late , that the glass was a dream of lateness and the work on the glass was a fantasy of lateness and the belief in the glass was the madness of one who has lost all sense of the meaning of lateness . Not only did the idea come too late , he wrote , not only did the discipline come too late , not only did the resolution of individual problems come too late , but they came so late that I was not even aware of their lateness , and so they were doubly false and doubly useless and doubly meaningless . The nights in the room were false and useless and meaningless and the nights walking the city were false and useless and meaningless , the notes for the box were false and useless and meaningless and this freewheeling account of the progress of the glass is false and useless and meaningless , late and doubly late and unaware of its lateness , nothing and again nothing and worse than nothing . If it was finished I would n't say abandoned , I said . Why ? he said . I 've lost interest in it , I said . Interest ? he said . Then : Can I see it ? Why did you abandon it ? he asked again . Again I told him why . Sometimes it takes a little while to realize you really have lost interest in something , I said to him. That it is n't that you 've got up on the wrong side or eaten something which did n't agree with you or just need a few days ' rest . It takes a little time to sec that you 're not moving forward any more , either because you do n't know how or because there is n't anywhere to move forward to . I 'm sorry , I did n't mean to startle you . Do you think you could pull me up and then point me in an easterly direction once we 're outside ? I 'm starting to lose my bearings a bit and my ball - bearings as well , come to that . She laughed . What a wonderful expression ! she said . It is important for these pilots to develop the habit of checking the position of the gliding site immediately after releasing the tow and to re - check it regularly every few circles . It is also important to be aware of the wind direction and the amount of drift , and to avoid drifting down wind whenever possible . Beginners often continue to struggle with weak lift without realising that they are , in fact , losing height and drifting further away . If the variometer is fluctuating and reading up on one side of the circle and down a little on the other , the probability is that the glider is not climbing at all but is just drifting further down wind . If the glider is down wind of the site , the decision to return must be taken before the glider gets to less than an angle of about 20 to the field in light winds , and 3040 in windy weather . However , in this case a decision must be made and is often given on the flimsiest of grounds ( though that is not the fault of the refereeing panel ) . Do note that the extension is not a new bout , and any penalties incurred in the original bout are carried forwards into it . Sometimes this means that a single prohibited action or technique is enough to lose you the match even though no scoring technique has been made . Prohibited techniques Certain techniques are , by their nature , prohibited . The following remarks apply particularly to the roundhouse kick and the side kick and only to a lesser extent to the front kick . I have repeatedly stressed the importance of keeping your centre - line turned towards the opponent , yet some kicks require that you turn it away , sometimes by as much as 120 ! This must of necessity put you in a very weak defensive position and I would maintain that this is responsible for losing more bouts than any other factor . The kick misses , recovery is slow and the alert opponent has scored before you know what 's happened . It therefore makes sense to use kicks judiciously only when there is a clear opening and the opponent is not expecting a kick . He grew up that day , and never again saw his father as a being who could do anything and was never at a loss . His mother looked nervously at them as they came in long after dark she was obdurately against the recalling of the bad old times and she would neither ask them what they had seen nor let them tell her . It had been his first and only history lesson , and throughout their hungry and needy years in Bunarkaig he never lost the sense that they lived under threat , that government was pitiless , and that some day they would have to fight again for the right to live at peace in their own place . He surfaced from his thoughts and turned back to the room . James was slouched back in his chair with his mouth a little open . His daughter Masha was careful to deposit in the synagogue 's library copies of his works as they appeared , to the great appreciation of those who minded such things . But there is cause to suspect that even by this time , a certain boyish scepticism had erupted in Leonard 's mind . The anger over losing his father had barely diminished , and the older he grew , despite his uncles ' attentiveness to many of his needs ( as they saw them ) , the more the loss was felt . As he said in his first novel , answering one of his early girlfriend 's naive questions , What was it like to have no father ? he laconically answered , It made you more grown - up. You carved the chicken . She tried to remember the Hudson River as she had travelled down it by train , and the weather seemed constant although she knew it was n't . In memory , when the sun shone over Reinbeck , it would be bright in Reincliff as well and all the way down to New York . In London she lost umbrella after umbrella , as if with each accidental leaving behind lay the idea that she might not need that particular umbrella again . She left the museum and walked to her rooms to save money . When she had arrived from France she was supposed to contact friends of her family , but the bag which had contained their address had been lost or stolen . Make no mistake , they are real . As Mr Chatrier put it : All I would ask of any successor is that he will always try to put the best interests of the sport before money . If it was not for the Grand Slam tournaments and the unique place they hold in the game , I am sure we would be losing this vital battle . In his 14 years as president , both tennis in general and the ITF in particular have undergone enormous development and Mr Chatrier can take much of the credit for the changes which have taken place . His foresight has been especially important in transforming the ITF from a largely amateur , mainly non - international organisation , with a staff of just four plus a part - time accountant , into an all - embracing tennis authority , with a staff of 40 , capable of coping with increasing demands and responsibilities . AIDS a caring response ACET THE CHALLENGE The chronic nature of AIDS means that people 's needs are many and varied . For many a stay in hospital is in appropriate but they are often too weak or ill to care for themselves properly . For some this makes hospitalization inevitable . No benefit . Any benefit enjoyed by the donor or a connected person as a consequence of making a gift under Gift Aid must not exceed the lower of 250 or 2½ ; of the value of the gift . A connected person broadly speaking means any close relative . ( v ) Not connected with acquisition of property . Nightsitting In an emergency you can reach an ACET doctor or nurse through our 24 hour on call facility . This means you can get professional help any time of the day or night , and at weekends . We also have a limited number of Care - link telephones for installation in individual homes . These enable you to call for help from anywhere in your house or flat . Around the world today , more than 100 countries still retain the death penalty , and two out of every three human beings live under governments that use torture and other cruel , inhuman and degrading treatment against them . For this reason the campaigning elements of the organization and that includes many of the 80,000 British members who undertake to be active on Amnesty 's behalf have increased and refined their methods over the years . In practical terms this means that although letter - writing to governments regarding prisoners continues to be the cornerstone of the campaign work other methods have been introduced to enhance the effectiveness of the hundreds of thousands of letters that Amnesty members write each year . The Regional Action Network illustrates how campaigners have refined their methods . Members working on behalf of a prisoner learn a lot about that country its culture and political allegiance for example knowledge that is no longer useful when the case is closed . Colvin had known Burne - Jones , and was persuaded to write a preface for a London gallery show . His text preserves a careful balance between deference , quotation and his own selective critical comment : The nature of Burne - Jones 's aims and predilections in art are well - enough known by this time , and have been defined by himself absolutely fitted to this thought : I mean by a picture a beautiful romantic dream of something that never was , never will be in a light better than any light that ever shone in a land no one can define or remember , only desire . If any one element in his style is to be singled out as predominant , it is that haunting expression of far - away desire never absent from the eyes and lips , and conveyed in every gesture , feature and attitude . Giacometti was an artist with very different artistic aims , clearly expounded by Valerie J. Fletcher in a catalogue for an exhibition at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden , Washington , in 1988 . The town has two Classical mottoes , one of which consists of Latin words carved on the ruined monument near the dock gates : Miscerique probat populos , et foedera jungi . He approves of the mingling of the peoples and their bonds of union : that was what the words meant , and again they were very old words , from the days of ancient Rome . They came from a poem about the founding of Rome . The very first Roman hero , travelling to Italy to found his city , lands on the coast of Africa . In the books they write , music is heard in country places trumpets , fiddles , the cimbalom and love shows its face in country hotels , pleasant places , set down beside a stretch of water . Klima may perhaps be a common name in Czechoslovakia , and Kundera has become a common name in the conversation of Western readers , who are drawn to these reciprocal concerns of his . In the days before glasnost which his fictions may be thought to have rehearsed and predicted , but which could well mean that his fictions will no longer be for the West what they have been so far , when the thing that they deplore was still there in its entirety to be deplored Kundera was forced into exile in the free world of the time . So far , the free world has liked him both for having been , and for having ceased to be , a communist of a sort , for the freedoms he seeks in matters of literary form , for the modern inventiveness and manipulation of the literary games he plays , games that none the less commemorate , as he acknowledges , Cervantes , Sterne and Diderot , and for the sexual games which he plays in an age when , as he once put it , sexuality has ceased to be taboo . We have liked him for being into free speech and free love , and for what he has to say about convergences of the two , and about the curbs which revolution and its regimes has placed on them . There was no point sitting here yapping to a bunch of fucking prejudiced right - wing bastards . And Gavin turned on him once more : What d'you mean ye deny ye get long holidays ? I deny I get long holidays , that 's what I mean . Back it up. What d'you mean back it up ? I deny I get long holidays , that 's what I mean . Back it up. What d'you mean back it up ? Show me what you 're talking about ? Naw . Some schools will stipulate a number of Shakespearean speeches from which you may select , but in the main the choice of work is left entirely to you . Your choice of material A lot will depend on your current theatre experience and whether you have done much acting , but finding the right kind of character to work in an audition is going to mean some careful thinking and planning . Always think what the chosen piece is doing for you after all , the audition is about you , the naked ape , as well as that inner spark of inspiration you may have . Your bones , your eyes , your hair , your teeth are all going to be scrutinised by a panel of judges who are looking for your all - round potential , not just an impressive academic display . Sweet , sweet , sweet poison for the age 's tooth : Which , though I will not practise to deceive , Yet , to avoid deceit , I mean to learn ; For it shall strew the footsteps of my rising . But who comes in such haste in riding - robes ? Of Nature 's sale - work . Od 's my little life , I think she means to tangle my eyes too ! No faith proud mistress , hope not after it . Tis not your inky brows , your black silk hair , RITA What ? Do you mean like that working - class culture thing ? I do n't see any , y'know , culture . I just see everyone pissed , or on the Valium , tryin ' to get from one day to the next . What an impro of this kind does is confront the actors with a situation where they have to be emotionally truthful . Without a text to assist them they may prevaricate too long before facing the brutal truth . Improvisation can mean having the guts to experience anything which is asked of you . Can you truthfully become a child again ? Improvisation should not , in any way , be confused with the rather general idea of making things up as you go along , which has no real purpose beyond that of entertainment . There do n't seem to be enough hours in the day to do all the things you have to do , quite apart from your laundry ! Showcase productions Depending on the school 's theatre resources , a full term of productions may mean that at least three or more plays will be staged , giving agents , directors and casting pundits a chance to evaluate your work . Students may find themselves performing in final productions over two full terms , which means they have the opportunity to play twice as many parts , but this depends on the school 's policy and how they think you have progressed . At this stage , too , the allocation of parts and the standard of performance is becoming a lot more competitive a foretaste of the profession itself . Perhaps certain parts played in the past have not succeeded , and it may be possible to investigate why . It is common for students to return to a part that has given them many ideas , and to rework a passage fruitfully . And in tutorials there is opportunity to take well judged risks by which I mean being unafraid of going for the character and seeing where it leads even with well known speeches . Some students will use the time to try out major speeches they have never attempted before , and find out where this may take them . So the tutorial is a place for ideas as well as practice , and if they are well used they can help an actor to be more objective about the craft . It 's very daunting to have to go to an audition for the first time in your life . And you 're not sure what is expected . I mean I had no idea that by doing I left no ring with her by Viola I was doing something that must have been heard a hundred times that day I had no idea . A.R. Had you always wanted to be an actor ? Yes . There 's lots of new plays being written that I look at and say Oh yes there 's lots of opportunities there . I mean , Sugar and Spice for example by Nigel Williams ; I 'd love to have a go at doing the part of Sharon sometime , I think anything that is well written that 's important . A.R. Being well written ? New actors need to try and widen their range all the time and in the same breath find a way of being commercially as well as artistically viable . I have been very lucky ; the right opportunities have come along and yet every time you take them you are looking forward immediately to the next challenge . I mean the most exciting moment of all is when you are actually chosen for a part after that initial excitement it 's a bit downhill not because the work is n't marvellous but because the first challenge is the peak . I think everyone needs the director to be vitally interested in the work well beyond the first week of actual performance . In the West End there seems at the moment a tendency to rely too much on the goodwill of actors which is often accompanied by a failure to maintain a true interest in what is going on for the actor . The Key Mythical Structures of Protestant Loyalist Popular Religion It could be argued that the myths of Ulster protestantism and the institution of the Orange order take the place of the more centralized clerical organization of Roman catholicism in providing some element of overall religious unity among protestant loyalists . By myth is meant here what has generally come to be accepted within sociology and social anthropology since the work of Levi - Strauss : an account of the origins of a society or of particular crucial events in its life , which unite the cosmos to the social structure by actively shaping everyday life perceptions . The historical consciousness of Ulster protestants in this sphere is also a faith consciousness . The salvation history of the Bible is coupled with what is seen as a significant period in the history of the protestants of Ireland . Old copies are now collectors items , with their entertaining instructions and hints . In 1909 : The unattached cyclist on entering Italy with his wheel must deposit 42 fr . 60c . with the custom - house authorities , which sum is returned to him ( though seldom without difficulties ) when he quits the country . Baedeker acquired a reputation for serious standards , and the traveller who missed a double - asterisked attraction had clearly journeyed in vain . Baedeker in 1909 , like Reynolds in his fifth discourse , hesitated between two great masters and their works . Whether the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel or the Stanze of Raphael should be regarded as the culminating effort of modern art , has long been the subject of controversy ; but they both received double asterisks . What can be deduced from a self - portrait is often controversial ; a critic is especially likely to read into a self - portrait some opinion held about the artist . When , as in the cases of Rembrandt and Van Gogh , there is a whole series of pictures to choose from , books can be written on the self - images of one artist alone . This theme is a useful one for assessing the quality of a critic 's writing , since it tempts the rash into speculation , while an impoverished eye will miss relevant and useful comparisons . A theme where personal psychology is necessarily absent is the Christian subject of the Madonna and Child . Again , much interest attaches to interpretation , as an impassive hierarchical image of the Madonna is softened through the centuries into a more human and tender figure . The Alexander technique would be invaluable if it were properly included in all drama training programmes . And I think you find it goes beyond drama school , in say a company like the RSC , where we have the top person in voice but do not have the equal in physical advice and guidance . A R. What you are saying is that everyone seems to miss the work of Litz Pisk a legendary movement teacher at Central School who had such movement sense . A S. I remember when I was working as a dogsbody in the 59 Theatre Company in Manchester a group of Central School students came to be the spirits in a production of The Tempest and these were Pisk trained and had , it seemed to me then , a marvellous range of body language . You do see this much more in foreign companies and I think if we in Britain could match the physical and the vocal more we would really be on top with our training resources . THE DATABASE GOLD MINE THE hotel business is no stranger to information technology ( IT ) . Yet it is easy for pioneer users and IT investors to remain with the tried and tested applications and miss out on the cutting edge opportunities just around the corner . The information already held on computer for regular operations is only yielding a fraction of its true potential potential to contribute directly to the bottom line , if analysed with a marketing strategy in mind . Few organisations have yet tapped the power of knowing their customers through a marketing database . Bob blushed at his unaccustomed prominence , but said promptly : Four , like I told the foreign gentleman . The foreign gentleman wo n't have a notion how things are done below stairs . There may be something he 's missed . Whose were they . The master 's , Colonel Swanton 's ( I know because he takes size 12 ) , Captain Heatherington - Scott 's ( he had his name in his ) and one pair more . How nice to have someone here from the Foreign Office . You can tell us what they think of Il Duce . She was a plain woman with the apparent placidity of the overweight , but she did n't look as if she missed much . Like those of all good hostesses , her eyes were everywhere . I 'm afraid , said Henry Tyler with every appearance of regret , That 's not my Department . Behind me , the boys collected up their things and quietly left the room . Rather than watch them go , I stayed by the sink and gazed out over the playing fields . I 'll miss you , I said softly to myself . It hit me just how right Anne had been when she said that teaching was the only job I knew and how horribly ill - equipped I was for anything else . Dorothy , it 's time we went to Final Assembly . She meant it as a compliment but it made me sound like her GP . I made my way up to the lobby with those final two words of hers ringing around inside my head , and all sorts of other doctor phrases started to enter my mind people calling me Doctor Streeter , popular songs with the word doctor in them and then all of a sudden I started to cry . I stumbled out of the hotel and into the middle of the road , narrowly missing being killed by a taxi . I remember the screech of the horn and the blur of the car as it passed in front of me . Somehow , I reached the other pavement safely . Squinted at the dark shot : Lucy smiling , glass and cigarette balanced , somebody talking right to her , Lucy charming , Lucy , Jay rang the Samaritans . She had always thought she was not the type to ring the Samaritans . But before falling in love with Lucy , she was not the type to lie awake , miss meals , weep , miss work , lose weight , have eczema , fall asleep with the light and fire blazing , feel hopeless , feel that everything was more or less meaningless , be unable to cope . All this love had brought her , taught her : the flip side of ecstasy . Boy , thought Jay , am I ever paying my dues . Actually , this seldom happens and one technique usually lands before the other. Nevertheless , many referees take the easy option and give a simultaneous score decision . This is all the more annoying when one person 's attack was n't valid anyway because it missed the scoring area , or was otherwise unacceptable . Some referees appear to see only one half of a pair of techniques and , while reverse punches are seldom missed , snap punches to the face often are . In such cases , the reverse punch may be given simply because the referee failed to recognise the snap punch . If only she and Michael had more time together , time for her feelings to rise close enough to the surface for her to be sure of what they were . Michael burst into the sleeping - space . Darling , he boomed , you 've no idea how much I 've missed you . He kissed her . He removed the green robe . I wrote the President 's factual brief , did you realise that ? I saw your name on the front page . She wondered whether to say that she had missed him. What was it like on the galactic tour of state ? he went on . What did you make of Pollux ? Jeff thinks the same way . You really are going ? You wo n't miss us ? In the other voice she hears a softness and immediately , softly then , she hears herself answering I 'll miss you . And Mummy . While I sulked in the tent , nursing my wounds and recovering from the thorough sandbagging , Mick was hatching a plan . The two feet would shrink with a cheating stick , and perhaps we could avoid some of the easier but time - consuming lower pitches by sneaking in along the first terrace from an easier route . We spent a day driving round the villages , asking for information , suspecting that we were missing something vital . Skyhooks the man said . Suddenly it was all clear . The key is train them properly from the word go , Steve emphasised . They must be socialised , meet people and children , and get used to busy streets , fairgrounds and traffic . Dogs missing these early experiences could end up frightened of anything and , yes , a potential menace . Also , leaving dogs alone in a yard will tend to make them aggressive and anti - social . Often , what 's perceived to be aggression is simply fear or nervousness , Joanne added , recalling the first dog they rescued . After 1900 , he insisted that no photography of his work was allowed without his permission . There was a healthy demand for prints and postcards , which added to his income from the arrangements he had with photographers and agencies . As Albert Elsen has noted : We know that with major sculptures such as The Burghers of Calais and the Balzac , Rodin did not claim that they were equally successful from all points of view . He believed that these monuments succeeded compositionally from five or six angles . But whilst this muddy vesture of decay Doth grossly close it in , we cannot hear it : For do but note a wild and wanton herd Or race of youthful and unhandled colts Fetching mad bounds , bellowing and neighing loud , From its domination by the old ascendancy , the Orange order in particular came to embrace protestants from all classes and churches . In fact , in rural areas today , the Orange hall has frequently been the only place where protestants of all shades have met to renew their belief and commitment to Ulster protestant loyalism ( Harris 1972 : 1625 ) . It is important to note that these organizations are internally stratified . Those nearer the top , particularly in the Black Preceptory , the inner sanctum of the society structure , are there because of their moral and religious standing in the local community : wealthy farmers , businessmen , good churchmen , or at least of known moral probity . They tend to represent the religious as opposed to the rough end of the protestant spiritual spectrum . From 1985 , it has been continually invoked by Paisley and Peter Robinson in their attempt to subvert the Anglo - Irish accord . The Republican and Nationalist Components It is important to note that the political party system in the Republic of Ireland is largely based on the divisions in the national - popular consciousness which occurred at the time of the Irish civil war . To simplify a rather complex historical phenomenon , it can be said that the present political division between Fianna Fail and Fine Gael originates in positions taken by opponents in that war . The civil war was not fought over the partition of the island as is popularly believed . In parallel with the Republic , class politics has flourished even less on the protestant loyalist side , despite the periodic strength of protestant trade unionism ( Patterson 1980 ) . There did exist the small Northern Ireland Labour Party which disappeared after the fall of Stormont ; but it had been based on industrial workers , particularly in the shipyards , and remained much smaller in size than its Southern counterpart . As Gibbon has noted , the cases of both Irish nationalism and Ulster unionism remain the two most spectacular class alliances in the political history of the British Isles ( 1975 : 3 ) . The cause in both cases appears to be the strength of catholic nationalist and protestant loyalist popular consciousness and the way in which the cultural and material interests of the subordinate classes appear to be represented by the alliances themselves and their institutions . By providing core beliefs , and by reinforcing their separateness for both alliances , religious beliefs and institutions equally suppress class divisions , become embroiled in cementing alliances , and help retain the overall divisional structure of Ireland as a whole . The high court decision , announced at the end of December in that year , found on behalf of SPUC and declared such counselling by the Dublin Well Woman Centre and the Open Line counselling service to be illegal and ordered them to cease their public information service on the issue by 12 January 1987 . As the ruling only applies to the institutions named , SPUC intends to get further banning orders made against other groups and named individuals as and when it becomes necessary ( Irish Times , 30 Dec. 1986 ) . It should be noted that contraceptives which can result in an abortion , often termed abortifacients and including devices such as the coil and spermicidal lubricants and jellies , remain illegal in Ireland . The Roman Catholic Hierarchy and the New Ireland Forum The next significant event of constitutional relevance was the important initiative taken by the nationalist parties in Ireland in 19834 , the New Ireland Forum . Religious education in these schools is officially non - denominational or biblically based and loyalist sentiments are promoted . But religious education has been known to be fundamentalist and in some cases anti - catholic , depending on the teacher . It is important to note that , since the system began in the late 1920s , there has never been a significant move to split up the schools for use by the separate denominations , something which would have been feasible in the larger towns . The Northern public - sector schools come from the partly voluntary system of pre - Partition . In 1928 , these schools entered the system of maintained schools , whereby , in exchange for full payment of current costs and 65 per cent of capital expenditure , the former owners and managers , usually churches , were allowed two - thirds representation on the local board of management , with the other third coming from the local authority . This prescriptive approach has been repeated as recently as October 1988 , when the director of the Council for Catholic Maintained Schools in Northern Ireland said that people who sent their children to integrated schools rather than catholic ones were breaking the law of the church . There is also strong central support from Rome which places catholic education at the centre of its cultural catholicism ideal . It should be noted that the largest threat to totalizing control of schools in Ireland has so far come from the integrated schooling movement . This movement has a double constituency , one in the Northern , the other in the Southern , state . Their membership , mainly middle - class , have met considerable difficulty in trying to achieve their limited goals integrated schooling for the children of those parents who wish it though some of the membership in the early days were aiming at a total integration of the schooling system . It is an often - repeated truism to say that the institution of the pub is unique to Britain but it is still one which is well worth resurrecting . It is also a fairly obvious statement to say that historic pubs have served the function well for hundreds of years . As Alan Crawford noted in the SAVE/CAMRA report Time Gentlemen Please of 1983 , old pubs are not isolated or monumental , but part of the fabric of the city , and of people 's ordinary lives , street - corner history . They are not arcane but easily enjoyable . They are not inaccessible but quite the reverse , and they have their original working use still . In October of that year the AR regretted that nearly all competition entries had evaded the key problem and had signally failed to achieve the genuine pub atmosphere . Contemporary design , the magazine 's editor regretted , because it has no roots in the vernacular idiom will not appear immediately familiar , whilst the mock - Tudor and the mock - Georgian styles which have been so prevalent no matter how misguided in themselves have sprung from a genuine attempt to preserve a traditional atmosphere . As pub designer Tim May noted in his address to CAMRA 's AGM of 1990 : By any objective standards , the competition was a disaster . The response of the 1960s and 70s to this failure to capture the essence of the traditional pub was the ruthlessly - applied corporate image and the proliferation of fun theme - pubs . Thankfully , most of the more extreme excesses of the theme pub craze so ably analysed by Christopher Hutt in his classic work of 1973 have now disappeared . Disregard for the individual qualities of pub interiors can be fatal . A pub , like any other old building , is far more than just its principle facade , or its four walls . As Neil Richardson noted in 1980 , An old town pub is not just an attractive Victorian or Georgian facade , it is a building which is still being used for the purpose for which it was built . The design of interiors are as valid today as they were in earlier times the vaults , snugs , parlours , each with their own character , can still provide a pleasant , varied atmosphere . However , to public and professionals alike many old buildings are still regarded as representing little more than four external walls . Architecturally , the inn was often distinguished by an inner courtyard , sometimes with gallery , reached through an archway in the facade . Some examples from the pre - reformation period , such as the magnificent George Inn at Norton St. Philip , Somerset , originally constructed in the 14th century , were established by monasteries for pilgrims and travellers ; but after the dissolutions of the 1530s all were held in secular hands and subsequently catered for the increasing number of road travellers in the 16th century and the stage coach trade that first appeared in the early 17th century . William Harrison noted in 1587 that : In all our inns we have plenty of ale , beer and sundry kinds of wine and such is the capacity of some of these that they are able to lodge two hundred or three hundred persons and their horses . In the medieval period the church was also involved in the brewing of its own church - ales , which were made on an occasional basis and produced a useful income supplement ; in late medieval times these were often served in the Church House that frequently adjoined the churchyard . Countless other pubs which date from the Georgian period , or at least incorporate a significant element of Georgian building work , have suffered similar fates . National brewing giants such as Allied or Whitbread , though , are not the only villains ; small independent firms can be just as insensitive in their treatment of their tied houses . Claire Hunt , for instance , noted in 1988 of North Western brewers Robinsons that they appear on the whole to be fairly oblivious to the individual merits of their historic pubs . One key problem with the more domestically - scaled Georgian pubs is that they were often originally conceived as , or converted from , modest homes . The numerous internal partitions that result have often proved anathema to modern - day breweries . Management should regard a full training schedule as part of the total cost of the system and include this total sum in the system 's payback calculations . The computer system will only bring the returns that the company expects if the people using it are using the system fully , which can be guaranteed through investment in adequate training . It must also be noted that the computer systems generate information and it is how this information is used that influences the returns on the total package . The onus is on the company to ensure that staff are making intelligent decisions on the information that the computer system provides and this comes from in - house training . Telephone Management Systems customer care director Anne Nunn also speaks for many suppliers when she talks about the imbalance between the knowledge required of hotel staff and the time devoted to training them . This funicular is looked after by an Englishman . You can rely upon the observations of Sven Hjerson for this . I noted him working on the machinery while we were waiting to ascend . He was dropping one of his tools and let forth a number of obscenities . His voice was what is called , I am understanding , Cockney or perhaps Australian . Always say to yourself , I will select a field just in case I do n't find lift . Failure to keep wind direction in mind and to orientate This is largely a matter of forming the habit of noting the wind from smoke or some other indication and of orientating yourself relative to the sun or an obvious feature such as a coast line , i.e. remember something along the lines of Into wind is into sun , or say to yourself , I must land with the sun over my left shoulder , etc. If you are scratching in weak lift , you may be able to see which way you have drifted after a few circles . Near the coast , watch for large wind changes due to sea breezes . ( Krantz is modelled on Rosengarten in The Favourite Game , though highly fictionalised . ) He was always impressed with Leonard 's room , which he found to resemble more a study than a youth 's bedroom already the style was evident . In particular he remembers the very smart set of poetry classics , and noted his friend 's compulsive reading of them . Indifferent student Leonard might have been formally , he was nevertheless already showing those precocious marks of the littrateur , always an ideas man , as Rosengarten commented . Leonard also had a little room in the basement in which a piano was kept , where they spent much time together . This report looks at the effect of the introduction of Income Support and Family Credit in terms of the standard of service , the impact on low income families and the staffing needed . Amongst its conclusions , the report welcomes the emphasis being placed by the DSS and Social Security Benefits Agency ( SSAB ) on customer care , and the recognition that much remains to be done to be sure that an adequate service is given . They note that relocation and reorganisation programmes are expected to improve the service and also that it is the intention to provide training and advice to staff on dealing properly with customers . A system of assessing tolerable and desirable standards at offices is being used based on 13 different factors such as accuracy and time for applications to be processed . In giving evidence , Michael Bichard , Chief Executive of the SSAB , listed the 14 offices ( out of around 470 ) that failed to reach tolerable standards . One of the most successful ways of giving a different quality to the steps and poses of classical dance and of transforming them into demi - caractre style is to relate them intimately to appropriate music . Every country has its own way of performing the traditional dances which go hand in hand with certain musical characteristics . Choreographers should note the particular relationships between steps and notes , enchanements and phrases and how strong or weak beats affect the rhythm . They cannot be too strict about this relationship , for the score , whether commissioned or arranged , will only give some flavour of the traditional ways of singing and dancing . This can be easily recognised if Bizet 's music for Carmen is compared with De Falla 's fur The Three - Cornered Hat . The whole performance is based on the classical vocabulary of steps shorn of every convention so that he can go swifter than an arrow from an archer 's bow . Every leap , turn , beat and somersault is perfectly co - ordinated with the phrase and with the music despite the fact that the dance scarcely reflects the period when the music was composed as does Ashton 's choreography in other ballets ( see page 42 ) . Choreographers should therefore note that it is possible to design movements which may contradict the music that is being played , but not if they contradict the mood and rhythmic qualities of the whole context . Mendelssohn 's music is light - hearted . It does not probe the deeper emotions . His Petersburg counts for an awful lot . The illusionism which conjures a complete and natural ( I would prefer apocalypticnatural ) city out of materials as unpromising as the colour yellow , also yields up Raskolnikov like a natural secretion , and this vouchsafing process encompasses and transcends the resources both of first - and third - person narrative . To stay with yellow for a moment : we noted a paring - down to the bare bones of yellow water in a yellow glass when Raskolnikov comes to after fainting on his first visit to the police station . An opposite movement occurs with the elements of oppressive heat and smell on that same momentous fourth floor . In the first draft of the scene neither are mentioned . When we come to whip and dipole antennas , Gameson criticises the whip for not being directional and the dipole for being directional ! Incidentally , a horizontal dipole without parasitic elements is not unidirectional it is bi - directional , having exactly the same figure - of - eight response as a ferrite rod antenna ! Having noted Gameson 's earlier remarks about a deep null , it is surprising to read that The ferrite rod is electromagnetically non - directional , and then to return to the very sharp null idea in the next paragraph . Furthermore , VHF ferrite rod antennas are not less affected by standing waves than whips . Unfortunately Gameson 's remark about listeners ' confusion is true . A further consideration about feminist criticism , is that it is more practical than theoretical , in a familiar English way , and that unlike other schools in the rainbow coalition , it is actively concerned in producing readings of particular texts . Most of them are produced by women , who provide insights that come from relating female experience to a body of writing ; logically , there is no reason why these insights should not be available to male critics with the right sympathies and sensibility , but in practice most of this criticism is by women . Such criticism , it is worth noting , is basically mimetic ; literature is assumed to relate to experience . Feminist criticism , like Marxist , is avowedly evaluative , which sharply distinguishes it from the generality of current academic criticism , of whatever school . This is desirable in itself , though I do not warm to the feminist MacCarthyism which subjects texts to a close , hostile interrogation in a search for sexist attitudes . The slowdown in military spending and escalating costs of armament programmes will make it increasingly difficult for any company , even one the size of BAe , to go it alone . The recent improvement in East - West relations must also make the market for military equipment less favourable . But as Professor Smith himself notes , there is one important caveat to this argument . Any increased concentration among defence suppliers will depend crucially on the attitudes of individual governments . Past experience suggests that some governments , at least , may not be prepared to sit this one out . The price he is offering is fair , based on operating profits without liquidiating the airline , said analyst Louis Marckesano of Philadelphia 's Janney Scott Montgomery . But the question here is Is this for real ? American , other analysts noted , has had several months to prepare contingencies for a hostile takeover attempt , and probably has a restructuring deal of its own waiting in the wings . Foreign participation in such a scheme is unlikely , given the apparent opposition of Washington , and the fact that American chairman Robert Crandall is an outspoken critic of such an arrangement . Lufthansa is a likely partner , should American change its mind , suggests Mr Marckesano . A SALESMAN turned detective and led police to the bloodstained body of the pregnant wife Marie Wilks , the M50 murder trial heard yesterday . William Farrell had seen a Renault 25 car parked beside a crash barrier as he drove past . When he heard of the disappearance of Mrs Wilks , 22 , he drove back down the motorway and noted the marker post number where he saw the car . Then he took two detectives to the Queenshill Bridge over the river Severn , Shrewsbury Crown Court was told on the third day of the trial . Mr Farrell , of Ross - on - Wye , Hereford and Worcester , showed them where he saw the car parked and pointed out a skid mark on the hard shoulder . They also consider whether the means used are reasonably proportionate to the aims pursued : in European parlance , the principle of proportionality . It is this gap between reasonableness , in the English legal sense , and proportionality in the European sense , which leaves the United Kingdom particularly vulnerable before the European Court of Human Rights . Again and again , the European Court has noted the narrowness of the English test for reviewing the merits of official decisions , and has gone on to find a breach of the convention by the UK . Two appeals are pending against the High Court 's failure to adopt proportionality as the appropriate standard for review . In one case , Dr Colman , a registered medical practitioner was prevented by the Code of Conduct of the General Medical Council , from advertising the nature and availability of his practice in local newspapers . Corresponding figures in building and construction are 320 , up from 315 last year . The other worrying trend is that the companies getting into difficulty are tending to be larger . The increase noted is too significant to be attributable to inflation . This all adds up to a bleak picture for corporate UK . The fastest growing industry seems to be receivership and , alas , you cannot buy shares in Cork Gulley . Unita has been proposing a ceasefire followed by an interim coalition government and winner - take - all free elections . The US supports Mr Savimbi 's position . A White House statement noted the United States ' 'longstanding support for a ceasefire and face - to - face negotiations , and , ultimately free and fair elections ' . Mr Savimbi says he has no intention of going into exile , or of integrating his forces . Why are we going to surrender ? However , mineralogical analysis showed that the substance cannot be found on Earth . But additional tests are needed to reach a more definite conclusion . Meanwhile , one odd coincidence must be noted : the banana - shaped object and characteristic illuminated sign were apparently similarly described by an American journal , Saga . But , as Tass concluded : It is unlikely that residents of Voronezh could have read the magazine . PC accused of raping woman in patrol car While numbers of new AIDS cases reported officially each month have remained relatively steady , there has been a big increase in those needing expert medical and nursing advice at home with a 24 - hour on call back up. The numbers with pain are also higher . Those at home often need opiates ( morphine - like medicines ) for pain , while one in five will also need a special battery - operated syringe pump , especially if they are too weak to swallow . Specialist care The picture then has changed and we now need to plan for increasing numbers of those with chronic illnesses needing specialist community care not just volunteers , although volunteers continue to have a vitally important role to play . ( See Amnesty Oct/Nov 1990 ) . The four members of the National Police were arrested in June 1990 . At their trial , the judge is believed to have added 25 per cent to each sentence specifically because the police had carried out the attack while operating in their official capacity . In April AI learned that warrants had been issued for the arrest of two police officers and a civilian in connection with the killing of 17 - year - old Anstraum Aman Villagrn Morales . Anstraum Villagrn was shot and killed on 25 June 1990 in Guatemala City by two uniformed police officers . Perhaps he will be back next time . The novel 's third scene or zone is the city itself . The automobile has turned the city inside out , ranging new communities around the periphery and letting the centre rot : not far from the centre is an old slum district where the gangs operate . They are a reality , whereas the guerrillas are only a dream phantasmagorical . But they are a reality which Naipaul treats in such a way that they , too , can at times seem phantasmagorical . Above all you need new audience experience now you are out of drama school . And , although nobody wishes to be exploited with low wages and very difficult conditions , it is frankly better to find the ways and means of presenting yourself somehow , than not perform at all . The new actor is generally operating in top gear and if this momentum is stopped it can be very damaging to the morale and can result in an actor 's technical skills going rusty something to be avoided at all costs . To speak of further training programmes now may sound like a mere desperate remedy , but it does n't mean anything as arduous or as expensive as the full training of your drama school . Actors who are serious about their work always look on the voice and movement class as an important part of their life . Examples of different types of electric pumps . The two on the left are metered pumps serving exact half - pints , the ones on the right are free flow pumps The classic bank of Victorian beer engines showing the suction pumps operated by handpulls . An experienced cellarman checking a cask of ale to make sure that the beer has dropped bright and is ready to be served . CAMRA FACT SHEET No 5 At De Vere all hotels now have telephone loggers to make sure no mistakes are made . Gwent declares war on home caterers ENVIRONMENTAL health officers ( EHOs ) in Gwent have shut down a backstreet kitchen operating from a terraced house after a salmonella outbreak . A local council spokesman said the council had declared war on large - scale home catering because of the outbreak . Food for more than 100 guests at two wedding receptions was alleged to have been prepared at the kitchen . As the table on page 88 shows , there is a huge choice of pasta as an ingredient . For many years caterers could obtain only dried pasta . But since the early 1980s , chilled fresh pasta has also been on the market , from large and small suppliers operating on both national and regional bases . In the past five or six years , foodservice companies have also been able to supply frozen pasta . John Bray , senior brand manager for Nestl Foodservice , which supplies both dried and frozen pasta , is keen to dispel any thought that one type of pasta is better or worse than another . The job paid quite well and I could perhaps at that stage have afforded somewhere slightly better to live , but I 'd got used to my new home and I was still keen to try and build up some savings again . The building I was now working in housed a number of statutory and voluntary social - services organizations . My job was to operate the telephone switchboard , sort the morning post , direct house - callers to the appropriate organization , and that was about it . The telephones kept me just about busy but the potential for job satisfaction in the tasks I was required to do was almost nil . This was , I kept telling myself , just a staging post . First open the brakes or spoilers fully , checking them visually whenever this is possible . Then close them with a firm push on the lever in order to establish the habit . The pilot should be able to feel the geometric lock operating just after the airbrakes are flush with the wing surface . In some cases there is a gate for the lever to go into once the brakes are correctly locked . This operation needs to be explained and demonstrated to every student . Merely pushing the lever forwards as far as it will go is not enough because the lock may be very stiff . Modern gliders usually have spring - loaded caps which are pulled down firmly to prevent air leaking into or out of the wing . This makes the lock much stiffer to operate than on the earlier types of glider . A geometric lock which requires no force to lock is seriously out of adjustment . It may allow the airbrakes to open during a launch if the lever is knocked or if one side is unlocking a little before the other. To do this , we would like to recruit people who are willing to be an ACET - link in their church . An ACET - link person , possibly an existing volunteer , would keep their church informed about our work and encourage people to consider becoming volunteers , help with fundraising ideas and circulate newsletters . An ACET - link will play a vital role as our work is growing so rapidly . If you would like to know more about being an ACET - link , please contact Chris Catlin/Peter Glover on 081 840 7879 or write to ACET , PO Box 1323 , LONDON W5 5TF . Peter Johnson UK Director It was no particular shock when I found out ; I had expected the test to be positive . I was a very happy gay man. There was clearly a need to adapt my lifestyle , but playing the role of victim was never among my plans . You can be perfectly well with HIV and at other times chronic debility makes it hard to do even the basic things . In the early days the stigma of being HIV positive had driven away about 60 of my circle of friends . CHILDREN WITH HIV One of the saddest aspects of AIDS is the plight of children infected with HIV . For many families in Scotland , homecare plays a big part in alleviating some of the huge problems the face . Two out of five ACET clients in Scotland are women and therefore we anticipate an increase in the number of children needing care. We already support over 70 children who belong to the families we visit . Jailed for believing that her country should be run differently . Write to : Vera Chirwa and her husband Orton are British - trained lawyers , who played a leading role in the struggle for Malawi 's independence in 1964 . They went to Tanzania for 17 years following Orton 's sacking as a cabinet minister after a dispute with the President , and lived there for 17 years . Orton Chirwa formed an opposition party in exile . The violence in America is frightening . Homicides reached 23,000 in 1990 , an increase of 15 per cent on the previous year . Drugs , poverty and the availability of hand guns all play their part . But rather than address these basic problems , politicians look for the quick fix anything that sounds good in a sound - bite will do . Unfortunately , increased use of the death penalty appears to be the most popular solution . By the 1920s a characteristic book , as for example Czanne : a study of his development by Roger Fry , published in 1927 , had black and white photographic illustrations only . In either case , the absence of colour gave an incentive to the authors to provide evocative descriptions . These descriptions were vital to writing about these two artists in whose work colour plays so important a part . At the end of the twentieth century , at least some colour illustrations are likely to find places in a monograph . They may , however , not be exactly what the author would have preferred , as a colour plate which is readily available ( perhaps having been used in another publication ) is much cheaper to use than a new plate which has to be commissioned . What relationship exists between the painting and the vision of reality that the artist has before his eyes ? At no time have I believed that environment is a complete explanation of art . I am sure , however , that it plays an important role . The photographs were taken over a period of ten years , and eventually they were brought together in a book in 1960 ; ten of the book 's essays originally appeared in Vogue , where the appealing mix of an artist 's conversation along with Liberman 's descriptions and commentary succeeded well . Here is one of the descriptions from the profile on Georges Braque : America has had many unsuccessful attempts to form a national repertory theatre , performing the classics of the English language , and one wonders whether it will ever be possible to get this going effectively . It 's often thought that previous attempts have failed because there are n't enough well - trained classical actors in the USA to make such a repertory company feasible , but this is increasingly not the case : American drama students are eager to train in the UK , and the percentage of successful auditions held is relatively high . In Great Britain the ear becomes accustomed to the native British voice handling the classical text , but this really should not hinder American actors ; they need not become totally accentless in order to play classical verse . Instead they need to find out the rhythms of speech which make the music of the verse work in dramatic form . Many American students working in British drama schools find the answer to this question by using what is called standard American , and this approach is being used now in training on both sides of the Atlantic . The selection is right if it truly works for the competing student , and it is the quality and force of the imagination that will carry off the performance of the piece . The most important thing is your firm knowledge that the selection is within your present range . It 's not much use arriving somewhere at ten in the morning clutching the collected works under your arm and wishing you had a wig and been born thirty years earlier in order to play Lear or for that matter the Duke of Gloucester . Major roles for older women are not so common in Shakespeare , but I think it is better not to choose a character such as Queen Katherine from Henry VIII , who needs a richness of seniority to convey the dramatic interest . If you do want to portray an older figure , it would be preferable to try Hermione in The Winter 's Tale she is a more fantastical character , without the added complications of historical authenticity , and so allows for greater flexibility of characterisation . Act 5 , Scene 1 Comment This extract is made up of two consecutive speeches to Jessica ; either speech can be played for an audition , but if you have the time to do them both together the extract works well . Remember that this is an intimate scene with Jessica , and you should identify her clearly throughout . Allow the freshness of the thoughts to dominate , letting one idea lead into another . Comment This is reflective speech ; the character seems rootless and so there is no definite accent or background indicated . We gather that he comes from the university where they are now playing the concert . After taking the cigarette ( an important prop in this speech ) Arthur changes tack . He seems to be talking in a series of jumpy thoughts . Discussing a character and finding an outline of what is required in a half hour tutorial can save a lot or time on a tight rehearsal schedule . But a tutorial need not be directly connected with a production in rehearsal . The student may want to find out more about the kind of parts he/she may play in the future , or indeed may have played during the time already spent at drama school . Perhaps certain parts played in the past have not succeeded , and it may be possible to investigate why . It is common for students to return to a part that has given them many ideas , and to rework a passage fruitfully . Letters and the curriculum vitae Writing letters about yourself is never easy we tend either to say too much or too little . Nobody wants a florid letter from someone they have never seen before but as an actor your style and personality must come through sufficiently a bare list of parts played wo n't convey much . Prepare details on a separate sheet of paper : your name , height , colouring , and the parts you have played in training . The accompanying letter needs to be personal and brief and should certainly not be sycophantic or name dropping . Trained at Webber Douglas Academy . She won the 1984 Carlton Hobb 's Radio Award at the BBC and completed a contract with the Repertory Company in July 1985 . Prior to this she played Ophelia in both Hamlet and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead for Theatr Clwyd and on tour . Also played Anna in Self - inflicted Wounds by Tom Kempinski . A.R. She won the 1984 Carlton Hobb 's Radio Award at the BBC and completed a contract with the Repertory Company in July 1985 . Prior to this she played Ophelia in both Hamlet and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead for Theatr Clwyd and on tour . Also played Anna in Self - inflicted Wounds by Tom Kempinski . A.R. Although you won the BBC radio competition for a place in the BBC Repertory company straight from drama school , you decided to start your career by playing Ophelia in Hamlet at Theatr Clwyd . So you played quite a bit in the classics during training . J.F. I finished by playing Isabella in a production of Women Beware Women in a 1950 's style which may have helped when I came to my Ophelia , which was loosely based on a Princess Di concept . But I think my most rewarding part at drama school was Carol in David Storey 's play Sisters . A.R. J.F. I always wanted to do the heavy parts . But I love playing comedy and then I 'm not very tall . Perhaps radio will allow me to play all the unsuitable roles that I ca n't do visually in the theatre , where it 's just the voice and the character . A.R. But being trained to use your singing voice is really good . Perhaps some of the voice teaching was repetitive in the second term , but when there was a change in voice tutor who developed pieces of your own choice rather than just vocal exercises the whole thing came alive and interesting . I think that drama school stops you playing safe too early on in life and encourages you to take risks . I think if you do n't go to train and still find your way into the profession some of the essential things you need to know about and be able to do will take that much longer to achieve . Amanda Root And when you went back to RADA you finished your final term with what ? K.B. I played Hamlet , which was a wonderful chance . It got me noticed here although I think the one - man show I did outside on my own was the real deciding factor with the RSC . A.R. K.B. Yes . I had the chance to audition for the transfer to London cast of Another Country which requires young actors to play seventeen - year - olds . Again , there were difficulties with Equity when I was selected and the whole thing had to go to arbitration because the company stood out for the casting it wanted . A.R. Yes , it did . Although the story of my doing Balthazar B and the Beastly Beatitudes is a bit strange inasmuch as I ended up playing the part that was completely opposite from the one I was originally intended to do . That had more to do with management and the presentation of the play to those who were backing it so instead of playing Beefy , who is described as the world 's most beatific observer I played the opposite number who was the world 's last shy elegant young man. Which was right be had no resemblance to what is commercially thought of a typecasting in any way it 's just that the mixture was right with Simon Callow . A.R. Which was right be had no resemblance to what is commercially thought of a typecasting in any way it 's just that the mixture was right with Simon Callow . A.R. And later much later at the National Theatre playing the young Captain Absolute did that grow out of being seen in these performances ? P.R. I 'm sure it did . Linda Marlow Trained at Central School of Speech and Drama . On leaving she joined the Repertory Company at Worthing and played a great deal on the repertory circuit . Since those days she has done a great deal of work with Steven Berkoff particularly in his play for two people , Decadence which she has played in London , Los Angeles and Dublin . She co - founded , wrote and performed with a rock group in the early 70 's called The Sadista Sisters . Trained at Central School of Speech and Drama . On leaving she joined the Repertory Company at Worthing and played a great deal on the repertory circuit . Since those days she has done a great deal of work with Steven Berkoff particularly in his play for two people , Decadence which she has played in London , Los Angeles and Dublin . She co - founded , wrote and performed with a rock group in the early 70 's called The Sadista Sisters . In films She has recently completed a feature role in Mr Love for David Puttnam . Born in South Africa . Repertory seasons at Liverpool Everyman Theatre , Nottingham playhouse , Edinburgh Lyceum . In London played in Teeth n Smiles and Cloud Nine at the Royal Court Theatre . John , Paul , George , Ringo and Bert , Goosepimples , Gone West ( National Theatre ) King Lear , Tartuffe , Mayday , Richard III and Red Noses with the Royal Shakespeare Company . Television includes The History Man and films Shadey . It is thought that the Government may soon double this fine . Since its implementation , fines totalling more than 24 million have been imposed under the Act and clearly some airlines have adopted practices aimed at minimizing the number of penalties incurred . The fining of airlines plus the fact that the nationals of many refugee - producing countries now need visas to travel to this country , has made it extremely difficult for many people wishing to apply for asylum , to reach the UK . When people are fleeing from fear of imprisonment , torture or death , they will use any means available to reach a safe country . For many people attempting to escape from state persecution , it is impossible to apply for a passport to the very authorities who are inflicting the persecution . It might be thought that this was a natural consequence of the popularity of great artists , but in fact the economics of publishing result in some bizarre decisions about art books . The reader with a love of art is not always at the front of a publisher 's attention . Art books are expensive to produce , especially if they contain colour illustrations . One way for a publisher to finance the publication of an art book is to act with other publishers who will share costs ; an alternative is to find a subsidy . Both these strategies affect choices of subjects for art books . An exception may be illustrated by a passage from a classic biography , that of John Constable by Charles Leslie . Leslie was himself a painter , and thus comments in his own right on his friend 's art , as here on a painting of Hampstead Heath : I have before noticed that what are commonly called warm colours are not necessary to produce the impression of warmth in landscape ; and this picture affords , to me , the strongest possible proof of the truth of this . The sky is of the blue of an English summer day , with large , but not threatening , clouds of a silvery whiteness . The distance is of a deep blue , and the near trees and grass of the freshest green ; for Constable could never consent to parch up the verdure of nature to obtain warmth . In seeing African sculpture reproduced , the reader can remember that this art is to an extent being misrepresented by photography . Secondly , the formal analysis which is second nature to a Western critic can be fruitful , even though it could be argued that this is a way of interpreting the objects of an unfamiliar culture rather than a description . A further type of difficulty arises in descriptions of works produced in far Eastern cultures . While a Western eye is familiar with the process of looking , as it were , through an image to what it represents or means , an Eastern critic looks also at the surface of a painting or a drawing , in which a poem or other calligraphic element may form an integral part of the work . Chinese painting and calligraphy are visual arts on much of an equal footing . The accent must be scrupulously well done : it 's her truth , her vocal identity , her prison . Training at drama school All training for the theatre is aiming to produce a person with all - round performing skills , equipped and ready to work in the world of entertainment . It is easy to understand this , but it 's not so easy to evaluate the different elements of theatre training , and see just how they contribute to the making of that elusive thing , a compleat actor . I have always considered drama training to be based on simple precepts , for acting is not a complicated art . What changed with the partition of Ireland in 1920 was that the two dominant alliances were internally reorganized . In particular the protestant bloc lost the Southern protestant landowning gentry . The two alliances were ascribed territories in which to produce their social structures , political institutions , coercive bodies , informal and interpersonal networks of maintaining influence , and more clearly defined hegemonic cultures . The two societies gave expression to their own dominant interests as far as possible unhindered by each other 's interference . The process was assisted in the North by the self - exclusion of Britain from internal Ulster affairs by setting up the Stormont parliament which survived from 1922 to 1972 . A small full - time staff based in St Albans looks after the day - to - day administration and finances of the Campaign and produced a monthly newspaper , What 's Brewing , and the annual Good Beer Guide . A subsidiary publishing company , Alma Books , has been set up to produce a number of guide books and the Campaign also works with commercial publishers to produce such titles as Classic Town and Country Pubs and Beer , Bed and Breakfast . In its short history , CAMRA has produced many reports on the structure of the industry and the need to refashion it to meet consumer needs . It has involved itself energetically in such issues as pub opening hours and the additives and adjuncts used in the brewing process . In particular , it has lobbied both the British Parliament and the European institutions with demands to break up the brewing monopolies and to restore greater choice to pub users . Neither the airing cupboard nor the garden shed in winter are satisfactory . If the temperature is too low the beer will stop fermenting . If the temperature is too high , the yeast will mutate and produce unpleasant off flavours in the beer . Primary fermentation takes from three to five days. It is advisable to leave the bucket loosely covered and not to skim off the yeast head . During the 20th century an historic architectural character perhaps most typically that of the timber framed building has become popular with , and desirable to , both publicans and brewers . In many cases this has resulted in the introduction of faked features and the associated destruction of existing features which , though often of architectural and historic interest in their own right , do not fit in with the designer 's concept of the pub 's ideal form . Artificial plastic beams are frequently introduced , ceilings are stripped of plaster to reveal floor joists that were never intended to be seen , other timbers are artificially blackened to create a supposedly traditional though in fact inauthentic black and white effect and render or plaster is removed from walls to produce rustic charm . At the Saracen 's Head at Towcester , for example , a recent proposal to historicise the pub involved extensive destruction of genuine historic fabric and the introduction of the worst cliches of traditional pub detail , such as bulls - eye glass and copper lanterns . In recent years serious damage to the historic interiors of pubs has resulted from the creation of the open - plan which now seem to be pubs ' standard internal layout . The working party has authority to form a draft EC directive . The whole issue is to be debated as a conference in Luxembourg in September 1992 . Mr Kidd said the committee was producing a draft guide for management which would include a review of existing legislation in six European countries . It is clear that UK standards are the highest at the moment . I would have thought the UK hotelier would have nothing to fear from a European directive , he said . SWEET Finally for something which is a real indulgence . The remote island of Pantelleria , off the coast of Sicily and more than halfway to Tunisia , produces a superb dessert wine . The Moscato di Pantelleria from Marco de Bartoli has a glistening mahogany colour and is at once aromatic , grapy and intensely rich . It drinks wonderfully with chocolate desserts . The company has just added Flute Penne ridged tubes which are ideal for trapping sauces and Conchiglie Tricolore ( shells ) to its range . Sauces cling more easily to complex - shaped pasta . For this reason , some of the pasta shapes from Valerio 's Olympia Group are produced with brass extruders . This , according to the company , gives the pasta a home - made look and a porosity which allows better sauce absorption . Some shapes also have internal ridging , which aids uniform cooking . He was leaning against the rail smoking a cigarette and staring with an air of melancholy towards the distant island . Not a very lady - like performance , the ample , beflowered lady pronounced , with a look of pinched disapproval in the direction of the girl in the prow . Briefly lifting his cap , the ginger giant produced , in foreign - accented English , a decidedly non - committal reply . The large lady was not to be put off , however . Tell me , she said , leaning forwards with a smile at once coy and overwhelming , I must know . Fred has a vicious quality , but he 's childlike . He may bring problems but he also helps to solve them . DROP DEAD FRED is produced by Working Title , whose films we are celebrating throughout the Festival , so it 's particularly appropriate that their latest success opens the Festival . Expect the Young Ones crossed with Beetlejuice , Kevin Turvey meets the Female Brat Pack ( Phoebe Cates , Bridget Fonda ) and an example of how to make an Anglo - American film and make it work . DROP DEAD FRED is set to be this year 's A FISH CALLED WANDA ! working title : the story so far One of the real success stories of British film - making in the 80 's was Tim Bevan and Sarah Radclyffe 's production company Working Title , and that success is continuing into the 90 's . In partnership with Graham Bradstreet , Bevan and Radclyffe have , as a company and individually , produced a wide range of successful film and TV dramas and documentaries , making them one of the UK 's most creative and innovative independent film and television partnerships . Formed in 1984 , Working Title achieved their breakthrough with MY BEAUTIFUL LAUNDRETTE , one of the most important films in the British cinema renaissance of the mid - Eighties . But Bevan and Radclyffe quickly proved that Laundrette was not a one hit wonder by going on to produce WISH YOU WERE HERE , which made Emily Lloyd a Hollywood hot property , followed by the powerful and moving A WORLD APART . In partnership with Graham Bradstreet , Bevan and Radclyffe have , as a company and individually , produced a wide range of successful film and TV dramas and documentaries , making them one of the UK 's most creative and innovative independent film and television partnerships . Formed in 1984 , Working Title achieved their breakthrough with MY BEAUTIFUL LAUNDRETTE , one of the most important films in the British cinema renaissance of the mid - Eighties . But Bevan and Radclyffe quickly proved that Laundrette was not a one hit wonder by going on to produce WISH YOU WERE HERE , which made Emily Lloyd a Hollywood hot property , followed by the powerful and moving A WORLD APART . Chris Menges ' directorial debut which received critical acclaim and festival awards throughout the world . One of the strengths of the company has been their ability to produce films with a wide range of styles and subject , without losing their commitment to brave and adventurous film - making . Their list of successes includes PERSONAL SERVICES ( a Zenith production ) , CARAVAGGIO ( produced by Sarah Radclyffe for the BFI ) SAMMY AND ROSIE GET LAID , FOR QUEEN AND COUNTRY , PAPERHOUSE and FOOLS OF FORTUNE . They have also set up their own television production company , WTTV , developing projects including NEWSHOUNDS with Alison Steadman and Adrian Edmondson , which won the top prize in the Best Television Film category at last year 's BAFTA awards . They also produced LORNA DOONE with Clive Owen , and are now working on a series based on the children 's classic THE BORROWERS and a major drama series adapted from Armistead Maupin 's cult novels TALES OF THE CITY . Working Title have a slate of releases for 1991 which is more than impressive : in addition to ROBIN HOOD produced by Sarah Radclyffe for 20th Century Fox , they have also completed two American based productions : DROP DEAD FRED with Rik Mayall and Phoebe Cates and RUBIN AND ED . Meanwhile , in the UK , LONDON KILLS ME , EDWARD II and DAKOTA ROAD were all recently completed . A journalist with NBC News for five years since 1982 , Bill joined TWI in February 1987 . Executive Producer of TWI 's much heralded live coverage of England 's Cricket Tour of the West Indies in 1990 , for Sky/BBC . Pioneered Channel 4 's coverage of Women 's Football and developed and produced the outdoor adventure series Conquer the Arctic for Channel 4 , Chris Evert 's Wimbledon Farewell for the BBC and the two best selling Nick Faldo Golf Instructional videos . Bill was also responsible for winning TWI the BSB Sports Channel production contract , overseeing the development of the production team and Sports Channel output . television weekend conference His three plays about Scotland ( THERE IS A HAPPY LAND , BORDER WARFARE , JOHN BROWN'S BODY ) were produced for Channel 4 as part of a 9 hour trilogy on the popular history of Scotland . He also adapted Beryl Bainbridge 's THE DRESSMAKER for the cinema . His most recent film work was the script for ROBIN HOOD ( starring Patrick Bergin ) which Working Title produced for Twentieth Century Fox . ( ROBIN HOOD is showing at the Triangle Cinema on Wednesday September 25 ) . John McGrath is in conversation with Mary Cutler ( THE ARCHERS ' scriptwriter and screen writer for Zone Productions ) . location birmingham EVENTS at a glance As a location for drama production , the City of Birmingham and the region has an unrivalled tradition for both the popularity of the series produced , and originality of the subject matter portrayed , for example EMPIRE ROAD , GANGSTERS , SECOND CITY FIRST , ANGELS ( all BBC ) , CROSSROADS , MUCK AND BRASS , BOON , SOLDIER , SOLDIER , ( Central Television ) . The city 's two television centres have provided popular and award winning dramas for the network schedules and this success story continues in exemplary fashion under the direction of Ted Childs ( Central Films ) and Barry Hanson ( BBC Drama , Pebble Mill ) . The Festival series of four drama presentations , LOCATION BIRMINGHAM , is an opportunity for the general public to discuss with the producers , directors , writers and performers ( if available ) their series : the origins of the idea for the series , the production background , the writers ' viewpoint , audience reaction , future plans etc. The BBC drama series , KINSEY , starring Leigh Lawson is featured in the section on the Media Business Seminars . KINSEY centred on a Birmingham solicitor and assumed cult - viewing status in its first run this year . SPECIALS is a new police drama series for BBC1 produced at BBC Pebble Mill . The first transmission is on October 2 , 1991 . The discussion of SPECIALS in the Festival on October 4 will be an immediate opportunity for the production team , the police force . He also founded the Junior Television Workshops in Nottingham and Birmingham . Sandra Hastie , producer of PRESS GANG , will also participate in the discussion . PRESS GANG ( produced by Richmond Films for Central Television ) was honoured with both a Royal Television Society Award and a British Academy Award in 1991 . PRESS GANG is Central 's cult drama series based on a team of news hungry teenagers . fifth and sixth form screenings If you want a mixture of species and colours , grow individual bulbs separately in plant pots and then plant up an arrangement using bulbs which have reached the same stage of development and look to be just about to flower . Plunge power It is essential that bulbs spend a period of time in cool , dark conditions before flowering ( this is known as plunging ) to ensure that a good root system is produced , otherwise stunted growth and deformed flowers can result . Older gardening books may recommend a cool cupboard indoors for plunging . But with central heating , it is now not always possible to provide an ideal plunging environment within the home . Aphids Green and blackfly ( but not whitefly ) , root aphids and the grey - coloured mealy cabbage aphid ; sap - feeding insects that multiply rapidly into dense colonies . Their numerous wingless progeny weaken and distort young plant growth as they feed , spread virus diseases and produce sticky honeydew which disfigures leaves and encourages sooty mould . Preventative sprays of systemic insecticides , and winter washes to kill aphid eggs , are often preferable to spraying establishing colonies which might contain predators . Slugs and snails Or you could plant blocks of distinct colours , divided by a neutral foliage plant . Two contrasting colours such a blue and yellow can look effective when freely mingled , each intensifying the impact of the other. Limiting a bed or an area of a border to all the various shades of a single colour produces a sophisticated effect , although on a larger scale it may appear monotonous unless relieved by a subtle use of green or variegated foliage . Colour all year round From April , when spring bulbs , shrubs and herbaceous plants start flowering in earnest , until the summer bedding is dismantled in late September , there should be no problem keeping the garden filled with colour . Massed conifers cast dense shadows and their fallen needles can upset the acid/alkaline balance of the soil . Some thinning may be necessary to admit enough light for plants such as rhododendrons , pieris and hostas to thrive . Unless very dense , the shady conditions produced by most garden trees can be turned to advantage by creating a miniature woodland that will suit shade - loving plants and offer a cool oasis in a hot summer . Even branches from a neighbour 's tree overhanging your garden can be exploited in this way . With a little unobtrusive thinning , you can regulate the amount of dappled shade and filtered sunlight to suit the kind of plants you would like to grow . ( In the air this is nothing to do with the actual wind . The aircraft is flying in a mass of air which may be stationary or moving . ) If an aircraft is very directionally stable because of a large fin , then the rudder will be less able to produce a large angle of yaw before this balance of forces occurs . With a smaller fin , the directional stability will be weaker , the rudder will be more effective and the angle of yaw will be far greater . On the ground Greenhill ( 1981 ) , then a lecturer at the college , discussed this history of police/sociology antagonism in detail , arguing a tendency in each side to discredit the other ; resulting in a situation where the number of published British texts and research studies on the sociology of the police may be numbered on the fingers of both hands . I suspect Greenhill was referring specifically to a dearth in the cultural analysis of policing , while his use of the duality of sides reveals another parallel binary to that of cops and robbers , with the police and sociology arraigned against each other in yet another of the wars which the police wage against those who defile the sanctity of their definition of the concept of order . Constant separations between the two categories are promoted , producing a dichotomized vision of left - wing , radical reformists , antagonistic to the right - minded boys in blue and includes a wealth of negative imagery of sociology which is lodged deep in the collective consciousness of the police mind . The sociologist , as I shall illustrate , is the despised , hairy , intellectual subversive , who is set against the clean and ordered British bobby . To reinforce a belief in their own omnipotence and popularity , the police have made increasing use of market research to show they are well liked ; especially by that important category the silent majority . Thus we need to explore in more concrete terms the operational aspects of the questions and the dilemmas they produce . ( Manning and Butler 1982 : 338 ) But if attempts to produce this concrete research are doomed to neglect or derision or to be defined as espionage , then what can be achieved ? The answer must be not a great deal ; for none of the portents of success are immediately apparent . WPC Dick 's salutary essay ( 1985 ) changed little and generated few ripples on the ACPO pond , while one of the most powerfully critical books on policing in recent years ( Jones 1980 ) seems to have had little effect on the structures of the organization , except , perhaps , to help draw its author then a chief inspector into the ACPO ranks . policeman student new policeman But there seems more to it than that ! It is the total change in perspective and new semantic outlook which ensures that the subjective nature of the liminal journey can be used as an essential part of the analysis ; for it can produce a dynamic simply because it incorporates aspects of a newly created ideological disjunction , as some classic accounts have shown . So that now , with the dubious benefit of hindsight and a keen awareness that memory and retrospective versions of reality are often skewed , I feel the subjective account must of necessity become part of the ethnography in which I play all of the parts . I am the institutional member as well as the marginally moving player . Quite often the divisional boundaries in the amalgamated force mirror the old , small force boundaries and men define themselves in relation to their early experience with perhaps an inner city ethic , a large - town police style , or in the framework of a more rural situation . In each case they inevitably begin to denigrate their opposite numbers for not doing real police work . Tribalism in the pre - amalgamated forces produced a very constricted vision of the world , so that spatial concepts and a narrow geographical containment held a paramount place in determining police reality . Today these are still of immense import , with men deriding those in another division or section , bragging that their villains are the toughest or their section tasks more numerous and arduous . An expressed desire for rigidly determined geographical units separated from a despised neighbour occurs again and again in my fieldnotes , and is clearly illustrated in a note made in 1981 , when a superintendent in a somewhat remote subdivision laughingly told me : This acquisition of special knowledge meant that when I was called to give evidence to the Advisory Council on Drug Abuse ( chaired by Baroness Wooton ) on the use of cannabis , I was perhaps more inclined to dwell on the symbolic dangers attributed to its use than on any alleged physical harm , simply because I was now aware that any reality in relation to cannabis use was more complex than could be contained in some easy binary of social value medical debilitation . Such awareness provided another means for the obsessive anxieties of the establishment to be counterbalanced from within , and as Jacobi ( 1967 : 22 ) suggests , created the potential ability to look truths in the eye and the courage to renounce what is no longer compatible . This , however , produces a further paradox , for this reflexive style , welding the practical mastery and special knowledge of the subjective insider to an objective interpretation of events is not one the institution of policing is geared up to handle . We were now floating between a world of the street - wise , the gentle hippie , the communal crash pad , the lecture hall , the courts , the addiction unit or hospital casualty department , and the front page . Our peers included our recent colleagues of yesterday in uniform and in the CID , but also took in the professor of psychiatry , the Home Office Drugs Branch official , the NHS executive , the sociologist , and the media hack . I just hope to God it does n't all go to his head and burn him out . They 're sharks in the art world . That 's why I like your end of it , OK , no one makes a million , but they keep producing . After I divorced Martin , the big blonde tugged strings and he became consultant designer for a detergent manufacturer . He was one of the first to design TV campaigns : you know , the super - hero voice advising the daffy housewife how she can best clean his clothes ? To move freely in any direction your stance must be unpolarised . This means that your centre of gravity must always lie mid - way between both feet . Any bias will slow down movement in one or more directions and produce a tell - tale lurch of the shoulders as the body - weight is shifted . The fighting stance is unpolarised , with weight distributed evenly . Note the low target profile commensurate with weapon 's availability Disguise your steps with feints that make the opponent blink , or which divert his attention elsewhere . Fast jabs to the face are ideal for this purpose , because if they look effective they cause the opponent to throw back his head . Circular techniques do not produce the same flinch and are correspondingly less effective at disguising a follow - up. However , even with straight jabs it is important that the technique looks effective . An obvious feint , or a punch that looks easy to avoid , may well encourage attack rather than succeed in diverting it . The business was in need of new blood , he had a widowed mother to consider , and his lineage through Nathan , Lyon and Lazarus claimed priestly not to say professional satisfaction . Leonard , sensitive to such pressures , was in deep doubt . Such time as he had spent on commercial subjects ( in vacations , etc ) had produced a profound dislike for them . This was not life ! He could not see himself chained to these realities for the next 40 or 50 years . The point of the experiments was this : strong social pressure was being put on these children to agree to a realist answer ( they were not allowed out of the room until they had an answer ! ) and if their usual tendency to interpret questions phenomenally is a trivial and weak effect then this social pressure should obliterate it . The result was that the social pressure had no effect at all . In children between four and eight years of age there was absolutely no difference between the number of realist answers produced by the pairs and by the control , solo children . They knew the realist option but did not take it as a way out of a social impasse , because , I would argue , the phenomenalist tendency of thought is too strong . What dominated their judgements was the salience of the illusion that was most up front in consciousness . Plato said that we should attempt to carve nature at its joints . The implication , contrary to relativism , is that certain things ( referred to in the contemporary literature as natural kinds ) simply belong together . If we attempt to put the wrong type of things together , or attempt separate explanations of things which are part of the same natural kind , then we are going to struggle to produce successful science . We wo n't produce any interesting generalizations , we wo n't succeed in predicting new phenomena , and the world will remain every bit as confusing as it was previously . Cognitive Neuropsychology We 've arrived in Folkestone , to leave the train and board the ferry . We continue drinking , gazing out at a sea now almost as redundant as five o'clock tea or straw boaters , both commonplace back in the 1950s when the children in Lord of the Flies became violent in the midst of their paradisical island , at precisely this magical hour of five o'clock , and in the living room , that sweetly British interior , flowering the semi - darkness into a plethora of chair covers and curtains , sprigged bone china and mums in Liberty - print dresses The tea itself , I reflect aloud , is transformed by bleaching it with milk , so it no way resembles the complexions of those swarthy people , least of all the inhabitants of a tea - producing Indian subcontinent . ( What of novels of Somerset Maugham , Forster and Conrad ? While bold designs will be in demand , sportswear styles will become more casual and tonal in terms of silhouette and colouration , to tempt customers . Extra small to extra large By popular demand , Mizuno Sports have produced several of their ladies and youngsters shoe ranges in smaller sizes . The award winning Cross Court range now features a Girls Ultra Lo TP and Girls Ultra Cross ¾ ; TP in size 1½ ; , 2 and 2½ ; priced at 37.60 and 33.84 respectively . In trainers , a new Controller Boys is available in sizes 1½ ; and 2½ ; priced 40.89 . The Ruchill Hospital Social work team and the AIDS Resource Unit were particularly helpful in identifying the need for this service . Home care Coordinator , Margaret Gillies , currently has a team of 20 volunteers from a variety of churches providing practical help to a number of clients already referred . Strathclyde Regional Council may provide further funding and consideration is being given to the possible employment of a part - time nurse . Margaret Gillies says , We are discovering the extent of the need for the kind of help that ACET offers from other support agencies including Scottish AIDS Monitor and Body Positive as well as hospital contacts and local counselling services . Chris Southwick , director of ACET ( Scotland ) , said , With the opening of this office in Glasgow , ACET 's volunteer home care is now available to 95 of those infected with the HIV virus in Scotland . Third Annual Report Published The third annual report for 1990/91 , subtitled Bringing it Home was published on 21 June this year . Official figures suggest that ACET provided care at home for up to one in four of all those who died of AIDS in the UK last year . 24,000 pupils were also seen by ACET educators . Bulletin Board Dear Friend As the number of people ill with AIDS increases so does the need for volunteers to care for them . Over the last three years , our volunteers have provided much love and care to many hurt and lonely people . The support our volunteers provide cannot be measured in purely practical terms and their continuing contribution is vital if we are to provide an ongoing service . In recognition of their importance and the need to train more volunteers , we want to develop links with individual churches . As the number of people ill with AIDS increases so does the need for volunteers to care for them . Over the last three years , our volunteers have provided much love and care to many hurt and lonely people . The support our volunteers provide cannot be measured in purely practical terms and their continuing contribution is vital if we are to provide an ongoing service . In recognition of their importance and the need to train more volunteers , we want to develop links with individual churches . To do this , we would like to recruit people who are willing to be an ACET - link in their church . The first referrals came from Ealing , Acton and surrounding areas . This was coordinated from the living room of a local doctor . The remit of this fledgling group was to provide the highest standards of unconditional care to men , women and children ill at home with HIV/AIDS . Within a short space of time referrals were regularly coming in . In June 1988 ACET was officially launched as a registered charity . In Ealing , social workers , H.E.A.R.S ( Hounslow Ealing AIDS Response Service ) and the Ealing Home Support team have made referrals to ACET to provide for needs where a single agency cannot give all of the support required . Likewise ACET has also involved other agencies on behalf of the client . Both the Borough and Health Authority have supported the work of ACET in Ealing by being among the first to provide financial support . ACET is currently working with the Health Authority to develop a service level agreement for 1991/92 . A Day in the Life of an ACET Volunteer Our aim is to enable people to live and to die at home if that is their wish and appropriate to their needs . The stigma still associated with AIDS means that often those who have the disease are isolated . ACET ca n't replace family and friends but can provide the practical care and support to enable people with HIV/AIDS related illnesses to stay at home . EDUCATION ACET through its schools education programme aims to reduce the number of new infections by giving young people the facts about AIDS . THE FUTURE In the UK we have offices in London , Portsmouth , Northampton , Belfast , Dundee and Edinburgh . If we are to continue providing unconditional practical care on such a wide level then we need your support today . It costs about 2,000 to care for someone between referral to ACET and their death . This works out at the equivalent of just 10 per day . Initial sponsorship was provided by World in Need , a charity which also helped launch Action Aid and Help the Aged . ACET is committed to the unconditional care of all those who are ill with HIV/AIDS regardless of race , religion , lifestyle , sex , sexuality or any other factor . We provide professionally based practical home care to men , women and children who are ill at home with HIV/AIDS related illness . Since launching our UK service we have received over 1,200 requests for practical help . This makes us the largest independent provider of practical home care to people with AIDS in the UK . To help provide a local response to a global problem . To equip the Church to make an effective Christian response to AIDS , respecting the historic teachings of the church and providing unconditional care. PATRONS : The most Reverend and Right honourable the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury Dr George Carey BD Mth Phd Cliff Richard OBE General Eva Burrows OA Head of Salvation Army on behalf of a client These show a progressive decrease in death sentences from 770 in 1985 , of which 20 were commuted , to 271 in 1988 with 72 commutations . The 1989 figures indicate a reversal of this trend with 276 death setences passed and a sharp reduction of commutations to 23 . The 1990 figures , provided more recently by the Ministry of Justice , show a dramatic increase to 447 death sentences , mostly for murder under aggravating circumstances . The same source reports that 190 executions took place last year . AI welcomes the publication of statistics on the death penalty , as well as current proposals to limit its scope . Amnesty sections all over the world include the Prisoner Letter Writing Campaign cases in the magazines and newssheets they publish in many other languages , from Faroe to Banlga . In many countries , regional and national newspapers report on these prisoner cases the Slovenian Catholic weekly Druzina , the French national daily Le Monde , and the Pakistani daily The Muslim , to name but a few . Year in , year out , the Prisoner Letter Writing Campaign provides a unique window into the harsh and desperate world of the prisoner of conscience . Hundreds of thousands of people have appealed for their freedom . And the prisoners themselves know that they are not alone , that the world has not forgotten them . The Tunisian authorities ordered the newspaper Al - Fajr to close until further notice on 8 February 1991 . Hamadi Jebali 's sentence was confirmed on 6 March 1991 by the Cassation court . This is the only court of appeal for cases tried by the military court , and looks only at points of law and not at facts and findings , thus providing a restricted appeal . In October 1990 , Hamadi Jebali , who is a member of the executive council of Hizb al - Nahda , had received a six month 's suspended sentence and a fine of 1500 dinars for publishing an article entitled The people of the State or the State of the people ? in Al - Fajr in June 1990 . This sentence may be added to the new one - year term . Accusations continue of security force involvement in covert assassinations . On March 27 , in Alexandra township outside Johannesburg , at least 14 people were killed when men armed with automatic weapons opened fire on mourners at a night - time vigil . The police had been asked by the organizers of the vigil to provide protection after an incident earlier in the evening when about 200 suspicious - looking men appeared outside the house where the vigil was being held . According to those at the vigil , the police only checked on the hose twice before the massacre occurred at 4am . The apparent failure of the police to act promptly and effectively , including their failure to apprehend a large group of armed men under conditions of curfew in the township creates the suspicion that police were colluding with the attackers . What has forced airline staff to take on this policing role of checking the travel documents of would - be asylum seekers ? In 1987 the British Government introduced legislation which imposes fines on airlines bringing passengers to the UK without valid documents . The Immigration ( Carriers ' Liability ) Act provides for a fine of 1,000 per passenger lacking such documentation . It is thought that the Government may soon double this fine . Since its implementation , fines totalling more than 24 million have been imposed under the Act and clearly some airlines have adopted practices aimed at minimizing the number of penalties incurred . I am afraid that by taking the extraordinary measure of stapling this report because some of the contents are so disturbing , Amnesty has again given credence to the belief that recent torture in Kuwait has been more terrible than in any other part of the world , whereas the repugnant patterns of pain - infliction described are all too familiar from Iran , from Myanmar , Amin 's Uganda , a South America , South Africa etc. Although we may claim that we simply publish an objective report , the inference that exceptional evil existed during the occupation of Kuwait will naturally be made by those trying to justify the devastating Allied bombardment of Iraq , now retrospectively . I feel Amnesty has to provide a quiet , more balanced overview of a region in order to maintain its impartiality and credibility , and to operate effectively . ANGELA MACTAVISH , Bognor Regis OFFICIAL PRAYERS ? Magda was lost in a poem which was as independent and unintelligible as reality itself . Reality does not discuss , it simply is . The independence of the poem provided Jaromil with a marvellous world of concealment , the possibility of a second existence . Jaromil has discovered that writing can be what reading has familiarly been for the ordinary person : an escape , a shelter , a door to the alternative self . Much later we read : It takes imagination and a lot of practice to read a play to yourself in the same time as it would take to see it on the stage . Surprisingly , this is true of both the classical and modern play , though you might expect that the obscurities and difficulties of words and expression would prove more of a stumbling block in , say , Shakespeare or Ben Jonson . Here is a suggested first reading list , which I 've put together to provide a broadly representative selection of significant periods in the theatre 's development . There is a danger in reading the classics , in that they can come to be regarded simply as literature so always try to look at them as plays for performance and , it goes without saying , try to see as much theatre as you can . It 's worthwhile reading some pre - Shakespearean drama ; you could read Everyman , a great morality play of the late Middle Ages , and Gammer Gurton 's Needle , first performed in 1566 and thought to be the second oldest English comedy . There is really no way of knowing how long it takes to develop an actor who has already gained a lot from work in university . University acting can be very good and technically aware , or it can be immensely self - indulgent and over - academic , full of theory and sparse on craft . That is why the post - graduate course exists to shape intellect and enthusiasm and provide practical and professional skills . The overseas student All major drama schools audition in the USA , and offer places to students who can show talent and raise the money to accept a place . As Gibbon has noted , the cases of both Irish nationalism and Ulster unionism remain the two most spectacular class alliances in the political history of the British Isles ( 1975 : 3 ) . The cause in both cases appears to be the strength of catholic nationalist and protestant loyalist popular consciousness and the way in which the cultural and material interests of the subordinate classes appear to be represented by the alliances themselves and their institutions . By providing core beliefs , and by reinforcing their separateness for both alliances , religious beliefs and institutions equally suppress class divisions , become embroiled in cementing alliances , and help retain the overall divisional structure of Ireland as a whole . The Religious Component of Catholic Nationalism There is nothing theoretically which hinders religion being an ingredient , or even predominating in the nationalist mix . For centuries the Roman catholic church and faith were the bread of life to the subordinate classes in Ireland , deprived of their land , civil rights , and education . The church not only provided solace and comfort in those long years , but also a vigorous identity which enabled its people to hold up their heads amid the persecution and oppression . It provided intellectual and spiritual leadership and some alleviation from hunger and starvation . The clergy were the only source of education apart from the hedge school teachers ( Dowling 1968 ) and provided a significant moral and organizational resource . Several aspects of catholicism became particularly important in the nineteenth century . iv . any other condition prescribed by law has been complied with , the court may in accordance with law grant a dissolution of the marriage provided that the court is satisfied that adequate and proper provision having regard to the circumstances will be made for any dependant spouse and for any child of or any child who is dependent on either spouse . The referendum was finally held on 26 June 1986 . The appearance of the results of the Irish Times opinion poll on the same day predicting the failure of the proposal may well have affected the turn - out . An indicator of the growing importance of this totalizing view of education was contained in the 1841 rescript from Rome . It announced that , if doctrine as opposed to Bible stories was to be a part of school education , then such religious education could not adopt a common denominator approach between the churches , but had to be total in its presentation of what the Roman catholic church considered to be the truth , otherwise such an approach would be dangerous for the children ( Gaine 1968 : 164 ) . The implementation of this policy was the work in part of the new Roman episcopal appointees , from Cullen onwards , though the growing hatred of the ascendancy because of the famine and their continued landownership must have provided ample cause for separate schools for the majority of Roman catholic clergy . Already in the 1850s , Roman catholic bishops attacked the setting up of the model schools , intended for the pursuit of educational experiments within a multi - denominational setting . In 1860 , the rules on the composition of the National Education Board was changed to permit equal protestant and catholic representation . The present interrelationship between control of the schools and the two alliances varies in each part of Ireland , though one should also bear in mind the additional underpinning of the alliances both North and South by one of the traditional values of bourgeois capitalism , private and selective schooling . Throughout Ireland as a whole , there has generally been an anti - comprehensive ethos in the education system supportive of both class and sectarian divisions in schooling and which is now eroding only in part . In Northern Ireland , the catholic schools ' sector is provided for out of state funds , and remains under the governorship of the local clergy , now assisted by laity and members of the local educational and library boards . Many Roman catholic schools up to 1968 were financed for capital expenditure by the local church as part of the church 's determination not to lose control of them . The chairman of the board is usually the parish priest or his curate . The arrangement had been unchanged since the early years of the state and had become entirely natural . Similarly for the protestant community : the school plant is owned by the church , or appropriate church body . The main owner of such schools is usually and indirectly the Church of Ireland , and current expenditure and salaries are provided by the state , with the board of governors presided over by the local minister . The secondary sector in the Republic is hardly so simple in structure . For present purposes , three items in particular merit comment . The consequence of having such large schools with small protestant catchment areas was that those funded from the state had to make up numbers by accepting non - protestants . The Roman catholic element in all the republic 's protestant second - level schools varies from one school with 0 per cent to one school with 40 per cent of the total . But some of the headmasters have a deliberate multi - denominational policy in terms of ethos and curriculum and the schools do provide multi - denominational settings which , if researched , could throw light on debates about denominational and shared schools . The current expansion and urban growth in the Southern population has also affected the protestant community , and the increased pressure on schools in urban areas , such as Dublin , is likely to lead to a diminution of the protestant - catholic character of most protestant schools , unless deliberate decisions are taken to preserve the balance . What emerges from this brief overview is the dominant role of the clergy in Southern education . A pub , like any other old building , is far more than just its principle facade , or its four walls . As Neil Richardson noted in 1980 , An old town pub is not just an attractive Victorian or Georgian facade , it is a building which is still being used for the purpose for which it was built . The design of interiors are as valid today as they were in earlier times the vaults , snugs , parlours , each with their own character , can still provide a pleasant , varied atmosphere . However , to public and professionals alike many old buildings are still regarded as representing little more than four external walls . This even applies to listed buildings : there is still a worryingly widespread general belief that listing only covers the facade , or perhaps just the exterior , whereas it is of course expressly designed to protect the whole building . Study shows UK fast food boom FAST food now accounts for almost one meal in every 10 served in the UK . The boom in fast food is providing strong competition for both staff restaurants and school meal services . The UK has become the largest fast food market in Europe by 1990 there were about 1,500 fast food outlets in the UK . When compared with 1985 figures , there was an overall increase of 40 % . One industry spokesman comments : The overall performance of computerised management systems within the hotel industry relates more to the attitudes of managers towards training and the commitment of their suppliers than it does to the superiority of the individual systems . Two contentious issues are the cost of training to managers and the same managers ' grasp of systems ( or the lack of it ) . It is claimed that catering colleges have failed to get to grips with the developments of technology , acknowledge its importance and provide students with a level of understanding based on the industry 's needs . How successful a computer installation is will depend largely on how clearly the customer and the supplier have defined , at the outset , what the system is supposed to achieve . As Checkout Computer Systems ' Tim Webb points out , people 's expectations of technology often exceed the computer 's remit . He has stayed on the contract/corporate side of the fence ever since because he feels that it suits his style and temperament . He is now executive chef at a large firm of West End financiers . I feel that , as chefs , we have the opportunity to provide a very personal service within this sector , and to become really involved with our clients , he says . We do 60 - hour weeks but there are no split shifts , and we are also committed to a team spirit because people are the main asset . The menus change daily in the directors ' dining rooms , delibars and staff canteens that he operates because the clientele does not. You can also find it hard to remember things , because germs are multiplying in your brain . People with AIDS are often well for long periods between times of illness . A woman receiving urgent hospital treatment for AIDS . How to keep healthy Never share a needle or syringe if you 're injecting drugs . So if you are not a UK taxpayer you are advised not to enter into Deeds of Covenant , but to make your regular charitable payments by simple Banker 's Order without any covenant . You may in fact find that you do pay some tax in the UK . If you have dividend or receive bank or building society interest on which tax has been paid , tax will have been deducted at source , and this will enable you to sign a Certificate of Deduction of Tax so that ACET can obtain the advantages of covenant giving . Which spouse should enter into the covenant ? Since 6th April 1990 , married couples have been taxed independently , and each spouse is responsible for paying tax on his/her own income . If ACET did somehow reclaim tax on the payment then you would be liable to pay income tax to the Inland Revenue on the amount of your Gift Aid payment . So if you are not a UK taxpayer you are advised not to make a payment under the Gift Aid scheme but to make a straight payment by cash or cheque . You may in fact find that you do pay some tax in the UK If you have dividends or receive bank or building society interest on which tax has been paid , tax will have beed deducted at source , and this will enable you to sign a Certificate so that ACET can obtain the advantages of the Gift Aid scheme . 8 . Which spouse should make the Gift Aid payment ? A BBC1 Everyman programme entitled They Shoot Children Don't They ? screened in January this year focussed on the plight of the children . The producers worked closely with an AI researcher and concentrated on the work of Bruce Harris , a human rights worker in Guatemala . Viewers wishing to help were given the address of AI at the end of the programme : over 1,500 letters were subsequently received at the AI office . In response , AI sent out information packs on the case of Nahamn and people to write letters to the relevant authorities . With letters still coming in , AI will be sending out information on other street children 's cases in Guatemala many of Nahamn 's friends who witnessed the attack have been subjected to harassment from the police . BBC2 TV Prisoners of conscience series Nov/Dec 1990 update As in previous years the response to the prisoners of Conscience programmes shown on the BBC in November/December 1990 has been tremendous and effective , and we are still answering 10 enquiries a week about prisoners . In addition we are still receiving enquiries about prisoners featured in the first two series in 1988 and 1989 , and we have recently received a copy of a letter from Alattin Sahin , the Turkish prisoner of conscience in the 1988 , which someone has received on his release . The programmes , which this year featured 19 prisoners of conscience or disappearances , received 15,000 phone calls and letters . All those who have written to the prisoners will be pleased to know that Henrick Gjoka from Albania , Reverend Lawford Imunde from Kenya and Ernesto Diaz Rodriguez from Cuba have been released . We have had very generous responses to previous requests to our membership . Can anyone can offer a holiday cottage ? Persuade their firm to donate a hi - fi system ! , a voucher ! , bicycle ! , yacht ! etc. etc. they will receive a mention on the ticket and publicity material and obviously a warm altruistic glow . Please contact Noreen at the British Section with any possible offer . Solo show in Tewkesbury No reply was received but the group later heard that Bashir had been released . Time passed . Then earlier this year the group received a reply from another prisoner at Shalla who had been given their letter to Bashir by mistake . AI discovered from his letter the appalling living conditions at Shalla , including a water shortage and rampant diseases . The letter - writer is an orthopaedic surgeon who was taken off a plane as he was about to make a short visit to the UK where he had been a post - graduate student . I received the materials that you sent . In 1977 another letter came , then a long silence until 1981 , then a letter in 1984 . Sadly , the notes referred to money and medicines that had been sent by the family but not received in the prison . Everything exchanged in the secret correspondence has to be tiny so it can be hidden in the palm of the hand : pills , passport sized pictures of the family . The little notes are coded . LETTERS DISTURBING MEASURES I have just received David Bull 's appeal for funds , with the short version of Amnesty 's report on Human Rights Violations in Iraqi Occupied Kuwait ( since August 1990 ) enclosed . I am afraid that by taking the extraordinary measure of stapling this report because some of the contents are so disturbing , Amnesty has again given credence to the belief that recent torture in Kuwait has been more terrible than in any other part of the world , whereas the repugnant patterns of pain - infliction described are all too familiar from Iran , from Myanmar , Amin 's Uganda , a South America , South Africa etc. Although we may claim that we simply publish an objective report , the inference that exceptional evil existed during the occupation of Kuwait will naturally be made by those trying to justify the devastating Allied bombardment of Iraq , now retrospectively . Unfortunately , it is often difficult to get agents to attend these productions . Most drama schools final productions are staged over a similar sort of schedule , which means agents are asked to see students ' work over a fairly compressed period . Agents are notified of performances by the schools , and they also receive hundreds of letters from students inviting them to see particular performances . Remember , though , that badgering agents is quite useless ; if they want to come they will come , but telephoning them and overselling yourself can be just as useless as not letting them know that you 're alive and working . It will be the same story for many moons to come . However , it suggested that the October holiday should replace an existing holiday . Angus Crichton - Miller , managing director of the Rank Organisation 's holidays and hotels division and a member of the study group said : It is not an efficient system to have such changes between busy and quiet periods and it would be better if we could flatten prices over a longer season , rather than have such high - peak - season prices . The October bank holiday proposal has received a muted response from Employment Minister Michael Howard , who said he was open to persuasion but had no plans to make changes . As well as suggesting an autumn boost for the tourism industry , the group also proposed changes at the beginning of the season by introducing a fixed - date Easter holiday . By creating a more definite starting and finishing point to the season , members of the group believed that the growing trend of out - of - season holidays and short breaks could be accelerated . This fundamental marketing information can easily be gleaned from the vast stores of historic customer data which hotels possess . As a seasoned business traveller I am constantly amazed at all the lost opportunities to build customer loyalty . For example , I have never received a personal letter following my stay to thank me for my custom . Maybe I could have been offered a discount if I brought my wife next time . And why do reception staff often ask if I 've stayed with them before when I 'm booked on a regular customer discount ? A childminder is anybody who looks after children under 5 in her own home , usually while their parents are at work . Do I have to register with the authorities ? If you receive payment for looking after one or more children who are not related to you , for 2 hours or more per day , then you should , by law , register with your local Social Services Department . What does registration involve ? Social Services Departments vary in the way they register childminders , but you will probably be visited in your home and be given some forms to complete . But these changes in the cells mean that cervical cancer can be prevented before it starts . By carrying out a smear test , doctors can detect the abnormal cells that might become cancerous in time and then treat them easily and simply . The national screening programme will enable all women between the ages of 20 and 64 to be tested at least every five years you should have received your invitation for screening by 1993 . The smear test takes less than five minutes and normally only causes slight discomfort . The great majority of women wo n't have any abnormalities . You should also by now know how you are going to find your part of the cost . When can work start ? When you receive the Grant Approval Notice from the District Borough or City Council , you can contact your builder to arrange a starting date or your advisor , architect , surveyor will do this for you . DO NOT START ANY WORK UNTIL YOU HAVE RECEIVED THIS APPROVAL . If you have applied to the Social Services to help with funding you must be sure that you have their written approval too before work starts . There is no limit to the grant available but . Seek help from someone who knows something about building and plans . Do not start any work until you have received written approval . If the builder encounters some unforeseen work DON'T PANIC ! In other words , Sergeant Wilson ( who has since left the force ) agreed to compromise to enhance his career opportunities rather than present any challenge to the system . Obviously concerned that his analysis of the negative influence of discipline on the efficiency of systems of communication might offend or incite displeasure , he avoided confrontation ; but he need not have worried . For it received the neglect that a great deal of insider research achieves and was channelled ( unopened ) to me , accompanied by a two - line memo from a senior officer which suggested , I understand you are doing some research ; you may find this useful . In the following three years the thesis remained on my desk , unrequested by anyone else . Any suggestions for improvements in communications or any critical findings it may have contained were negated by institutional neglect and the silence which Arendt ( 1958 ) argues is a primary tool of authority operated to effect ! I read all through the papers dropped into my in - tray marked for information only . I spotted a critical piece about my department in the Economist and drafted a letter to the editor for Mellowes to send but he did n't use it . One morning I received a report on the terms of reference for the Service - wide performance review and wrote a minute to its author stressing the need to define the concept of work . When I told Anne this she said , somewhat tartly , if I redefined the concept of dirt I could stop hoovering the place . She does n't have a job , of course , so she does n't understand that things are different when you do them for a living . He looked up at her and smiled and she lay down with him on the grass in the sun . Michael did not visit the next day , nor the day after . On the third day Susan received a letter from him in which he explained that he was in a clinic for marioc addicts , Not that I could be called an addict , he wrote , and this place is more of a health farm , really . That afternoon Susan sat in the lounge with the other people . She looked at them one by one ; she nodded to the people she had seen sewing by the fountain ; she smiled at the old woman and the boy . They will normally be worked out automatically but see also Extra help for former non - ratepayers ' below . The reductions are worked out by comparing people 's rates in 198990 with their community charge for 199192 . In most cases the rates used in the calculation will be the same amount as the actual bill you received in 198990 . However this will not be the case if you no longer live in the property where you previously paid rates because it is the 198990 rates of the property where you now live which is used to calculate any reduction . If you move on or after the 1st April 1991 you will normally lose the reduction although there are certain circumstances when this is not the case . Over a year or two , therefore , we have shifted from a population of recently diagnosed AIDS patients , often reasonably well but with lives dominated by a threat of pneumonia , to a population surviving longer and developing a range of further complex problems of a chronic debilitating nature . As London 's largest independent provider of community care for people ill with AIDS , staff at ACET have seen these changes unfold in the home . While numbers of new AIDS cases reported officially each month have remained relatively steady , there has been a big increase in those needing expert medical and nursing advice at home with a 24 - hour on call back up. The numbers with pain are also higher . Those at home often need opiates ( morphine - like medicines ) for pain , while one in five will also need a special battery - operated syringe pump , especially if they are too weak to swallow . As a further alternative , you can enter into a Supplemental Deed . This has the effect of cancelling your existing covenant and in return you commit yourself to making payments under the new covenant . This procedure is perfectly acceptable provided that your new commitments are at least as great as the remaining commitments due under the orignal covenant . Can I extend my covenant , if I wish to continue making payments over a longer period ? Again the answer is no. however , other prominent prisoners of conscience remain behind bars . For example , Goodluck Mhango , a veterinary surgeon arrested in September 1987 , has been rejected for release by a committee established to review the cases of political detainees . Amnesty International has welcomed the releases , but is urging the government to release all remaining prisoners of conscience immediately and unconditionally . Swaziland Five prisoners of conscience held in Swaziland since November 1990 under renewable 60 - day administrative detention orders were released on 22 March 1991 . The same source reports that 190 executions took place last year . AI welcomes the publication of statistics on the death penalty , as well as current proposals to limit its scope . However , it remains concerned that there has been no stay on sentences or executions pending the review of existing legislation . 15 villagers including three minors were killed and 19 others , including several children , wounded when soldiers opened fire on a crowd of unarmed people on 2/12/90 . Well - known broadcaster and journalist Richard de Zoysa was abducted and murdered in February 1990 . Although many of these detainees were released in 1989 , including Mulugetta 's wife and son , he is one of 50 still held . The Americas Three Colombian prisoners featured in the Letter Writing Campaign remain disappeared . Dr Alirio de Jess Pedraza Becerra , a 40 - year old lawyer and human rights worker , was abducted by eight heavily armed men on the night of 4 July 1990 in Bogot . A judicial inquiry has been initiated into his case but to AI 's knowledge , no progress has been made . Abdul - 'Aziz al - Faris , Ali Al - Lail , Salah Nisfan , Hussein Subait and Hatim al - Saddiq are Shi'a Muslims in Saudi Arabia . AI believes they are held because they opposed the government 's policy towards the Shi'a community . Three Moroccan prisoners of conscience remain in prison . Ali Idrissi Kaitouni was given a 15 - year sentence for writing poems about social injustice and political oppression in Morocco , deemed by the state to constitute a crime against internal security . Mohamed Srifi , a literature student , was sentenced in 1977 to 30 years imprisonment for advocating that Morocco become a socialist republic . Ali Muhammad al - Akrami , al - Ajili Muhammad Abdul Rahman al - Ashari , Ali Muhammad al - Qajji , Salih Omar al - Qasbi , Muhammad al - Saadiq al - Tarhouni and Abdul Qadir Muhammad al - Ya'qubi are believed to be in Abu Salim Prison in Tripoli , although AI received reports that Abdul Qadir Muhammad al - Ya'qubi had died at the end of 1988 . In Iran Marian Firouz , a writer and translator in her mid - 70s , has remained imprisoned since 1983 for her non - violent political activities . Ali Ardalan , a retired civil servant in his mid 70s arrested in June 1990 , remains in prison and there is growing concern over his ill - health . His crime was to sign an open letter to President Rafsanjani criticizing government failures to uphold rights and freedoms guaranteed by the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran . Zikri Nafkhosh Mustafa , Nabi Muhammad Shukr , Jabbar Rashid Shifki and Ja'far Tamar Mahmud are four of 315 Kurdish children and youths who disappeared after being arrested in Iraq in August 1983 . However , he again refused to wear his uniform and was forcibly dressed and handcuffed to the cell bars . On 6 March he was transferred to the prison infirmary suffering from skin problems and a dramatic fall in his blood sugar level resulting from the earlier hunger - strike . As of mid - April , he remained in the infirmary . Please send appeals requesting his immediate and unconditional release to : YUGOSLAVIA The increase was even felt to be too great : in 1964 , when British groups reached 212 , it was decided to slow down the growth in the UK not to act upon the ephemeral enthusiasms of an odd individual , but to go for quality . There was also concern that groups were growing faster in the UK than in the rest of the world . The number of UK groups reached 300 in the early 1980s and has remained around that level ever since groups of very high quality and certainly not based on ephemeral enthusiasms ! These early groups were called Threes Groups because each adopted three prisoners , one from the East , one from the West and one from Afro - Asian countries . In many cases a group would divide into sub - groups and work on more than three at a time . Modern art historians strive to analyze , interpret , and evaluate works of art by identifying their materials and techniques , makers , time and place of creation , and meaning or function . They inquire about the who , what , when , where , and why of the art object ; often the object itself suggests which of these questions should be pursued . But the function of art history today is not only to make such identifications , but also to relate an individual work humanistically to other works of the same school , period and culture , while remaining sensitive to its salient aesthetic qualities . According to this American guide , Art criticism is a many - levelled activity that comprises the historical , the recreative , and the judicial . In all cases it seeks to pronounce value judgements , an exercise shunned by art history . The signs are that the next few years will see some extensive soul - searching about art history ; several books have already appeared . From Germany there is The End of the History of Art ; from Britain a group of essays describe The New Art History ; from the United States has recently come Rethinking Art History : meditations on a coy science ; and from Canada there is a forthright title Art History : its use and abuse . Art criticism seems more likely to remain in the shadows , out of the spotlight of academic controversy . WRITINGS ON ART Apart from art criticism and art history , there exist several other types of writing about art . Sometimes a number conceals a genuinely significant programme , such as the Group of Seven had in Canada . This distinguished alliance of landscape artists sought to invigorate their country 's artistic life by bold treatment of wild Canadian subjects . Tom Taylor , mentor and leader , had died before the group had its first exhibition , but remains classed with his friends . They subsequently developed individual styles and separate interests , as is true of most groups of artists , but their initial appearance was defined by a programme . Another sort of title for a group is exemplified by Der Blaue Reiter ( The Blue Rider ) . This is a male view of the matter , in which women are attacked , and which had me admiring these ugly sisters . It is made clear that the boy was exposed to serious danger by his father 's irresponsibility and by his sisters ' departure : but his sisters had been exposed to this father too , and had had to defend themselves . A father 's influence which has been revealed as destructive and all but disastrous is thought to have remained dominant as was only natural until the women broke away for good . An author is taking his revenge in setting down these judgements , begrudging the grudges of others while uttering , this once , the cry of the deserted child . Neither of these books , however , could be said to be intent on revenge . The boy 's hand is squeezed by the weeping wife . He is in two minds . I was able to soar up , to fly , I could rock in the air like that balloon , I could fly away with it , choose any of the four points of the compass , but I remained where I was , I stopped above this small , painful , blessed piece of earth . Then there is the tale of a lying girl , as she may be , with whom he makes love , and who alarms him with word of a threatening German a former SS man , perhaps . He has her report the matter to the police . She 'd say , moreover , that you could always get out of a boat and go ashore , but from that height you could only crash . The blessed piece of earth over which float these balloons , over which are poised these acrobats , is a corner of painful Czechoslovakia . Klima 's stories breathe a delicate patriotism which is not absent , either , from Kundera 's accounts of a country which is harder to inhabit , or remain in , or return to . For both men , Czechoslovakia is both painful and blissful . It is not surprising that the Czech novelist Josef Skvorecky should be keen on My First Loves . The desire can be surmised , without recourse to hindsight , in some of what he wrote , but is far from being the point of what he wrote . Work is the supreme subject in Levi . We can and must fight to see that the fruit of labour remains in the hands of those who work , and that work does not turn into punishment . Perhaps the most accessible form of freedom , the most subjectively enjoyed , and the most useful to human society , consists of being good at your job . These statements are from The Wrench , where Faussone is good at his job and Levi is good at getting this across . Quite a number of new actors form small fringe groups and work in plays on a profit sharing basis and work opportunities may grow from such schemes . Small , little - known groups do n't generally muster a large audience , of course , but they are often a good way of commanding interest from future employers . Certainly the new actor should never remain idle but create chances wherever possible . This may sound like cold comfort when you 're desperately hoping for something to come along and get you going but continuing your work and maintaining skills is vitally important . Above all you need new audience experience now you are out of drama school . One can therefore conclude that there is a sense of unity throughout the catholic nationalist population as a whole , though one in which certain groups , namely farming interests and the church , at both clerical and popular levels , have strategically dominated , at least until recently . By 1914 , the protestant loyalist group was well established and ready for war against catholic nationalists should it have proven necessary . Issues of class conflict within the group were to remain largely subordinate , as the matter of the nature and defence of loyalism itself was to dominate the scene right down to the present day . There was to be an expression of a certain solidarity between members of both the catholic and protestant working classes in the Belfast demonstration of 1932 against the inadequate poor relief during the period of particularly high unemployment . But such cooperation was rare and quickly taken over by sectarian issues . This shows the extent to which the republican ideal gained ground once independence was in place , furthering the ideological divide between protestant loyalism and catholic nationalism . Despite this development , the struggle between the two previously warring factions has continued , the original republicans developing a populist , nationalist party , and the former treaty party developing a concern with law and order , and moderation on the national question . But the fight did not prevent the fundamental beliefs in the nation and the historic integrity of the island of Ireland , as nationalist parties described it in their New Ireland Forum ( 1983 4 : i . 28 ) , from remaining basic to the perceptions of both parties . The Gaelic - Irish Component From the early years of the Southern state , cultural nationalism was deliberately developed by government means . Local folk religion still continues in some forms . Its resistance is exemplified by the recent moving statues devotional upsurge of 1985 in South - West Ireland , where statues of Mary were believed to have changed their posture , wept , and bled ( Tobin 1985 ) . National centres of devotion remain relatively strong the shrine to Mary at Knock , the annual climbing of Croagh Patrick , pilgrimage and penance at Lough Derg . In fact , whereas the parallel protestant movement of evangelical revival was for all people , and the issue tended to be decisive , catholic spirituality diverged on both points . The principal one was that conversion and growth were particularly directed at the clerical - religious lite , where the annual retreat system formed the annual or biennial centre of the individual spiritual life . Sodalities , such as the Legion of Mary , Opus Dei , and Christian Life communities , have partially extended this form of commitment to some , particularly more middle - class laity , and continue to have an important role in activating laity for what are judged to be religious goals both personally and socially . But generally speaking the ideal has always tended to accentuate the gap between the clerical world view and the lay world view within catholicism . Even though the gap between clerical and lay religious intellectuals has closed , with clergy being left behind in some areas , the clerics remain the true cognoscenti in religious matters , and are expected to be so by the laity . This has always added to the clergy 's spiritual authority and status , and has tended to merge with the authority claimed by the clergy in matters of faith and morals , with the high clergy deciding what constitutes matters of faith and morals . The attitude towards authority within the church partnered the perception of the spiritual life . O'Carroll sees such positions exemplified by the protagonists ' refusal to accept that certain therapeutic abortions already permitted in Ireland were actually abortions and by their predictions of social chaos should they fail in their fight : Hence phrases such as the opening of the floodgates , the thin end of the wedge , the slippery slope , the permissive society , and the abortion mentality ( 1983 : 12 ) . It is important to point out that these expressions which interpret Irish social reality and events are also used by the high clergy . They are thus not simply a mentality derived from popular religion but from a traditional Roman catholicism which held sway in catholic Europe from the post - Reformation period and remained unchallenged until the 1960s . As will be seen in Chapter 5 , understanding this religious social consciousness requires some grasp of the traditional catholic teaching on the natural order and the good society , and how the nation is to respect the divine order established by God . An example of this can be taken from the recent contraception controversy in the Republic , which began in the 1960s . If they who are elected to legislate for our society should unfortunately decide to pass a disastrous measure of legislation that will allow the public promotion of contraception and an access hitherto unlawful to the means of contraception , they ought to know clearly the meaning of their action , when it is judged by the norms of objective morality and the certain consequences of such a law It may well come to pass that legislation could be enacted that will offend the objective moral law . Such a measure would be an insult to our Faith ; it would without question prove to be gravely damaging to morality , private and public ; it would be , and would remain , a curse upon our country . ( Abp . McQuaid of Dublin , letter to all the churches of the archdiocese , Mar. 1971 , quoted Wright 1973 : 224 ; italics added ) The process of industrialization and the accelerated growth of the division of labour had already wrested from the family , including its rural variant , its monopolistic role in the processes of production . The family had changed , and its various functions of education , food production , and the manufacture of clothing were already in part relinquished to a variety of institutions whose smooth functioning rested on the intervention and guidance of the nation state . The change in the socio - moral context was hardly recognized , and the corresponding change in religious social ethics had remained unformulated . In the case of the Mother and Child scheme , it was rather through withdrawal from the scene that first the politicians and later the churchmen avoided further trouble . As will be elaborated now in further contexts , it appears that the underlying reality to such difficulties was , and remains a complex contradiction which the catholic nationalist alliance has still failed to solve . At its annual meeting in Belfast , the Presbyterian General Assembly received a report promoting the amendment as implementing a rightful civil liberty ( Irish Times , 6 June 1986 ) . Further criticism came from Roman catholics in Britain . An editorial in the Catholic Herald and Standard on 25 May it is distributed in Ireland as The Standard criticized the Irish bishops ' apparently low esteem of their laity 's ability to remain constant in their marriages . Also a call from the Alliance Party in the North was made by John Cushnahan , party leader . He found it ironic that anyone who supported the Anglo - Irish Agreement could oppose a modest measure to introduce divorce ( Irish Times , 28 June 1986 ) . The biggest percentages favouring the proposal occurred in the urban centres , particularly Dublin and Dublin County , where there was a slight margin in favour . But the country areas and particularly the West were overwhelmingly against the proposal . It would seem that catholic nationalist morality is to remain a feature of the Southern state and of any future all - Ireland state , if the clerical church 's wishes continue to prevail . If an effective will to de - alienate Northern protestants in their attitudes to the republic existed , and if there had been a real change in the Irish catholic hierarchy 's position on such matters , then they would indeed have taken positive steps to support FitzGerald 's attempt to introduce such constitutional changes . In other words , on the divorce question the Roman catholic clerical leadership were still using their joint authority , which is legitimate in the eyes of the majority in the Southern state , to press into civil legislation their views of public morality , and to use the informed conscience of the faithful as the primary vehicle . THE TOTALIZING EDUCATION SYSTEMS UNDER THREAT : THE INTEGRATED EDUCATION MOVEMENT The separation of the two opposing alliances in Ireland is thus replicated at the level of schooling . This remains a fact no matter how one seeks to explain or excuse it . It is largely the case that catholic nationalists go to one set of schools which have a visible catholic and nationalist ethos , and protestant loyalists go to another , some of which have a less visible protestant ethos , but all of which have a loyalist ethos as well . Some catholic nationalists in the South mix with a proportionally much larger number of Southern protestants who , however , are loyal to the Southern state . That is the horror . Mens tantum pristina mansit . And Goldberg , pushing back his chair , stepping over the piles of papers and magazines littering the floor of his study , scanned the bookcase , found what he wanted , brought the book back to his desk , licked his middle finger and turned the pages , found the passage and copied carefully into the margin : only his mind remains unchanged . The whole world changes but your mind does not , wrote Harsnet ( and Goldberg typed ) . Kafka 's Metam , he wrote , The Death of Ivan Ilych . Because in the imagination there is no friction . By the same token , he wrote , in the imagination there cannot be movement . Everything remains hypothetical . That is what happens in the big glass too , he wrote . But are things any different inside our culture ? As such , the brewery has resolved to improve the operational efficiency of the building generally by remodelling the cellar area and the annexe building to the north and by giving the pub a frontage on Fleet Street . Inevitably , this will entail losing some of the irreplaceable character of this unique building . The new street elevation proposed by the architects ( Waterhouse Ripley Adie Button ) has been sensitively treated ; however , the extension to the north will necessitate diluting much of the pub 's evocative and cosy proportions , and it remains to be seen whether the design of the newly - created bar areas survives comparison with the adjacent historic interiors . Work on this refurbishment is due to begin in May 1991 . An additional problem faced by many Georgian pubs particularly historic coaching inns is the treatment of re - use of stables and other related outbuildings . There are many shifting thoughts to be considered in this extract , and there is colour too ; you need to convey the spurts of energy vocally . The Apple Cart by George Bernard Shaw The play is a fable , of an England ruled over by King Magnus . Orinthia is his mistress and this speech is taken from an amusing scene between Orinthia and Magnus . Orinthia replies to Magnus 's words , It must be magnificent to have the consciousness of a goddess without ever doing anything to justify it . This follows representations by the British Hotels , Restaurants and Caterers Association ( BHRCA ) which learnt of the proposed change in May . Customs Excise introduced the changes , which will be back - dated to 1 July , after it found hotels had been treating the supply of packed lunches to guests as zero - rated ( Caterer , 27 June3 July ) . It ruled that packed lunches are supplied in the course of catering and are liable for the 17.5 % standard rating of VAT . The back dating of all VAT not charged on packed lunches could lead to hefty bills for hoteliers . When VAT was introduced on hot takeaway food in 1987 , amendments to the Finance Act were made after Parliamentary consultation . There we find similar bodily constructs built up as series of organizing principles , so that the other regiment or unit is perceived to operate in some kind of polluted time and space , and its aberrant nuances of uniform styling used as a marker of significant difference . The police also use concepts of a disciplined body in their dealings to effect the capture of the local villains ( or prigs ) . In any public confrontation a quick assessment and early resolution is the order of the day , for on the streets pragmatism always rules and real polises set out immediately to fix their adversaries by using deeply imbued constructs relating to time and space . Always the disorderly acts of the prig must be stopped , curtailed , arrested , disciplined , and contained ; and in pursuit of a docile body the law inevitably seeks to negate , constrain , prevent , and deny movement . For the legal process demands that incidents and occurrences be ideally fixed in time and space . In an interview with Mark Paytress in 1988 Leonard stated that by the age of six he was already acquainted with rudimentary Judaism and recalled being deeply touched by the stirring language and imagery of the Bible - in English and Hebrew . Each day after school he would wend his way to the synagogue for instruction in the sacred scriptures , the stories and history of his people , which reached its climax in 1946 , when Leonard was made A son of the law. All hell rules over the man who is angry , says the Talmud , and by September 1939 , when Leonard was beginning to come to terms with the thresholds of life 's reality , hell was ruling the world , or at least appeared to be . War had been declared , and the fate of Czechoslovakia , Austria and Poland was sealed , as it would be for several other countries . It would be six years before that anger would begin to subside , six years of unspeakable anguish for those of Hebrew persuasion , when unbelievable monstrosities would be inflicted on them , by the end of which half of the world 's Jewry had been murdered . That is , a particular action ( even if it is only dancing ) . takes place during a particular period and in a particular environment . These two requirements were first established by Greek playwrights and were later codified by the Acadmie Franaise ( 1635 ) when it laid down rules for the composition of any literary work . The rules are still valid and the libretto of any ballet neglecting them often fails to hold the attention of its audience because the content has been weakened by too many irrelevances . Enigma Variations Ashtons interpretation of Elgar 's My friends pictured within ' ( The Royal Ballet ) But Ron Todd , the union 's general secretary , is expected to concede defeat gracefully . Even if other antinuclear fundamentalists threaten to fight , fight and fight again , Mr Kinnock need have no fear . The more firmly he tells them and the country that , as Prime Minister , he and not they will rule , the more likely it is that he will eventually reach Downing Street . On other issues , crucial victories have been won before the Labour Party 's annual conference opens . Relatively few influential activists would now quarrel with the recognition that markets are an effective way of generating wealth and indicating consumer preferences . She said yesterday that Marcos 's remains may be brought to the Philippines when emotions have subsided . Mrs Aquino cited the case of Napoleon , who died in exile in 1821 and remains made a very triumphant return to France in 1840 when things had settled down. Marcos ruled the Philippines for 20 years before Mrs Aquino was swept to office on a wave of people power in 1986 . The Aquino government accuses him of having stolen up to US10bn ( 6.1bn ) from the country during his reign . He died in Honolulu on Thursday . From Dame MARY DONALDSON , GBE THE incineration of PCBs requires a furnace which will hold the material at 1,100C for at least two seconds , in the presence of plenty of oxygen . Companies wishing to enter the waste disposal business at this level must demonstrate to the local Waste Disposal Authority ( usually a county council , but in some cities and in Wales a more local authority ) that they can meet various criteria , although the authority may be over - ruled on appeal to the Secretary of State for the Environment . Her Majesty 's Inspectorate of Pollution is now the custodian of national standards on emissions from such plants , of which Britain currently has three . Rechem can take solid and liquid wastes contaminated with PCBs at its plant at Pontypool ( 30,000 tonnes a year ) , and liquid wastes ( 20,000 tonnes a year ) at its plant at Fawley , near Southampton . The stock market 's Hang Seng Index doubled within a year of the agreement ; over the next two years , it doubled again . Property prices soared . But some people did worry , notably those who argued that Britain , having ruled Hong Kong as a benign dictatorship for more than 140 years , should institute a fully democratic government before 1997 . They cited the Joint Declaration 's promise of a legislature constituted by elections , and warned that without democracy , the autocratic machinery of colonial government might prove far less benign in China 's hands . Others worried about passports . Right to censure textbooks is upheld From DAVID POWERS in Tokyo A TOKYO court ruled yesterday that the Japanese Education Ministry was within its rights to ban a textbook which detailed Japanese war atrocities , even though the court could n't fault any of the assertions made by the author . What made the ruling even more surprising was that the Japanese government had pledged to correct bias in school textbooks after South Korea and China lodged diplomatic protests in 1982 , when the book was originally banned . The reason given for the ban was that Professor Saburo Ienaga , a noted historian , had refused to strike out a reference in his book to bacteriological and other experiments carried out on Chinese prisoners of war by the now - defunct Imperial Army . Daysitting and nightsitting How much time to I need to give ? The simple answer is as much or as little as you feel able to give . Many of our existing volunteers have families and jobs and are often very busy . You do n't have to make a firm commitment but obviously we like you to give us some idea of your availability . If you have not paid tax , then you would not be able to sign a Certificate of Deduction of Tax and ACET would not be able to reclaim tax on the covenant . If ACET did somehow reclaim tax on the covenant then you would be liable to pay income tax to the Inland Revenue on the amount of your covenant payment . So if you are not a UK taxpayer you are advised not to enter into Deeds of Covenant , but to make your regular charitable payments by simple Banker 's Order without any covenant . You may in fact find that you do pay some tax in the UK . If you have dividend or receive bank or building society interest on which tax has been paid , tax will have been deducted at source , and this will enable you to sign a Certificate of Deduction of Tax so that ACET can obtain the advantages of covenant giving . 2 . How does Gift Aid work ? The mechanism of Gift Aid is very simple . Provided the gift is at least 600 it will be regarded as having been paid net of basic rate tax . The charity is able to recover the basic rate tax deducted and the donor can , if appropriate , obtain higher rate tax relief on his payment . ART CRITICISM AND ART HISTORY Do art historians write about the past , while art critics write about the present ? Things are not so simple , as some art historians write well about the present , with a generosity of feeling and approach enriching to contemporary culture . They are capable of assessing modern art in its own terms , partly from experience gained through judging work of other periods within quite different terms . Meyer Schapiro , who had a specialist concern with Romanesque art , was an open - minded historian of this sort . Interpretation is the heading which is the most wide - ranging of the three elements , including questions of form or style , but perhaps additionally considering the work 's historical background , and technical , thematic or other questions , including the artist 's biography . The evaluation is a summing up which places the work in the experience of the critic , and helps the reader to form a judgement . The plan of the book , then , is simple . After the first two chapters , it discusses where and how to read art criticism . While this first chapter has outlined what that criticism is , the next gives sketches of half a dozen critical types . In his view the independence of modernism in art has been further subverted by the demonstration of the necessarily intertextual nature of the production of meaning . Cultural history and theory , it has to be said , have very extensive agenda , and art criticism is perhaps only a sub - paragraph under a secondary heading . The reader may be doomed to disappointment in reading through an article with wide contextual terms of reference if looking for something as simple as descriptions of works of art , their interpretation and evaluation . Articles of synthesis between art and other subjects may include important art criticism . Literary theory is at present in demand as a point of reference for writing on the visual arts . The society may be symbolised by such dealings , and experienced through them . Hardship and discontent may declare themselves there , in a victim 's revenge . In addressing itself to such possibilities , however , A Bend in the River , for all its air of simplicity , is never simple . Its narrator and chief human presence is by no means straightforwardly a victim , and the difference between oppressor and oppressed can be hard to identify . The novel is narrated by a Moslem of Indian origin , whose family has been settled on the east coast of Africa , as traders . This is a nice fellow speaking . Because Sandy was embarked on a marriage and a career pointing him in a more conventional direction than mine , planning the sort of life that looked to me to have more obviously evolved from the background I 'd put behind me , it did n't seem to me that he would have had the wherewithal morally , as I would have been quick to say then to help me through my predicament or , if he did , that it was possible for me with my values , to solicit his assistance . This was hubris , pure and simple Zuckerman 's relationship with his brother Henry is , in contrast , often sanguinary , as gruesome as their respective operations . Zuckerman Unbound ( 1981 ) reaches its climax at one of Roth 's frequent funerals in this case , that of Zuckerman 's father after which Henry charges Nathan with killing their parent by writing that book , the liberated Carnovsky , and with believing like the bastard he is that fiction does n't have consequences . All training for the theatre is aiming to produce a person with all - round performing skills , equipped and ready to work in the world of entertainment . It is easy to understand this , but it 's not so easy to evaluate the different elements of theatre training , and see just how they contribute to the making of that elusive thing , a compleat actor . I have always considered drama training to be based on simple precepts , for acting is not a complicated art . It may be difficult , but it is not complicated , and if it gets complicated there is something quite wrong . Above all acting is not an intellectual occupation , though a good mind is needed to respond imaginatively and practically to the work of authors and directors . Yet I like it like that . I like the sense of its filling the room and yet also , in a way , of its being non - existent . I have always liked to work in a simple room , he wrote . A natural part of a house . No fuss . How lovely to see you ! She twined her arms round him and kissed his cheek . She smelled warm and sweet , Like a marshmallow . Mummy 's on stage , you 're just in time to button me up. He had known his mother would be on stage and her dresser Jessie in the wings waiting to help her with her quick change , and Bunty alone ; but he had not bargained for her not being dressed . Someone at the bell why did his factor and nephew Robert not go out and stop them ? What could be happening ? In a spasm of irritation he pulled a cloak over his nightshirt , took down a pistol from the wall , and went downstairs into the chilly , stone - smelling darkness of the ground floor , looking for servants . As big Mary pulled heartily at the pleated rope of the bell , a loud murmur of voices and footsteps sounded along the road west . The dawn light showed a crowd of men and women with a pack of dogs running beside them . And we do swear never to betray the name of any friend . The Major and the minister and the constable repeated it after him in low voices , the crowd gave them a round of applause , the reel was over . They tramped along to Ballechin among the ferns and sheltering oaks , smelling the cheesey smell of cows among the mist . Hope Steuart had felled a tree across the track , two men with cudgels were standing sentry behind it , they dropped the clubs and ran when the whole wood came at them , the darkness between the trees turned into people , people everywhere , herds and thickets of them surrounding the low tower - house . Hope Steuart had leaned two loaded muskets against the doorjambs ; he turned to pick one up but the Duke 's two sons were on him , twisting his arms behind him. He went out , slamming the door . Later that night he brought a ragged brown blanket . It smelled of horses . Time was rolling over him like a huge millstone , a broad grey abrasive surface turning and turning just above him , crushing him smaller , wearing him away . He reached out for something outside his prison and found The Rights of Man , he concentrated on passages he knew well and summoned them up word for word . It raised immense questions of fundamental reality ; as was translated ( badly ! ) of Joseph in his experience of suffering : the iron entered his soul . Leonard was not so much brutalised by the experience , as anaesthetised : hence the recollection of only desire throughout his youth . His poetry tells a different story : there was wide and profound sentience of man and nature , of beauty and the beast , of times and seasons , of perception and tactility , of hearing and tasting , and smelling ; at the bottom of which remains an unresolved questing , a whole gamut of unanswered questions which drove at the very heart of what he most wished to believe . His own faith did not have the answers to this , any more than it had the power to prevent the catastrophe , which exacerbated Leonard 's growing disaffection from it , or , should we say , his endless self - questioning of it . He said , There was a lack of teachers in my own tradition . I 've just had a bath . You could do with one yourself , Sara , commented Rodney . I can smell horse from the other side of the room . You sitting on the sofa is as bad as letting the dog on it . Sara felt better after a cup of tea . This leaves generality as a real capacity of the mind . Philosophers have often been content to assign to the mind features that they are unwilling to ascribe to the physical world . Most empiricists , for example , have been prepared to do this with secondary qualities , such as colours , sounds and smells , which , they believe , science could not allow to the external world . In so doing , they claim that it is not just secondary qualities that are confined to the mind , but , with them , the whole vivid force of the world - as - we - perceive - it , - what some philosophers call the manifest image of the world which is intrinsically bound up with the secondary qualities . David Hume went further , transferring causal power from the world of objects to the mind , making of it a tendency of the mind to pass from the thing we call the cause to the one we call the effect . This explicitly materialist framework of contemporary neurophysiology originated much later than Aristotle . One of its earliest expressions is to be found in Thomas Hobbes 's Leviathan , published in 1651 : The cause of sense is the external body , or object , which presseth the organ proper to each sense , either immediately , as in taste or touch ; or , mediately , as in seeing , hearing or smelling . The external object worketh on the eyes , ears and other parts of a man 's body ; and by diversity of working produceth diversity of experience . It was not only her matching handbag and high - heeled shoes which fired my enthusiasm . The smell of couscous and other grain which filled the air constantly reminded me of my own situation . All I wanted to smell from now on was the fragrance of England which Aisha exuded . I urged her to listen to me and to feel what I was feeling . Then I took off my little gold earrings and felt in the folds of my dress for all the money I 'd saved or stolen from my brother 's pockets over the years , and placed both the money and earrings in the palm of her hand , forcing her fingers shut around them . America is his favourite way of talking about the undiscovered country , and it shows that as well as suicide and blanket boredom he has taken over the flavour of Raskolnikov 's joke about getting used to family life . Dostoevsky 's notebook word tone amounts to more than dust and mortar and summer smells ; it catches up human beings and entangles them with the city . It 's no accident that Svidrigailov is the only one in the novel to handle yellow paper money , just as it 's no accident that children are frightened of him and run away in indescribable terror because ( so we understand in our bones ) they smell death on him , or rather the unattachment to life which defeats even Sonya Marmeladov . The girl who has reached the human being in Raskolnikov the murderer is left for the last time by Svidrigailov bewildered and frightened , and filled with vague and oppressive suspicions . He has just walked out into a spectacular summer storm . C. A. Wood and F. Marjorie Fyfe , 1943 ) . He appears under the name he was given in his orphaned youth the Boy from Apulia . And with him comes Ciullo d'Alcamo , whose Rosa Fresca aulentissima was translated by D.G . Rossetti : Thou sweetly - smelling fresh red rose/ That near thy summer art . This poem , and its author , figure in The Spirit of Romance , as showing that Italian poetry taking up from Provence originated not in Tuscany but Sicily . Though Ciullo by Rossetti 's reckoning composed the poem in the 1170s , at least twenty years before Frederick Hohenstaufen came to the throne of Sicily , Pound in The Spirit of Romance juxtaposes the two names , presumably as an instigation though to what , it is not easy to say . Half - anhour later we turned into a gateway leading to a small cottage . The front door was open , as we approached , a light came on , probably from an oil lamp . I could now smell the very strong aroma of frying onions as we entered the cottage . The scene before me reminded me of the very similar scenes in the Highland crofts , the only difference being the now almost overpowering smell of onions . In the dim light of the oil lamp hanging from a chain attached to a very black beam above the fireplace , and the glow from the log fire . The film was Snow White ; and I felt my sanity slipping until the moment when the queen metamorphosed into the witch . Then I screamed and screamed , and could not stop . My mother called an usherette to have me removed , and I was handed into strange - smelling arms behind a bright beam that dazzled me . The arms hugged my squirming form and carried me out , while my mother stayed to watch the rest of the film . But the exit was at the foot of the screen , and I was being borne up towards that great and drooling hag , away from safety , pinioned by someone I could n't see , and the witch was laughing . Suzannah Hall The seeds of further sexual confusion were sown by the custom , in the cinemas of Wellington , Shropshire , where I lived , of spraying the audience with perfumed deodorant during the intervals . Sometimes I smell that odour as a perfume on women , like sweet Harpic . Then came military service and a training film on snipers . Two men with muddied faces and bracken on their helmets are in a ruined building , trying to spot an enemy rifleman . When he had gone , she dragged herself up the iron staircase to her own room . The room had lost its magic : instead of the great sheet of clear sky overhead there were subdued shadows ; the polythene letting in less light than the glass . The whole place smelled of putty and turpentine , and the crash had shaken down not only stars of glass , but also dust and grime . Most of the glass had been removed , but the dirt had not , clouding the air and deadening the surfaces . Her picture and her silk quilt had been carried down below in the chaos of last night and she did not have the energy to seek them out . When you plan a display , include scented flowers , either shop - bought or home - grown , so that your arrangement smells as good as it looks . Simple to grow scented climbers include many lilies , petunias , lily - of - the - valley , tobacco plants , pinks and carnations , honey - scented buddleia , narcissus , sweet peas , freesias and summer jasmine . Add honeysuckle ( not all the varieties smell so check before buying that it is fragrant ) and climbing roses . Many of the older rose varieties also have a strong scent . Contact Roses du temps pass and Harkness for catalogues . Fragrant shrubs The evergreen Viburnum tinus Gwenllian has white flowers with pinkish buds from late winter . For scent , you ca n't beat Daphne odora Alba with its winter flowers that smell of roses . Flowerbeds Vinca minor Alba variegata trails its decorative leaves over pots or shady beds , while tall containers packed with white hostas look smart . If you stick your hand in them it 's all prickly cos they got these tiny little leaf things and they prick . The best thing about them is their smell . They smell real good , I reckon . I want to buy a Christmas tree and decorate it like we used to at school but Marie says we ain't got enough money . That 's a shame , that is , cos I really like Christmas trees . And dirty too . He used to like me I think , but to tell the truth , I did n't like him much . He never shaved , and he used to smell real bad . He used to come and sit at my table when we had meals . I hated that , cos he used to eat all slobbery like you know , dribbling and that . It 's making me annoyed . They should n't have left me at school . I did n't want to stay there and I did n't want to go to Combe Court , cos I hate it and it smells and the Captain slobbers in his food and Christmas is horrible with no good prezzies and Annie not there . Why did n't you visit me ? Why not ? The writer is able to measure artists not only against each other but also against standards of technical achievement . Here is a passage from a classic work on etching and engraving , about Drer : He was solid , scientific , conscious in all his creating , learning his art from masters who were still in the youth of artistic development , his whole work shows a progress towards an ideal which the trammels of Gothic tradition never left him free to attain without a struggle . By the very energy spent in its realisation , his accomplishment is all the more intense in its expression . He recognised the truest limits of the medium in which he worked , never allowed technical virtuosity to have the better of the central aim of significant composition , and established a balanced style which remains the most perfect model of the line - engraver 's art . He makes a particular point of technique . In the chapter on technique the author describes the process of carving a figure from a wood with particular properties . First the hard heartwood was removed , making the intended figure hollow at the back ; the sculptor avoided solid masses , unstable in wood ( though preferred by sculptors in a material like sandstone ) ; finally in the carving , forms were decided partly to avoid the hazards of the sapwood shrinking and splitting . Limewood is contrasted with oak , and the chapter finishes : The properties of the material made limewood sculpture a special medium . It showed itself to have a horror of socialism already in the nineteenth century . But its opposition also had a base in the property - owning , rural peasantry , and middle - classes , who had in the nineteenth century paid a heavy price for their liberation from oppression and whose status became rooted in their property , land , and livestock . Their attitudes were shared by their priest - sons , who in their turn were supported by Rome , whose solid opposition to socialism until the 1960s was very clear ( e.g. Pope Leo XIII , 1903 ) . From 1911 to 1914 , the Irish high clergy made successive attacks on the trade union movement and on socialism . Rumpf and Hepburn ( 1977 ) view the activity of the church during this period as quite decisive in limiting the appeal of socialism for the Irish subordinate classes until the 1950s . With the emergence of the statelet in 1922 , covenant politics was subordinated to the Stormont alliance only to re - emerge after Stormont 's collapse in 1972 . In 1971 , a new covenant was signed by over half a million men and women , committing protestants to a renewal of the covenant political ideal . Miller ( 1978 ) suggests that the contractarian element was no longer ever so solid . Be that as it may , it may turn out that the preparedness not to acquiesce in any all - Ireland solution is decidedly stronger than most commentators until recently were prepared to accept , except for the work of Bew , Gibbon , and Patterson . Thus , protestant loyalists fight incorporation into a united Ireland for the reason that their perception of protestantism and their values of polity contain a powerful rejection of catholic monopoly , which they identify with catholicism tout court . They get far more than they bargain for . ( Grillo 1980 : 3 ) In effect , the insider who reveals the structural formations of a system of power inverts that power and the revelation creates a situation where elements of anti - structure ( Turner 1969 , 1974 ) now present a version of how things might be constituted ; and what has been seen as solid reality begins to be identified as only one social possibility . In this observing participation , the thick description which Geertz ( 1975 ) argued for comes hurtling at the ethnographer , so that the classic use of an anthropological informant is hardly necessary . Rather it will be a case of the researcher finding a means of recording and sorting the mass of detail which continuously bombards him and presents him with the lateral possibilities which make the discipline potentially dangerous . It 's a very determined little animal , whatever it is . Like an agouti : it is going to make its nest on that spot , come wind or rain , hell or high water ! But it 's more solid . A pig , perhaps , root root , snort , snuffle , dig in the mud and find a truffle ! A rather stupid pig , I think . Long before they had passed the watershed and were looking over into the jaws of the mountains at the head of Loch Morar , young Angus felt he had strayed into a foreign country . The black mouths of the peat haggs reminded him of stories about ghosts and murders . Suppose they lost the solid path between these pools ? The ground quaked as they walked on it . He looked back . In 1990 , over 5,000 school teams competed in the various Midland Bank sponsored national schools competitions and figures received so far suggest even more in 1991 . The development of a Tennis Teachers Course offers help to the non - coach teacher , and the inauguration of County Schools Tennis Associations ( there are now 39 ) has enabled locally based courses to be set up. We have prepared a wide - ranging study kit for GCSE , which will be available next term , and preparations are in hand for a scheme to construct solid links between schools and their local tennis club . Perhaps most significant of all is the launch of the National Schools Coaching Programme . This is being run as a pilot scheme in three counties this year , and will go nationwide as soon as a sponsor can be found . If the ribs ( sides ) are thinner , as suggested ( about 1.5mm ) hot bending will not be necessary and a better shape can be achieved by the use of a simple jig to hold the ribs while the glue dries . The use of small glue blocks along the inside of the joint is also a good idea . If the instrument is to be resonant the apparently solid finger board needs to be hollowed out from underneath , leaving about 6mm of wood top and sides and openings cut through the soundboard ( face ) to link this space to the interior of the instrument . If you are using guitar machine heads ( far more easily adjusted than pegs , which also require special tools to fit them accurately ) it is more convenient to modify the shape of the head and fit them only on the left ( if you are right - handed ) in the manner of Fender guitars . If you want symmetry make sure you get the right number of left or right - handed machines . Most bandsaws , for example , have a table considerably above the common machine table height which may enable you to cast long jobs above other machines . Most planer - thicknessers have a thicknessing table below common machine height , so position your thicknesser very carefully . For instance , we know in our workshop if you want to plane and thickness timber for a solid wood dining table that is longer than 10 feet , we have got to do it somewhere else . When it comes to choosing which machine to buy I would suspect that our requirements would be rather different from your own . This a busy commercial workshop . Each machine is probably used by half a dozen different people every day . Some of them may be less careful with it than others so we need machines that can take a battering . Not , I hope , that ny of my staff or students would batter any of my old ladies but my machines have to be very solid and reliable . A workshop with one machinist who carefully adjusts and sets the machine up and leaves it that way at the end of the job is not necessarily going to need the heaviest equipment . I know it is a terribly sexist remark but I do think of the machines in our first workshop as old ladies . Your questions Moveable tops Q We constantly read that when making table tops and the like from solid timber , one should not fix finishing pieces across the end - grain because the greater lateral expansion across the grain will break the glue joint eventually . Yet many of the custom designed pieces we see have such end pieces , often an integral part of the design . Are there ways around the problem which are not generally discussed , and is the problem non - existent with some timbers ? This article suggests that there masses of superb routes in the VS to E1 range on the crags of Southern France even on the most illustrious and intimidating of them . Excellent climbing can be combined with a family holiday in beautiful surroundings , with a virtual guarantee of sunshine . Remember these routes are all on limestone , which rarely gives good routes at less than VS , but a line of bolts , ending at a firmly anchored chain , up dry and solid rock , means that a much bolder approach can be adopted than on the polished , easier routes of Stoney or the vertical scree of Swanage . Climbing outside the usual circuit of The Pass , The Lakes , Stanage etc can be a real boost to your enjoyment and , I think , to your performance . It is difficult to equate French and British grades . The wedge is retracted when the device is placed and then released . When fallen on , the wedge is retained in the groove and forced against the nut and up the incline . But , the width of the crack prevents this and the nut remains solid . The wires are soldered into the nut and the device appears well engineered . One benefit of this over similar units is that the groove retains the semi - circular wedge , so it is hard to separate this moveable part from the nut . The upstairs lighting circuit is laid out on the floor of the loft , taking care not to put it under any loft insulation ( where it could overheat ) , and not to put junction boxes where they could be damaged by careless feet . The downstairs lighting circuit is run under the first - floor floorboards , with cables preferably threaded through holes drilled in the centre of joists , or clipped to the sides of the joists . To run cable down to light switches or to wall lights , it will usually be necessary to chase slots in solid walls , though if you are rewiring a house which was originally wired in metal conduit , you may be able to use the existing conduit buried in the plaster leading to light switches to feed the cable down. Chasing solid walls is done with a bolster chisel and club hammer , and it is important to keep the cables vertical so that you know where they are . Ideally , cables should be covered with metal half - channel before the plaster is made good with filler or a d - i - y plaster : you will , of course , have to redecorate the wall afterwards . Hamadi Jebali 's sentence was confirmed on 6 March 1991 by the Cassation court . This is the only court of appeal for cases tried by the military court , and looks only at points of law and not at facts and findings , thus providing a restricted appeal . In October 1990 , Hamadi Jebali , who is a member of the executive council of Hizb al - Nahda , had received a six month 's suspended sentence and a fine of 1500 dinars for publishing an article entitled The people of the State or the State of the people ? in Al - Fajr in June 1990 . This sentence may be added to the new one - year term . Please send courteous letters appealing for his immediate and unconditional release to : has brought together , accumulated and assimilated by means of the physical materials of his art a host of desires , intentions , and conditions coming from all regions of his mind and being . Sometimes he was thinking of his model , sometimes of the mixing of his pigments , his tone , his oils ; sometimes of the flesh itself and sometimes of the absorbent canvas . But , though independent , these objects of his attention coalesced , inevitably , in the act of painting when all the discrete , scattered moments , followed up , caught on the wing , suspended or elusive , were in process of becoming the picture on the easel . Even such richness may not be enough for a theoretician . Victor Burgin explained , for example , in The End of Art Theory that he was unwilling to be limited to an aesthetic response to the art object , which in turn is representative of the sensibility of the artist . Not only does seeing a chair as a three - dimensional object have this character , but so does seeing one line as longer in the Mulier - Lyer illusion ( in which two lines of equal length look unequal when differently slanting lines are drawn at the tips ) despite our knowing that the two lines are really the same length . Visual illusions are an excellent illustration , in fact , of the division between a specialized and autonomous mechanism for seeing and the cognitive system which determines whether we should believe what we see , as Helmholtz pointed out over a century ago. We can disbelieve the evidences of our senses , we can suspend disbelief , as well as believing the world is such - and - such with no sensory evidence at all . So , to introduce Fodor 's terminology , the mechanisms for delivering up packaged information about the world ( a parsed sentence , a representation of a three - dimensional object ) he calls the input systems . What I have been referring to vaguely as the knowledge system , Fodor calls the central systems . Deborah Levy On the tragedy and the hilarity of being in an uncomfortable place : Yasser Arafat jokes that he lives in an aeroplane because being made homeless , he might as well live in the air . In Salman Rushdie 's The Satanic Verses , two Indian men , Farishta and Chamcha , fall out of an aeroplane and hang suspended in the air before landing on the shore of Britain , where they begin to reconstruct their identities . I am nine and - a - half years old and sit in front of the television in England with my brother , watching characters like Meg and Sandy argue in the Cross roads motel , while fat Benny , the tele West Country moron in woolly hat , eats lots of pies . And somewhere through the hotel muzak lurks the sensation that things used to be different , that we ( my brother and I ) had n't always been wrapped in jumpers , silent , staring at the screen , that the days used to be hot and long . But then , as he pointed out , national experience was limited . No one under the age of 41 has any experience of voting in elections . He explained that elections and the resumption of parliamentary life , suspended after Israel 's seizure of the West Bank from Jordanian rule in 1967 , were the logical outcome of his decision on 31 July 1988 to sever legal and administrative ties with the West Bank . He made no direct reference to the disturbances in April against the government 's economic policies . Instead he summoned up the perennial fears on the East Bank of Israeli destabilisation and denounced what he said were Zionist plots to make Jordan a substitute homeland for the Palestinians . By CLARE DOBIE , Deputy City Editor SHARES in James Neill , the Sheffield engineer , were suspended yesterday at 202p , valuing the company at 140.2m , prompting speculation that an agreed bid will be launched today . The shares were suspended at the company 's request after James Wilkes , the beer mat maker also based in Sheffield , sold its 9.6 per cent stake in Neill . According to Stephen Hinchliffe , Wilkes ' chairman , it sold the shares for substantially more than 202p . This suggests that any bid would be pitched well above the suspension price . It 's a sculptural piece , in which the performers ' bodies become a continuation of the sculptural pieces . Alison Inkpen Sometimes you ca n't hear the Screaming an installation about the waste of human energy , both physical and emotional . The performance revolves round rows of hissingly - hot pressure cookers , which are brought to the point of pressure ; suspended above them are boxes of ice , with nails and bits and pieces , which drop on to the pressure cooker lids as the ice melts . It 's a sound - visual sculpture . Sebastiane Installation/performance about the artist 's relationship with his father . They went on to finish third in the finals in West Germany . Now , their main hopes rest on the striker Dariusz Dziekanowski , a deep disappointment to his countrymen when Poland lost to Gary Lineker 's hat - trick in Monterey in 1986 but lately revived by a transfer to Celtic , for whom he vainly scored four goals in that extraordinary roller - coaster of a European tie against Partizan Belgrade at Parkhead 13 days ago. Dziekanowski did not play at Wembley last summer he was suspended after walking out on his then club Legia Warsaw but clearly he is in the mood to test the English defenders whom Bobby Robson has been casting as his unsung heroes . The new Polish manager , Andrzej Strejau , has said he noted faults in Terry Butcher 's game during the goalless draw in Sweden last month . But England feel that the pace of Des Walker , the great gain of last season 's unbeaten sequence , should close any gaps . Ferranti fell 4.5p to 55p on the British Aerospace/Thomson - CSF interest . James Neill closed at 269p on the agreed bid . The shares were suspended on Monday at 202p . Guinness Mahon , the merchant bank , rose 1.5p to 147p . The second slice of the The Bank of Yokohama 's excess stake has been placed . Detective is suspended By MICHAEL HARRISON , Industrial Editor A SECOND senior detective with a regional crime squad has been suspended after an internal inquiry into allowances irregularities . The detective , whose name and rank have not been given , is a member of the Essex force and worked at the Brentwood office of the No 5 Regional Crime Squad , covering a large area of East Anglia and the South - east . Two weeks ago , a detective inspector from the office was suspended as part of the inquiry by Chief Supt Peter Nevitt , a divisional commander in the force . Mr Le Pen launched his own tirade of Nazi terminology , suggesting that his party members were being treated as Untermenschen . In accepting the apology last night , Mr Baron said he considered the case closed . Several members of the European Parliament , including Mr Cot , had called for the pair to be suspended for five days with financial penalties . However , Mr Baron also ordered a review of the rules regarding disturbances in parliament sessions to ensure that tougher sanctions can be applied to members causing disruptions in future . Exhibition of children 's books at the Frankfurt Book Fair The world 's second oldest league is celebrated in a new book that is an essential purchase for anyone who loves the game 's nuances . Northern Goalfields , a 466 - page labour of love by Brian Hunt , is a rich seam of statistical information , but dig deeper and a wonderful social and sporting history of the North - east emerges . There is the Crook Town Affair of 1928 , when 350 amateurs were suspended for accepting excessive tea money ; West Auckland 's World Cup triumphs in Italy in 1909 and 1911 ; the origins of Brian Clough 's first club , Billingham Synthonia ( named after an agricultural fertiliser ! ) ; and the brief flowering of the wonderfully named Thornaby Utopians . Part of the modern football experience is the rush of excitement when the local pink or green sports final arrives . Many a train trek is enlivened by scrutiny of the myriad reports and results over a BR BLT and coffee . Political balance cannot be achieved by criticizing one party during the mid - term of a parliament and another at election time . Indeed that may be a more subtle form of propaganda than a constant barrage of criticism . By criticizing the Conservative Party mid - term the right - wing press can build up a certain degree of credibility with its readers which it can then use to maximum effect by suspending criticism of the Conservative Party and increasing its attacks on Labour as the election approaches . Anecdotal evidence suggests that the tabloid press stores up suitable material for use in election campaigns . Editors do think explicitly about timing and they are not motivated merely to be the first to print a scoop : they keep stories until the time is ripe . We are the real fighters , the ones who come out of the company to fight for our rights . But the union just look on us as if we are employed by them . They have done the same thing to us as Ward did they suspended us . And now we have to fight to be reinstated in the union and then also to be reinstated in the company . The trade union leadership remained unmoved but to quote Race and Class ( Winter 1977 ) : Meredith claimed he had offered the bribe on behalf of the manager and that the players were to be offered a team bonus of 100 if they won the League . An FA investigation revealed that the club had regularly breached the maximum wage restrictions in the season 19045 . As a result seventeen players were suspended for six months , fined a total of 900 , and forbidden to play for the club again . Two directors were suspended for a year and the chairman and manager banned from football for good . The FA was determined to set an example , but here the difference between the largely amateur FA and the Football League was important . An FA investigation revealed that the club had regularly breached the maximum wage restrictions in the season 19045 . As a result seventeen players were suspended for six months , fined a total of 900 , and forbidden to play for the club again . Two directors were suspended for a year and the chairman and manager banned from football for good . The FA was determined to set an example , but here the difference between the largely amateur FA and the Football League was important . The League was controlled by the club chairmen , some of whom were undoubtedly also involved in making extra payments . This area was used for receiving the hops and for spreading them out to cool after they were removed from the kilns . Once the redistribution of moisture had taken place , the hops were swept into pockets . These were long sacks which were suspended through a circular hole in the floor , called the trading hole ( until presses were introduced , the hops were compressed by a man treading them in ) . A later development introduced a press to compress the hops in each pocket which was held in a pocket sling . After pressing , the pockets were tied and then stored in the ground - floor storage area , which was only required as a space in which the pockets were hung and for stoking the fires in the kilns . The Department of Health said it would not comment until it received details of the proposals . The move came amid calls from London Ambulance Service chiefs for staff to operate radios in line with procedures so that full 999 services , which have been almost paralysed , could be restored . Mr Poole urged doctors , hospitals and the public to continue approaching suspended London crews directly for emergency services instead of relying on the police , the army and the voluntary services . Staff in the West Midlands agreed yesterday to restrict radio use the central issue in London from Wednesday as part of an intensification of action around the country . Letters , page 22 The parents separated from time to time and the father also served a prison sentence . In 1986 the local authority became concerned about injuries which D had sustained and they obtained a place of safety order . D was placed with long - term foster parents with a view to adoption , and the mother 's access to her was suspended . In 1988 the foster parents applied to adopt D. The parents refused to consent to the adoption . In May 1989 Judge Wroath made an adoption order and ordered that the parents ' consent to the adoption be dispensed with on the ground that it was being unreasonably withheld . Paul added that it rekindled memories of a Borussia Moenchengladbach v Inter Milan tie which had to be replayed after a similar incident two seasons earlier . Neither the referee , who booked him , nor Uefa accepted Smith 's version of the event . He was later suspended for two European games for unsporting behaviour . ARECENT mention in this column of Brian Clough 's belief in clean sheets and good habits recalled , for Peter Gibbon of Sheffield , programme notes from a Sheffield Eagles Rugby League match . As a result of the closure of Owlerton Stadium , they stated , supporters would have to put up with a certain amount of incontinence . Mr Tom Crosby , London chief ambulance officer , said that a safe and reliable service could not be run in the capital under restrictions operated by crews . The National Union of Public Employees , the main ambulance union , dismissed the claim as a government inspired disinformation campaign . It said that the ambulance control centre at Waterloo was in chaos and confusion , and maintained that ambulance crews were continuing to answer 999 calls , even though they were suspended . A ballot among 200 controllers at Waterloo resulted in a decision not to pass 999 calls through to the police or the military . While some observed the decision , others were using fax machines to send details through to Scotland Yard . Jam - packed with a complete run of Plebs and sets of the TUC and Labour Party conference reports , it was here that he wrote his book The Labour College Movement . Allen Saddler J.P.M . Millar , born April 17 , 1893 ; died December 2 , 1989 international page 23 PAGE Israel suspends ban on intifada protest songs . By Ian Black in Jerusalem ON the eve of the second anniversary of the intifada , a row has broken out over two popular Hebrew songs which protest strongly about treatment of the Palestinians in the occupied territories and Israeli indifference to the situation . By Ian Black in Jerusalem ON the eve of the second anniversary of the intifada , a row has broken out over two popular Hebrew songs which protest strongly about treatment of the Palestinians in the occupied territories and Israeli indifference to the situation . The Minister of Education , Mr Yitzhak Navon , said yesterday that he was suspending a ban on the songs by the state - run Broadcasting Authority pending a final decision by the attorney - general . The Broadcasting Authority voted on Tuesday to stop the playing of Apres moi le deluge , by Nurit Galron , and Had Gadya , by Hava Alberstein . Likud members won after Labour representatives insisted that the vote was illegal . France has decided to cut off aid to the Comoros Islands until the French mercenary , Mr Bob Denard , and his men , who seized control 10 days ago , leave the archipelago , government sources said yesterday . France is the Comoros 's chief funder . The second largest backer , South Africa , said on Monday it was suspending aid and demanded the withdrawal of mercenaries . Reuter . Arabs drop UN vote . The bill also creates a Legal Services Ombudsman to oversee complaints procedures against solicitors and barristers . The ombudsman will have power to recommend that a lawyer or professional body pay compensation , but not to compel payment . The Law Society will have powers to suspend a solicitor convicted of a serious crime from practice before taking disciplinary proceedings , and to intervene in the practices of solicitors who are incapacitated or have abandoned their practices . Solicitors will lose their monopoly on applying for grants of probate to deal with wills . Banks , building societies and insurance companies will be able to apply for probate if they have a proper complaints handling scheme . Fifa officials could not immediately say how many players would benefit from the yellow - card amnesty , but confirmed that at least three players would be suspended for one World Cup match after receiving red cards . They were named as Romario of Brazil , Stanislav Griga of Czechoslovakia and Gheorghe Hagi of Romania . Two other players , Abdul Razaq Ibrahim Albalooshi , of the United Arab Emirates , and Mehmed Bazdarevic , of Yugoslavia who has a year 's ban could also be suspended for red - card offences if appeals were unsuccessful , the Fifa officials added . Beardsley , Pearce and Adams are the three England players who received yellow cards during qualifying matches . Ireland had six offenders : Whelan , Townsend , Aldridge , Stapleton , McCarthy and Houghton ( two ) . Although the document did not mention him , this was believed to be Chris Burrows , previously with Henderson Adminstration . The document widely touted around unit trust groups raises serious questions about the role of the managers and the trustees in informing the unit holders of the problems . The 12,000 investors whose right to deal in the units were further suspended this week until February 5 did not hear from the managers until two weeks after the funds were first suspended on November 6 . Even that letter was written after pressure from the Investment Management Regulatory Organisation ( IMRO ) whose chief executive John Morgan is critical of the way the managers have reacted . He says : Dumenil was at fault in not communicating . Although the document did not mention him , this was believed to be Chris Burrows , previously with Henderson Administration . The document widely touted around unit trust groups raises serious questions about the role of the managers and the trustees in informing the unit holders of the problems . The 12,000 investors whose right to deal in the units were further suspended this week until February 5 did not hear from the managers until two weeks after the funds were first suspended on November 6 . Even that letter was written after pressure from the Investment Management Regulatory Organisation ( IMRO ) whose chief executive John Morgan is critical of the way the managers have reacted . He says : Dumenil was at fault in not communicating . France has decided to cut off aid to the Comoros Islands until the French mercenary , Mr Bob Denard , and his men , who seized control 10 days ago , leave the archipelago , government sources said yesterday . France is the Comoros 's chief funder . The second largest backer , South Africa , said on Monday it was suspending aid and demanded the withdrawal of mercenaries . - Reuter . Arabs drop UN vote . Doncaster staged it 's first meeting since the abandonment of the St Leger fixture but it was a disappointing turnout with a total of only 29 runners , which included a walk - over by Tebitto , who won 4,491 because of the defection of Tap On in the Sea Pigeon Handicap Hurdle . Charlton v Millwall There is a relegation ring about this derby , with Charlton 19th and fast - falling Millwall only two points above them after no win in their last six games . Lennie Lawrence could give a first League start to the striker Kenny Achampong and names the trainee Jason Lee in the home squad , while Millwall are without the injured striker Teddy Sheringham and the suspended midfielder Terry Hurlock . Coventry v Arsenal Arsenal return to one of the few grounds where they were beaten last season , with their match winner against Manchester United , Groves , likely to partner Smith up front again . George Graham 's defending champions have lost four of their last five away games and Coventry , with Regis rediscovering scoring form and McGrath likely to return in midfield after five matches out , is no easy place to improve that record . Outside the church the statistics are higher still . Our aim is to reduce the number of new HIV infections by giving young people the facts about AIDS and by encouraging them to think about their future . So far we have visited over 100 schools and talked to more than 50,000 pupils . Survey of 150 church youth groups across the denominations 1729 interviewed ( Agape 1991 ) Overseas James S. Ackerman , the architectural scholar , makes use of this phrase in writing about art and communication : What a work of art communicates can be described only in terms of an interaction between an object and a subject ; it communicates nothing at all unless someone is there to look at it . In other words , there are no aesthetic objects , only physical objects , which , when observed , are capable of stimulating an aesthetic event . We can return for a moment to talk to the girl who went to Italy , and was overwhelmed by Michelangelo 's Sistine Chapel ceiling . Her idea of the value of art criticism was a simple one . In her mind there was a set of events which includes reading about a work of art and looking at it . A World Apart is , despite its author 's socialism , a deeply religious book , in which she has at times the sense of a man talking to God . She displays more sympathy for this anti - Semitic Moses , for this religious man who is against Jews and against the Soviet system , than she does for Jews who are not religious . Whether or not she has talked to God , she has certainly been reviewing for him. Levi , the expert on metals , would have had no difficulty in telling the difference between gold and tin . I have heard that he was saddened by these writings of Fernanda Eberstadt 's , in which his own writings are faulted . Comments This is a straight comedy speech ( though the character does not find herself funny ) . She is a busybody who likes talking and has cultivated her own style . Her Birmingham background is hinted at and if you can manage a Birmingham accent it might be useful , but it is not essential in finding the character . Teeth'n Smiles by David Hare For this reason the speed of the speech may be slower than it looks , the cigarette smoking being used to punctuate it . Teeth'n Smiles by David Hare Maggie , in between numbers at a rock concert , talks to Laura about the young student who has just made love to her . MAGGIE He was in a bit of a state , I could n't believe it . I knew I would n't play her as a wimp and the whole audition was based on the speech where she goes mad the flowers , rosemary for remembrance and the whole bit . George Roman read me and after I 'd done the first reading he asked me about my own attitudes to the Part and then told me his as a director , which were completely different . So I asked if I might go through it again and try some of the ideas he talked about . A.R. Did you find it easy to take direction from someone whom you did n't know ? Soon it had become one of the main topics of conversation . It was discussed with passion and anxiety in small groups and in large assemblies , in salons and cafs , in bars and in clubs . Friends talked the matter over far into the night and then went home , to their families or to the loneliness of dingy bed - sitting rooms , to carry on the debate in diaries and notebooks , poems and letters . No one knew what had first led to the rumour that soon images would die , nor how the rumour had grown into conviction and conviction into certainty . One young man , unable to tolerate the thought , burned himself alive in a public square . Horror of the summer noises in the street . Horror of the dogs running on the Common . Days eating scraps because I could not bear to enter a shop , talk to another human being , have people see me . Tried working through the Alekhine Paz had given me , but even chess filled me with disgust . Yet a kind of relief now at writing all this down. In a bookshop in Reykjavik someone buys a copy of the Green Box . Lovers meet in front of the big glass . I am not talking about the long run , he wrote . I have said enough about the long run already , where there will be no more Reykjavik and no more big glass and not even any more lovers . I am only talking about the next hundred years , he wrote , perhaps even only the next decade . Emanuel says he is surprised at the number of caterers who are unsure of the amount of cutlery to buy . Most think they need far more than they actually do . We talk to them about the style of service and food they are planning and the figure we recommend is often less than they had estimated , he says . The factor that governs all cutlery sales is its cost and Young of The Direct Tableware Company warns that big Korean manufacturers are increasing the minimum orders from importers . At least some of the extra cost of stockholding is likely to be passed on to the caterer . Similarly , a good front - of - house manager can give the customer an insight and appreciation of the chef 's ideas and foods . Many guests visit restaurants with preconceived ideas of what they should eat . Therefore the restaurant manager and other front - of - house staff must use their skill to talk enthusiastically and intelligently about the menu so that customers will appreciate what the chef is producing , and dare to be adventurous . The restaurant manager can gain maximum exposure for the chef and enhance customers ' enjoyment of the food . On return visits , they will take advice readily and gain better knowledge of the kitchen . Rigour , dedication , personal sacrifice over 15 long years and a belief in quality produce earned 70 % of those three Michelin stars . The rest , he modestly argues , is maybe down to talent . It was Verger who talked Loiseau into taking over , in March 1975 , a few tight square metres of greasy kitchen space at La Cte d'Or in Saulieu 's only main street . The pink - coloured building that overlooks a municipal car park rode out glorious days under the renowned Alexandre Dumaine before crumbling into a state of tatty neglect . The backwater village of 3,000 inhabitants , 250km south - east of Paris , was once an obligatory stopping - off point for travellers headed south for the Riviera . No , that is wrong , Sven Hjerson went on in his level , accented tones . You heard so much as I did , Miss Buckley . On board the steamer the two of them were talking about what would happen to the title if Lord Woodleigh was to die before they had any children , and Lord Woodleigh said Sven Hjerson 's ears heard it although now you get the estate . Now , he was saying . And about something as important as so much land and money he would speak with correctitude . That is what Magnus says about girls he does n't like and it 's very funny . But I never expected the reaction it got coming from me . Everyone stopped talking . Father spun round , took three steps towards me and smacked me on the ear . I was stunned . Magnus has a far better time than I do . It 's probably because his father is n't important . When Magnus wants something he gets it , and his parents listen to him when he talks . When I grow up , I thought , I 'm going to join the Socialist Party and become a spy . I could make a floor plan of Father 's study , and I 'm good at listening behind doors . They seemed to be arguing . I 'll never go back , I thought . He 's not a proper father : he 'd rather talk to a foreigner than come and find his own son . I had to walk all the way to Magnus 's house in the dark because I did n't have any money . And by the time I got there I was very cold and hungry . Henry Tyler said , I have to be back in Whitehall tomorrow , Wen . I must be with my Minister at ten but I 'll come back for the funeral or if anyone else wants to talk to me In the event the persons who wanted to talk to Henry Tyler went to the Foreign Office to see him where they found his rank to be rather higher than that of errand - boy . In fact he had his own office and a considerably larger area of carpet than anyone in Berebury suspected . The two policemen who were shown into his room did not appear to be daunted by this . It takes a great deal of prestidigitatory skill to poison someone before your very eyes so to speak . That 's not a word that I know sir but I think I take your meaning . We are talking of the art of the conjuror Ah , said Milsom . Where did the patter come in then ? enquired Detective Constable Bewman . Mike Davies . THE COMMITMENTS is Alan Parker 's new film and represents a change of direction for him which has been phenomenally successful . Somehow working with a young cast in Dublin has brought out the best in Parker as a director to create the film that is already being talked about as the best rock movie in years . The story starts with Jimmy Rabbitte , a man with a vision . His vision is to bring soul music to Dublin , and he sets out to bring together a band with raw potential and rough and ready talent . As he himself put it , talking about his film , SUBARNAREKHA , Refugee ? Who is not a refugee ? Within moments , he is talking about Brecht 's THREEPENNY OPERA pointing out how Brecht invented an abstract London , not in order to escape from the reality of the city , but to create a generalized framework which could be relevant to audiences in many different places . So , his Bengal is also an invented framework , a device , and yet a device which , he hopes , will enable him to show more of the truth than simple realism could . Finally , Ghatak tried to find a way between popular melodrama and the avant - garde . Any time that a wing begins to drop at a stall it is the beginning of a possible spin , but the spin can only develop if the wing is kept stalled and the glider is allowed to continue to yaw . In the UK there has been much discussion about teaching stall recoveries with a view to making it all easier for the beginner to understand and remember . It has been suggested that incipient is an unfamiliar word , that associating the stall with a spin might get the student worried , and that to simplify things we should only talk about stalls and spins . Although it is obviously accurate to call an incipient spin a stall with a wing - drop , I think that this is trying to avoid the issue , which is that it is really the beginning of a spin and at least a potential spin . Recommended recovery Many pilots consider , quite wrongly , that it shows lack or judgement to use airbrakes on the base leg . If you have been thinking this way , practise having height in hand and using the airbrakes on the base leg . The instructor should encourage the pilot to talk through his thoughts aloud to find out whether not using the airbrakes is caused by failing to realise the glider is too high or by not being quick enough to decide and act . Serious misjudgement of heights during the circuit Blank off the last 500 feet on the altimeter and practise guessing heights below 600 feet . It gives a balanced diet , and protects against infections . It also helps your baby feel loved and secure . Early in your pregnancy , talk to your doctor , midwife or health visitor about how to prepare for breast feeding . They can also advise you about bottle feeding your baby if this is what you prefer . The father 's place . After the birth , intercourse can begin again as soon as you feel ready and so long as you do n't feel any discomfort . Although your chances of becoming pregnant again may be lessened if you are breast feeding your baby , this is not a reliable method of birth control . So talk to your doctor , midwife or health visitor , or your family planning clinic , about contraception . Remember , family planning is free under the National Health Service and you can choose whether to go to a family planning clinic or a GP . Further information on family planning is available free of charge from The Family Planning Information Service If you feel that your child may be mixing with youngsters who sniff glue , you could talk to your child and warn him or her of the possible risks and dangers involved . Your interest and support are important to your child . Encourage them to talk to you about any worries or problems they may have . Sometimes young people take to glue - sniffing out of boredom . Encourage your child to get involved in activities at school or in the area . After the birth , make sure you get your German Measles vaccination so you can be certain you 're protected for the future . It is very important that you do n't become pregnant for at least three months after you have had the vaccination . If you would like advice on contraception , talk to your doctor or local family planning clinic . REMEMBER . When you protect yourself against German Measles , you 're protecting your unborn children . Thus our contacts with firemen , St John Ambulance men , special constables , and the like were all used to define them as being somewhat unreal and therefore slightly less than human . Such groups were said to be like the foreigners in the adjacent forces , for it was constantly repeated that many wanted to join us but failed because of some inadequacy . This was especially true of the Fire Service , our immediate neighbours , and it applied equally to those in the adjacent Gateshead Borough Police and Northumberland Constabulary , who were always talked of as being a lesser breed of mortals . This characteristic supports Peter Evans ( 1977 ) , then The Times 's Home Affairs correspondent , who described the police as being peculiarly tribal by nature . In the small forces of the late 1950s these separations were made much of , with those in the adjacent forces essentially seen as belonging to another tribe . Jay tie - dyed shirts purple with white star bursts , stopped wearing shoes , wore fringed waistcoats , Indian head - bands , bought incense and cultivated a dead - pan expression . She did n't look like she was there ; she knew she did n't want to be there . She thought she was ugly and monstrously fat , and was always surprised and cynical when boys/men talked to her . One of the going - steady girly types at her school told her boys thought she was cool and superior . This made her cry desperately . Nice , ain't it ? Alter - ego sighs and looks wise . So do n't talk to me . Take the evening off . Certainly ! Studs had been Dionne 's last Big Romance . She 'd moved in on and in with Dionne , spitting scorn at her friends , slurring drunk at parties . Jamie called her Ug the Cavewoman , Francis had tried talking with her on many occasions : Only I do find monosyllables wearing , dear ! Dionne went for the outlaw type , or so she said , then mothered and civilised them until they were unrecognisable , and when her dream of civilised and raunchy equality went out the slammed door , there she was alone again , smoking a little more than usual , drinking a little more than necessary and swearing herself to celibacy until the next sulky brow slouched into view and stole her hopeful heart away . The connoisseur also hopes to have in a drawing an authentic work by an artist 's own hand , which in the case of an oil painting may not be so assured . European studio practice from the Renaissance to the nineteenth century included the master 's employment of assistants , and the use of specialists for parts of pictures , such as drapery or landscape . Watercolours are also treated in surveys . Here the writer is likely to be a practitioner , and the approach may defer to the popularity of the medium as a pastime for amateurs . Print - making has had the advantage of some careful scholars , but an excellent book is by a practitioner , Stanley Hayter . Portnoy 's Complaint is a work of the furious imagination spoken of , and rendered debatable , in The Facts . It is seen in The Facts to belong to the times in which the writer lived when he wrote the novel , when opposition to the Vietnam War , and to a President Johnson perceived as monstrous , took to the street - wisdom of a farcical obscenity . The Facts is able to treat the historical conditioning of Portnoy 's Complaint in a way in which the novel itself was not in a position to do . It has the benefit of hindsight . But it would also appear to know its own place in history in a way which an exercise of the furious imagination in art can sometimes seem to prevent . CAMRA is also concerned at the way in which many keg beers are brewed and the ingredients used . Mashing , boiling and fermentation are often speeded up in large breweries using such devices as continuous fermentation and high gravity brewing , both of which produce standardised bland beers of mediocre quality . In order to further speed and cheapen the process , inferior ingredients such as maize , rice , triticale , wheat flour and potato starch are used and helped on their way by chemicals that hasten fermentation , cut down on the yeast head in the vessels to allow more wort to be treated , and to give a lively fake head to the finished product . Beer is classified as a food stuff and yet it is excluded from the legal requirements to list ingredients . Drinkers have a right to know whether the beer they are drinking is a genuine barley malt product or whether it is stuffed full of such tasty ingredients as corn syrup , propylene glycol alginate , amyloglucosidase , papain enzymes and potassium metabisulphite . True , but they have a pleasant time in the sun while they 're about it . What do you mean by us being set in our ways ? he asked , the tone of his voice changing when he put the question . You tend to treat life as if it were a game of cricket , for one thing . Do we really ? No , but you have a maddening habit of pretending you do . However , it is important to remember the gap . My becoming homeless was not a result of my dropping out of a system which probably would have supported me until retirement age ; it was the result of a chain of events which took place much , much later . Blame me for becoming poor if you like I admit , I blew it but the responsibility for the way our society treats its poorer members is not exclusively mine . One immediate result of my departure from Berkeley was my giving up my flat by the school and going back to London . I was disappointed to find that accommodation was scarcer and more expensive than I thought it would be and the best that I could afford was a large first - floor room in a bedsitter house on Ladbroke Grove . Win a Renault Clio Solve part two of our plant identity parade and you 've the chance to win a fantastic new car . Subscriptions and binders You never miss an issue with our brilliant 15 - for - 12 subscription offer , so why not treat yourself to a specially - priced binder to keep them in , too ? Back issues Our first six issues are the gardening collectors ' items of the year . Check that the chemical will in fact control the pest and can be used on the affected plant . Use the most appropriate formulation , too . Concentrated liquid pesticides applied as diluted sprays are perhaps the most versatile against pests of top growth , whereas soil pests are often treated with granules or dusts , the latter also used as seed dressings . Aerosols are expensive but useful for emergencies , especially indoors . Fumigants are generally used for non - selective treatment of confined areas such as greenhouses . Two pairs of legs per segment , compared with one for centipedes , the gardener 's allies . Millipedes eat seeds , seedlings , roots and bulbs . Disturb with frequent cultivation , and treat with a soil insecticide . Control other soil pests , such as cutworms , leatherjackets and wireworms , in the same way . Caterpillars If the glider gets wet before taking off for a high climb , the airbrakes may freeze up and become unusable . This makes it vital for the pilot to be able to manage any loss of control due to stalling or spiralling without using them . Severe icing seems rare , but even slight jamming of the controls should be treated as a serious warning to leave the cloud immediately before all control is lost . Modern machines are blessed with a minimum of tail area and even a small coating on the leading edge of the tailplane may cause uncontrollable stability problems . Probably for this reason most of the glass fibre gliders are not cleared by the manufacturers for cloud flying . Duration of meaningful contact , two and a half minutes , fifteen minutes . Yo , Jay , have yourself a wallow ! Lucy was treating Jay like a delightful new acquaintance she could n't quite place or fit into her life . Jay cursed that she was so pleased with the crumbs of comfort : coffee , a drink , a phonecall . Almost a month went by before she allowed herself an evening to realise that there was at the very least and latest , an unfinished conversation between them . There would be no more In Love redemption , thought Jay , in fact all she knew was that she did n't know what Love was . Some conclusion , Baby Jay ! She decided to treat herself as good as she would if she was In Love with Jay . For example , now , she would be gathering shells to show to The Beloved , searching for ways to describe the perfect Disney sky . She felt like a total loony doing these things for herself . give the same protection and employment rights that you would to other employees who have problems related to other forms of ill - health treat employees sympathetically if they relapse and give them another chance if they take advice and undergo treatment But what if an employee refuses help , or drops out of a recovery programme ? In itself , this should n't be grounds for disciplinary action . Thus because there are stomach muscles which operate vertically , diagonally and horizontally , complex bending and twisting movements are possible , and support for the vital abdominal organs is provided . One of the most popular myths in weight training is that higher reps produce bigger abdominals . However , in order for the abdominals to grow you must treat them like any other muscle group , and work them hard for 8 to 12 reps using 3 to 4 sets . Two of the most basic exercises for increasing abdominal development are weighted sit - ups and weighted leg raises . To do these effectively you need either an abdominal board which can be used on an incline , or a plank with one end raised on bricks and a piece of rope tied to that end to hook your feet underneath . Heat treated copan from the Congo Further to the query by Mr P. Ridgley of Oldham regarding copal varnish ( WW/June 91/p.557 ) , we would inform you that copal varnishes were manufactured from fossilised resins , mainly obtained from the Congo . The copal was heat treated to make it soluble in oils and solvents . A varnish made from copal was known as short , medium or long oil length , depending upon the proportions of copal to oil . The mixture of oil and copal was thinned , usually with white spirit . English Electric Class 37s in particular were subjected to near - total rebuilds , involving replacement of the main generator with an alternator , regeared CP7 bogies , and in some cases Ruston or Mirrlees power unit , electric - heat generator , or ballast weights added to provide extra adhesion for particular freight work . Thus , one standard locomotive design evolved into six specialist types . Many Brush - built Class 31s were equipped with ETH generators and given a major body overhaul , while some Class 47s were similarly treated . The Class 50 refurbishment programme was completed , although they are destined for a short life , while limited work was also carried out on Class 20s , 26s and 33s to see them through to the arrival of new designs . On reflection , costly mistakes were made with both the Class 27s and 45s , whose short careers could not possibly have justified the lavish life - extension work carried out on them . CREATING A LIMED PINE EFFECT Wood finishes that let the natural beauty of the grain show through are becoming more and more popular . A d - i - y alternative to limed oak can be created by treating pine to a coat of liming wax . 1 These pine cabinet doors were sanded to a smooth finish before being given one coat of Antique Pine wood dye . PRESERVATIVE Treating battens Do battens need to be treated in any way before fixing ? They are to be used outside under cladding . Wherever possible , buy pre - treated ( often called Tanalised ) battens . Do battens need to be treated in any way before fixing ? They are to be used outside under cladding . Wherever possible , buy pre - treated ( often called Tanalised ) battens . These will have been pressure - impregnated , and will be resistant to damp and insect attack . If you ca n't get treated timber , soak it in a simple preservative - filled trough made of bricks covered by a heavy gauge polythene sheet . Wherever possible , buy pre - treated ( often called Tanalised ) battens . These will have been pressure - impregnated , and will be resistant to damp and insect attack . If you ca n't get treated timber , soak it in a simple preservative - filled trough made of bricks covered by a heavy gauge polythene sheet . This is far more effective than brush application . HAMBONE by Mike Flanagan Iron and steel can also be primed with these materials for interior work , but for exterior work calcium plumbate primer is best . Calcium plumbate primer can also be used on galvanised iron , but zinc chromate or zinc phosphate is used on aluminium alloys . Iron and steel can also be treated with a cold galvanising paint , which reacts with a thin layer of rust to form a rust - proof coating that can be painted . After priming , the metals can be painted in the usual way . A popular paint for iron railings , gutters and downpipes is black bitumen , which though it loses its gloss quickly still retains its protective qualities . As this is over the inheritance tax threshold , it would bring a tax bill of 4,800 . By leaving 5,000 to ACET , however , the taxable value of your estate is reduced to 135,000 and this would give a tax saving of 2,000 . What form of words should I use for a legacy to ACET ? It might be helpful to take to your solicitor a form of words to cover your gift to ACET and we suggest the following : To ACET of Paramount House , 71/75 Uxbridge Road , Ealing , London W5 for its general purposes ( one of these alternatives ) : 1 . British Medical Journal ( Source : BMJ 1991 ) ; 302 : 2037 ) The cause of death figures are also changing beyond all recognition . In 1986 , the classical pneumocystis pneumonia used to be the final event in the disease process in almost half ( 46 % ) of AIDS related deaths . While pneumonia continues to be a common occurrence , by 1989 improved treatment had reduced the numbers dying as a result to only 3 % . Instead , people are developing other problems are developing other problems such as cancers which give rise to the need for long - term community support . The guards on the frontiers between art history and art criticism shoot neither intruders nor escapers . Indeed , there are some who feel that there should be no border , thinking back nostalgically to days when there was only one domain of art . In some writing today , too , it is possible to find the words critic and historian being used interchangeably . Art is after all the subject of attention for both critic and historian , even though the functions and methods of the two sorts of writer have drawn apart . Fifty years ago they were in closer touch . On Dada he wrote : With robust iconoclastic humor the Dadaists mocked what they considered the sorry shams of European culture . They even attacked art especially modern art but while they made fun of the pre - War Cubists , Expressionists and futurists , they borrowed and transformed many of the principles and techniques of these earlier movements . Barr , in what used to be a general policy for museum curators , was not writing a passionate defence of the work his museum exhibited . Rather , the Museum does not intend to sponsor a particular aspect of modern art , but rather to make a report to the public by offering material for study and comparison . Barr 's European equivalents flourished in the 1950s rather than the 1930s Jean Cassou at the Muse d'Art Moderne in Paris , Wilhelm Sandberg at the Stedlijk in Amsterdam , Pontus Hulten at the Modern Museum in Stockholm and then at the Pompidou Centre in Paris . No prizes can be offered for pointing out that at a given moment there are artists of several generations working and in very different ways . A further , and rather extreme way of dealing with a chronological survey of art is to eliminate the artists . Art history without names was a phrase used by Heinrich Wlflinn , in his introduction to The Principles of Art History first published in 1915 . Wlflinn was Burckhardt 's successor as professor at Basel , but his later successful career took him to Berlin , Munich and Zrich , a major art historian whose interests were primarily in the Renaissance and the Baroque . Wlflinn was naturally not ignorant of artists , but the famous phrase indicated an interest in the sequence of art seen as forms which develop as if of their own volition . This extended critical evaluation is a rarity in a survey , but very welcome in the way it spells out a connoisseur 's response in formal terms to a work of art . It has the added value of being firmly rooted in a thorough understanding of technique . Surveys of painting , it has to be admitted , are more fallible in this respect , partly because of the relative simplicity of the means used . Differences exist between the media of tempera and oil , or oil and acrylic , but they do not have the importance of contrasts in other material processes . Nevertheless , there is one group of surveys of painting which have a special interest : those which form part of handbooks or , more grandly , treatises on how to paint . It is modestly titled About Prints . In it this English master printmaker wrote lucidly and well about the range of possibilities in his profession . His memories of his Paris studio add spice to his account , for the facilities there were used not only by his students but in addition by such major artists as Mir and Picasso . The technical survey is above all a category of book in which the writer will have closely observed the material discussed . This observation has direct bearing on questions of authenticity , since a detail may be the way that the true can be separated from the false . No night is now with hymn or carol blest . Therefore the moon , the governess of floods , Pale in her anger , washes all the air , That rheumatic diseases do abound . And thorough this distemperature we see He must wait till the poison had all gone . Then he could think back over the rising and understand and admit its weaknesses and set himself to imagine a better future This small piece of reasoning was as frail as wormwood memories welled and streamed in his head , washing away all effort at steady thinking . Colberg galled him most the officer 's gentlemanly aplomb helping him to swim like an eel under and between the weapons of a thousand angry people . Colberg was confident . I wanted their approval , even if they did smell so terrible , the reek of their hair in its stiff , bright tufts mixing with the fumes of alcohol . I began to alter my standards of hospitality , offering them my pale , cold face when their music grew louder , when they began laughing among themselves and did n't take the trouble to explain their jokes to me as they had before , or repeat their words until I understood what they were saying . The English boy showed the others all the implements and products I had collected for cleaning and disinfecting , telling them I had a mania for cleanliness , and I 'd once decided to wash all his clothes and he 'd had to stay indoors the whole day . I felt revolted by them and began to sleep in the hall , dragging a pillow and a wool blanket off the bed and leaving the room to them , in the hope that they would understand my anger , that they would no longer stay till the early hours of the morning , stepping over me as I lay asleep , leaving overflowing ashtrays and empty glasses and cans and bottles strewn about the floor . Sometimes they were so drunk they fell asleep where they were and lay without pillows or covers until I returned from work , and then I would rage at them in Arabic , telling them that thanks to them my room was no better than the Italian 's pigsty at home ; we used to spit on the ground whenever we went near it , children and grownups alike , shouting exclamations of disgust , even though all we could see of it was the outer fence . I had a meal as a guest of the French Padre and two other Commandos , in a fairly large dug - out . The meal was excellent . I had no idea what it was , but it certainly tasted good , all being washed down with a very good red wine . I have learned very quickly since landing in Normandy to eat and drink what is offered , with no questions asked . The Padre sitting opposite me had a rifle across his knees , the rifle not in keeping with his rather mild manner and angelic face . The last words that I heard were , Good night , Piper , I shall leave the door open . Six - thirty a.m. next morning the Sergeant woke me with a very loud , Good morning , Piper , and , placing a mug of cocoa on the floor beside me , he went back to his office . After a wash and shave , then breakfast a roll containing a fried egg washed down with one more mug of cocoa I wondered what had happened to his tea rations . Or do policemen in the Highlands now drink cocoa at breakfast ? At 7.30 I am walking out through the town in the direction of Lochy bridge then across Blarmhor . There was never a hint of a blow . So persistent was the language that it had become no more remarkable than just another wayward manner of speaking and their sons paid so little attention to it that it might well have been one of the many private languages of love . The dishes had been washed and put away . Mona went to join Sheila upstairs . Maggie was going visiting . Moran said darkly . And God stays out of it , McQuaid twisted round the old saw . The girls had washed and put away the cups and plates , covered the few squares of sandwiches that remained with a damp cloth . Mr McQuaid 's room is ready , Maggie said as they prepared to take their leave for the night . The bed is aired . They say she 's wild after him. She goes every evening to the post , and they began to laugh again at what they saw as a mocking mirror of their own flowering . Moran took the small blue Ford out of the shed after Mass on Sunday , tested the engine and tyres , then washed the car down , dried it and waxed it till it shone . At three o'clock he drove the four miles to Rose Brady 's house . The lane into the house was narrow and winding with too many gates so he parked the car on the wide grass margin beside the platform for the creamery cans . Amid it all was their constant awareness of Moran 's watching presence , sharpening everything they did with the danger of letting something fall and break and bring the weight of his disapproval into the small chain . All their movements were based more on habit and instinct and fear than any real threat but none the less it was an actual physical state . They would wash up the same way even if they were not watched . As looking down from great heights brings the urge to fall and end the terror of falling , so his very watching put pressure on them to make a slip as they dried and stacked the plates and cups . There were several alarms , bringing laughing giggles of relief when they came to nothing . The National Association of Specialisht Anglers member put in a couple of days on the River Swale at Topcliffe in North Yorkshire to take six chub over 4 lb , including specimens of 5 lb 13 oz and 5 lb 12 oz. The river had been ten feet up the previous week and I thing the chub had been pushed into the swim , said Mick , 33 . But it also meant a lot of brances had been washed down and the river has a lot of snags anyway . The line just went solid with the 5 ob 13 oz fish see - sawing around a snag and I was sure the line would go . A similar thing happened with the 5 lb 12 oz fish but I had luck on my side . Um , he says , and goes on to explain that in Norway a small , useless knife sometimes seen about the person of hunters and campers who have little idea is known as a mouse castrator . Our knife , he decides , does not fall into that category . Later we all climb to the top of the cliffs behind the bay , an arduous scramble up step , stream - washed scree . At the top , perhaps three hundred metres or so above the camp , the view is phenomenal . flat - topped Sandoya rears up out of the sea , with , behind it , the tent - like shape of Sr - Fuglya , a bird reserve . Elsewhere Salim separates himself from the doers and makers of the big world beyond him , of whom it is said : They 're making cars that will run on water . Such people are impartial , up in the clouds , like good gods . The men in the bush are watched by gods who are barely a jump above their heads : these white gods are more remote . Salim reads about their doings in his magazines of popular science , and letting Ferdinand into the secret of his interest , he feels he is revealing his true self . But if his true nature is to be romantically on the rise , and to have ideas , it is also his nature to occupy the middle ground . Then she undid her dress ( she could manage it quite well by herself , it seemed ) and let it fall , picking up the kimono from the couch and wrapping it casually around her . So do n't mind me , she said sweetly , patted Conroy 's cheek as she passed , and was gone . Marion and her son had an agreeable high tea of poached eggs on toast , tea and cakes , went for a little walk along Old Compton Street and bought some gorgonzola and a pound of cherries before returning to the theatre for the evening show ; he was allowed to watch the first act from the wings before making his way back to Putney on his own . There was plenty of time before Curtain Up at 8 o'clock , half the cast had gone out and backstage had a drowsy air about it . Even Bert was not in his cubbyhole , but Flossie was and gave a languid thump of her tail . I asked . He was being much more friendly than Father who had n't spoken a word to me all evening . While we watched , Annabel wormed her way into the circle around Kezia with a plate of smoked salmon sandwiches . I was thinking how funny it would be if I had switched the smoked salmon for ham . Everyone knows that if Hebrews see ham they fall writhing to the floor and all their teeth drop out . She laughed . Don't be silly , she said , and she bounced off . I watched her go and then , shaking my head , I turned and walked the other way . I was soon in Leicester Square , which was already packed with people who 'd come for an evening out . All around me there were cinemas . Thank you . A couple of papers were duly bought and after that we parted company . The bounce was now back in Jenny 's step , I noticed , as I watched her head off towards the tube . She had evidently decided that things were going to be all right . On the way back to Harwich , the newspapers did a marvellous job of keeping my mind off things , and it was only on the last leg of the journey that the butterflies started to flutter again . Nevertheless , he should try and take control and tell the other handlers what to do . Inhibiting situations Whereas in the air pilots may make good decisions and behave responsibly , on the ground they may feel that each move is being watched and criticised by the other members . This will make them less decisive and may inhibit them from giving orders or taking charge of the situation . Since it is quite unusual to need to stop a launch , a shy person would certainly hesitate about shouting out . This is very noticeable with experienced pilots flying into cloud without the help of the instruments . After a very short time their sensations are heightened and they become worried . For this reason , in gliders it is important to avoid watching the instruments during nose - down pitching manoeuvres such as stall recoveries and when recovering into normal flight following a cable break during a steep winch launch . Instinctive reactions to low g ' Some pilots are completely incapacitated by even gentle nose - down pitching movements . Less affected people will move their head back and push forwards on the stick . Normally , you will have an opportunity to look over the machine and to sit in the cockpit beforehand to think about all the knobs and levers . The Maker 's Handbook , although sometimes written in somewhat basic English , will give you an idea of the flying characteristics and flight limitations . It is also useful to watch how other pilots handle the glider . If possible , get someone else to fly it before you to make quite sure that the ASI is working correctly . Obtain the approximate stalling speed , the normal thermalling speed and a sensible approach speed for the glider type from the pilot . There is no doubt the uniform policemen see their one - time associates in the CID as having crossed a divide , while the detectives know they have joined a closed and somewhat lite family group , whose strengths include the inside support of other members of that society . In many cases becoming a detective relies on a quiet system of patronage ; of being invited in by those already inside with power . Having watched and assessed the track record of some young officer , the middle - ranking detectives will perhaps put him forward as a candidate , and I have watched as potential members were admitted only after a series of phone calls had ensured their acceptability to the department . I have also seen written applications for the CID ridiculed by those inside , and listened to the expressions of disbelief that these nave applicants were so short of shillings that they did n't realise that admission was by invitation only . I have also had to tell others they are unlikely to get in and then try to explain the politics of the department to them and watch their dismay when they realize that , perhaps regardless of merit , they do not fit in . A rare feeling . So she hoovered the floor , made a leisurely and politically correct lasagne , whipped egg whites , chilled good wine , luxuriated in the lion - gold tobacco Dionne had brought her from France , wondered about writing to the manufacturers about distribution in England . Only then did she let herself watch the clock to the strains of Beethoven 's Apassionata . Oh , to live abroad ! But whenever she 'd been free to emigrate , she 'd fallen in love and put it out of the question . She had brought detective novels and thrillers and cursed her hectic reading speed : only the second day and she was half - way down the pile . But then she shrugged : every plot was so eminently forgettable , she could start again , once she was through . She watched her bare toe rub against the whitened concrete of the balcony . It was a nice toe , she decided . Here 's to you , toe , she said , raising her long clear glass of white wine and mineral water , where the ice cubes had long since melted . The woman had short very black hair , stylishly cut away from the curve of her jaw ; her head was upright , and her firm chin rested on one hand . A tendril of smoke lazed through the air from a cigarette . Her skin was pale , and as Jay watched , she leaned forward and massaged sun - cream into her calves with such concentration and pleasure that Jay was transfixed . Suddenly the woman turned . Oh , I 'm sorry , she called , when she saw Jay . This is a key point because you should always feel more or less equal to that which confronts you . If you have done enough of the right type of training , there is no reason why you should n't give a good account of yourself . Some karateka can cope with watching the action and measuring up their adversary while others prefer to retire outside the tournament arena to somewhere quiet . Over - anxious competitors may benefit by practising meditation . This involves sitting comfortably with your back and head erect . Amongst them he saw , with a further pang , Joseph Stewart , the laird of Foss beside Loch Tummel . What on earth ? As he watched , a young lad suddenly stooped behind Stewart and made a piggy - back , another lad shouldered him , and over he went , falling heavily while people nearest roared and laughed . He was a prisoner , then ? Thunderous knocks hit the door downstairs , the bell clanged and clanged . His blue eyes had fired up with excitement . Allan ! Cameron was sincerely amused he found himself weirdly untroubled , as though he was watching a fantasy unfolding in which he was barely implicated . They would break in in a trice , while you were putting fresh shot in your fowling gun , and cut us into mincemeat . If we have half an hour , the first thing is to burn the lists . She picked her way between them , treading with care so as not to shower things with sand . A woman she passed was telling her husband to put on his shirt or he would bum . She watched a wet swimsuit twisted from the body of a screaming toddler , and a beach towel making freakish shapes as the woman under it changed . Julia turned away from the sea , stepped from sand onto concrete and settled herself at a terrace table outside a caf . She ordered a pot of tea for one . Something new from the library ? I asked , taking an interest . When she did n't reply I crossed the room , stood with one hand on the back of her chair and watched her turn pages of colour plates of patchwork quilts . That library does you proud , I said . Ordering special books . Don had backaches and headaches . He suffered from bouts of indigestion . He could no longer keep his eyes open to watch any one of the Thrill - a - Minute videos which , until quite recently , would have kept him on the edge of his seat . Tonight he had been immersed in scenes of Mafia violence and found himself the next moment slumped in the Chesterfield staring at silver snow on the screen . The film was over . You ? About the same . They sat on the sofa and watched The Two Ronnies , laughing at the same jokes . This Friday Geraldine returned to the kitchen , washed her plate , wiped all the worktops , mopped the floor and cleaned out two cupboards . She unplugged the fridge and opened the door intending to let the fridge defrost . She unplugged the fridge and opened the door intending to let the fridge defrost . There were two cans of beer inside ; she took one . On the nine o'clock news she watched Alan sitting in bed , wearing striped pyjamas . Geraldine had not seen him in pyjamas before . The next sequence from an amateur video taken soon after the crash showed him being cut out of a wrecked coach . Amnesty International does not want to hear any more excuses , from governments or from anybody else . The horrors must be stopped everywhere once and for all . Human rights can be won even against overwhelming odds . We have seen it happen . Change is possible . Watching the cuisinires during the early stages , there was no obvious clue as to why anyone should find it necessary to draw a theoretical distinction between male and female chefs . One woman was handier with a knife , another was better organised , two had marvellous raw materials , another was feeling the pressure of competing . At least an hour before the cooks submitted their offerings to be judged , it was clear who was going to win . Reine Sammut of La Fenire , a de luxe bistrot in the Vauclusian hill - town of Lourmarin , had the edge . Her carr de'agneau de lait truff en crote , aux pointes d'asperges de Villelaure , combined new season Luberon lamb , the pick of the region 's fresh truffles and asparagus tips in their prime . In my experience , any combination of the above ensures continuous rain for the next three months ! Angela Blanchard , Keighley , W. Yorks Pools win I enjoyed the articles on water gardening in the July issue . When starting my pond , I was overwhelmed by the generosity of friends and neighbours with all sorts of pond plants . A successful team may have to go through a number of fights during the course of a day 's competition so it is not at all unusual to see teams short - handed through injury in the final stages . Never be tempted to forfeit the last two bouts of a male team match , or the last bout of a female team match if you have already seen your team take the deciding first three/two victories . Although the opposing team has no chance of winning , any attempt to withdraw your remaining team - member ( s ) may well be rewarded by disqualification of the entire team for bad sportsmanship . Sometimes an event is at first delayed but then things happen fast . Should this occur , a team which is relaxing may find itself out of earshot when their name is called . The training environment for this must always be an 8m x 8m ( 9.5yd x 9.5 yd ) area , and you should practise until you are sure of your position within it at any given time . You must never allow yourself to be crowded out , neither must you retreat so far that you overstep the area boundary . To do so is to help the opponent to win without his having to hit you with a single scoring technique . Stance The karate bout has some similarities with a boxing match in so far as both contestants move around the ring exchanging blows . I know that none better I do . The man was hotching with his story and Cameron had no need to prompt him. Now if we are going to roast the lairds , and get some rights at last , do you think we can win our lease back from old Menzies do you think so , Angus ? Your lease , Sandy ? I thought you were a townser . , A townser ? Petitions against the Act from all the villages . Signatures in forty - nines to escape the Riot Act . Undertakings to be won from the lairds binding themselves to undertake nothing punitive against tenants seen at meetings . Cameron let him finish . Do you think it is enough ? Byers 's voice was low , even sulky . No we ca n't . So we need all help , all resources , everybody , if we are to win , and save ourselves . Cameron was speaking in a low - pitched , pressing whisper . And there is a thing that this wild part is very good for . What is Englishness , then ? I remember well , during the air - raids of the forties when I was in London and we waited as darkness came for the first sirens and the deep breath to get one 's courage up , that we felt we were part of the will of the capital of England . Knowing that if they break our will , they win . So it must not be . But this was different from Englishness . On the more favoured soil of America , where no medieval ruins bar the way , where history begins with the elements of modern bourgeois society as evolved in the seventeenth century , the working class passed through these two stages of development within ten months . Engels also believed in the myth of a new society which could be moulded in a sensible modern way , without feudal traditions or appendages . The Buddekes , however , were to win . Eleanor made notes on the differences between English and American workplaces and unions . Corporations , banks and trusts controlled a great deal and , although machines replaced workers more frequently in America , certain trades , Eleanor wrote , were 50 per cent more labour intensive than in England . Our game really is in danger of dying from too much of it . You cannot blame a brilliant young player who takes , say , the 200,000 he or she is offered , to play just for one night but it inevitably gives them a totally false impression of life and what their tennis priorities ought to be . But when you have a situation where youngsters of 12 or 13 and in some cases even younger who may only have won a couple of matches , are being offered 500,000 guarantees to sign up with one of the management companies before they are snapped up by one of the rival agents , the potential for long term damage is enormous . This year , in prize money alone , there is well over 100m available for professional players round the world , including team events such as The David Cup and The Federation Cup . And that is before you start taking into consideration commercial endorsements and appearance money which , at a conservative guess must add at least another 3040m . If you do not believe me , then listen to how Steffi Graf and Monica Seles let the cat out of the bag in Paris . First , Steffi admitted The women 's event does n't really start before the second week after most of the top seeds had advanced for no more than the loss of a few games . Then Monica , in apparently wanting the ITF to change the Olympic eligibility rules to suit top players who did not want to qualify by playing in the Federation Cup , said without Gabriela , Martina or I in the Olympics , they would n't really be the Olympics and Steffi could win the gold medal playing left - handed . Ouch ! ( Editor 's note : We would be interested to hear readers views on the WTA proposal to increase the numbers of seeds in Grand Slam tournaments ) The Martina money machine marches on but at 34 , and with career prize money of 16million plus to her name , the dollars are n't so important these days. It 's the titles that matter , and Martina , with 156 , has her fair share of them . In fact , by winning the Pilkington Glass Ladies ' title in June for the 10th time , she came to within one of Chris Evert 's record of 157 career titles . This latest victory at the sunswept and showery Eastbourne was probably one of her most satisfying , not least because she defeated a player in the final who herself , did everything but win . Arantxa Sanchez - Vicario positively demolished her opponents with a ruthlessness reminiscent of Navratilova 's great rival of the 1980 's , Chris Evert . The dual colour technique has resulted in a renowned piece of photography which has been translated into quality national press advertising . The print is framed black and gold . To have a chance of winning this superb prize , just answer the three questions below and send your answers in to arrive not later than 28th August . 1 From which country does the Ellesse brand originate ? Caroline is available from branches of Olivers and Freeman Hardy Willis , nationwide . Wilson Hammer competition winners The prize of five Wilson Hammer rackets to be won in the April issue of Tennis World understandably produced a large , imaginative entry . The answers to the questions were : The five lucky winners were : Brothers Triumph at Doncaster The fifth event on this year 's Reebok Grand Prix Circuit at Doncaster turned into a personal triumph for the Ingham family from Heywood , Lancs . Michael , the second of three tennis playing brothers , took the 21 and under title with a powerful 63 63 victory over Graham Hobbs ( Dorset ) : whilst younger brother Craig , fought back from one set down against James Lake ( Lincs ) to win the 12 and under title 46 62 61 . Beating the Ingham family monopoly was Michael Calvert ( Yorks ) who won the 16 's title 76 46 75 against a tiring Richard Stamp ( Lincs ) . In the girls ' event , Catherine Wittenberg ( Kent ) , consolidated her position as leader of the Reebok 12 and under Grand Prix table by reaching the final , but missed out on maximum points when she lost to Claire Sewell ( York ) 64 61 . Steffi Graf sailed through until Sanchez - Vicario whipped the rug from under her feet in the last four . So Seles triumphed alongside Courier . Two young athletes winning on the big stage and managing to enjoy every minute of the experience . No one can deny that professional tennis is going through one of those periods when a sure thing in the betting sense is a short cut to bankruptcy . Big Jim does it A. Smith was the only entrant to win two sections , with his beautiful parquetry box in the advanced , applied class Though many pieces caught my eye at Harrow , space limits my personal choice . Possibly due to my lack of marquetry expertise I was drawn towards the three veneer section , and E.J . Higgs Light Music ( left ) won third prize in the class . Perhaps it 's because you get to see more of the timber . However I was amazed by the quality of the exhibition as a whole , and can see that marquetarians are continuing to produce work of the highest standard . An Architectural Woodworkers carver ( below ) and a host of tools ( above right ) from R.A . Salman 's Dictionary of Woodworking Tools published by Unwin Hyman Carving Bearing up to reality Teddy Bears may not be the most active models , but their nuances of age make reproduction in wood a challenge , as George Brownlee discovered when he carved this award - winning piece . Eva Schweitzer reports The original Teddy , with the lime and mahogany taking shape Winner Dennis Hurst of Wigan Second Philip Wooller of North Allerton Third Alan Toplin of Basingstoke WE WOULD like to thank our sponsors , The Woodworks , for donating the prizes for this competition . Their range of carving and turning products can be found at The Field , Shipley , Heanor , Derby DE7 7JJ , ( 0773 ) 719842 . Tool extremes : Richard Meighan 's gouge and Alan Toplin 's Bosch drill which won third prize , and 100 of Kirchen carving tools The craft of cabinetmaking Board Games Letters to the Editor Letters would be welcome . Any contributions may be edited . Please write to : THE EDITOR , ACET NEWS , P.O . BOX 1323 , LONDON , W5 5TF . Area Profile EALING Taiwan In the April/May letter writing campaign , there was an error in the appeal on behalf of Taiwanese prisoner Huang Hua . As there is no Embassy of Taiwan in the UK , please do not copy any appeals to another embassy , as proposed on the letter writing page . We apologise sincerely for this clerical error , and regret the confusion and inconvenience it has caused . Indonesia In many of these countries the new respect for human rights was embodied in the repeal or revision of laws used to imprison prisoners of conscience . But there are still prisoners of conscience in Europe , and in every other region of the world . 39 of the prisoners featured in the letter writing campaign have been released ; about 50 remain in prison . None of these people should ever have been prisoners of conscience . Our task today is to increase the international pressure on behalf of the thousands of prisoners of conscience all over the world , to make tomorrow the day their freedom is restored . Tiao Sisoumang Sisaleumsak and Houmphanh Norasing , both detained since 1975 , are among 33 detainees still held in Laos ' northeastern province of Houa Phanh . Their living conditions are harsh with poor provision of housing , food and medicines . The South Korean authorities wrote to AI in response to its appeals for imprisoned artist Hong Song - dam and publisher Chang Ui - gyun . The authorities said that Hong Song - dam was not imprisoned merely for sending his paintings to North Korea and books to Koreans in Germany , but because his paintings and contributions to a magazine Art Movement were aimed at promoting a Marxist - Leninist revolution . In September 1990 the Supreme Court dismissed the charges of espionage and returned the case to a lower court . FREE IN EUROPE Bohdan Klymchak , USSR : pardoned and released November 1990 . He no longer wishes to emigrate and is planning to write his memoirs . Ismail Mehmedov Hyuseyinov , Bulgaria : released from exile , May 1989 . FREE IN THE AMERICAS Jailed since 1981 for advocating democracy Write to : Wang Xizhe , a factory worker from Guangzhou , was an activist in the pro - democracy movement in China who helped to write and put up a 100 - metre newspaper wall in his city in 1974 which attracted worldwide interest . He was arrested and jailed for two years in 1977 . In April 1981 he was again arrested for articles he had written in association with democracy activist Xu Wenli , tried in May 1982 and sent to prison . Yours respectfully and sincerely , ALISON HENDERSON . Your Excellency , I am writing as I 'm puzzled as to why you have released Kim Hyun - hui who planted a bomb on a plane and killed 115 people but have imprisoned a girl for taking part in a peace march . To me this is odd as if I were the president of South Korea I would have imprisoned Kim Hyun - hui and released Im Su Kyong as to me Kim Hyun - hui committed the more serious crime . I would like this to be explained to me as I just do n't understand it . Books and catalogues may contain criticism ; but their writers may think of themselves as art historians , philosophers , aestheticians , anthropologists , historians or biographers , and there are many other possibilities ; their books may never be identified as art criticism . As the following chapters will show , the useful and helpful functions of art criticism will receive preference in the choice of what is quoted or discussed . Is the text or part of the text written so that a reader will benefit in a future encounter with a work of art ? Some writing which is called art criticism will be helpful , some will not ; other writing will also be valuable , although whether it can be described as art criticism may be disputable . A REVEALING INSTANCE ART CRITICISM AND ART HISTORY Do art historians write about the past , while art critics write about the present ? Things are not so simple , as some art historians write well about the present , with a generosity of feeling and approach enriching to contemporary culture . They are capable of assessing modern art in its own terms , partly from experience gained through judging work of other periods within quite different terms . Meyer Schapiro , who had a specialist concern with Romanesque art , was an open - minded historian of this sort . By the 1850s the tradition had declined , so that Baudelaire was seeking to give new life to a decayed literary genre . He asserted that a modern artist should be in tune with his times , careful to avoid hackneyed subjects . Typically , a laudatory essay he wrote was called The Painter of Modern Life on the subject of the illustrator Constantin Guys ; this gifted if minor artist was accurately targeted by Baudelaire as being in the mainstream of contemporary social and political life . Guys ' drawings appeared in such papers as the Illustrated London News , a very successful venture begun in 1842 , the decade which also saw the founding of satirical journals like Punch or Kladderadatsch . The illustrated periodical was a phenomenon of a world which Baudelaire saw as reborn on Guys ' paper : Petrakov stressed that Gorbachev " hears arguments from many people . " You can make an argument that California is beginning to look like a Third World nation , " said Lewis H. Butler , president of California Tomorrow , a planning group that worries about the state 's future . The justice said if the jurors had accepted Rowe 's argument that there were no restrictions on his coming and going into the house , they may not have known that this was a reason to acquit him. The jury should have been told that " an unconditional right to enter a dwelling is a complete defense to the charge of burglary , " Scoville ruled . " Farmers , in its opening argument , urged Britt to assess Hoylake 's suitability to own an insurance company , as well as Axa - Midi 's , in case delays should develop in the plan for Hoylake to sell Farmers . Americans who look just at those numbers are n't likely to be impressed by the argument that those who serve in Congress must bear unusual expenses , including keeping two homes . Stanard said the only arguments that will be on the ballot will be one written by county Supervisor Mike Antonovich favoring construction of a monorail from Universal City to Warner Center , and an argument against all rail projects by Encino homeowner activist Gerald A. Silver . In denying the order , U.S. District Judge Alicemarie Stotler said she would hear further arguments in the case in two weeks . That same argument has been made in overlooking the abuses of the late Jomo Kenyatta and now Daniel Arap Moi in Kenya . When a maverick pack of distance runners challenged the amateur rules governing their sport , it took years of legal arguments to solve the issue . disagreements , argument , and debate often occur at the boundary between true and false A source said that during the Seattle game , Nicolau and Art Shell , the Hall of Fame - bound Davis favorite , got into an argument on the sideline and continued it later that week , with Nicolau saying to Shell , " Al owns you . Only in recent decades has concern with killingfetuses become the focal point of abortion arguments . The likely result , says Professor Anita Allen of Georgetown University Law Center , is that " the court will find arguments to place more restrictions on abortion . The dispute that led to the lawsuit began in 1986 , when arguments within the congregation began to disrupt church activities , the court decision states . Roger L. Stanard , a Warner Center attorney who is chairman of the Campaign for Valley Rail Transit , said his group went to court after learning that it would not be allowed to write a ballot argument supporting the option they support - - a 5.6 - mile extension of Metro Rail across the San Fernando Valley to the San Diego Freeway . Sometimes going to a restaurant causes arguments . The Supreme Court has accepted legal briefs but has yet to call for oral arguments in its review of Proposition 103 's constitutionality . William F. Deal , executive vice president of the International Bottled Water Assn. in Alexandria , Va. , said that the Perrier incident would strengthen his group 's argument that the FDA should establish its own standards for acceptable benzene levels in food and beverages . " SAMUEL S. SHERWIN Los Angeles Could the tragic end of the Landsat program ( " A Critical Orbiting Eye Will Fade From a Lack of Earthly Competence , " Opinion , Feb. 19 ) be any greater argument in favor of the need for a presidential science adviser ? Suspicion , Intrigue But as time progressed , suspicion and intrigue at church headquarters clouded the philosophical and financial arguments , and eventually two camps emerged . " But this bold and tantalizing suggestion is not further developed , and is undercut by much of Castaneda 's argument . So , the usual arguments against involuntary testing do not apply here . But Assistant U.S. Atty. Yesmin Saide , in pre - sentencing arguments , painted a far different portrait , calling Dierdorff a " greedy , ruthless , power - hungry man driven to fatten his own wallet " through a scheme of loan fraud and kickbacks . Meantime Thursday , arguments sharpened within the U.S. government over whether the February , 1988 , indictments of Noriega on drug trafficking , money laundering and racketeering charges were a " rush job " that could create future problems for the government . " As for the rule that every team must have All - Star representation , there is generally no argument about that . Underlying Missouri 's argument was its clearly stated position that " the life of each human being begins at conception . " That was very nice of Jan McKinzie to write that about herself , " Seave said during closing arguments . His conduct cannot be justified by the " button - pushing " argument ; if his buttons are that sensitive , he is unfit for patrol work . Weighing all arguments , some experts are straddling the fence . " Many Soviet officials had intervened this week with forceful arguments on holding the festival before Saikin relented , according to Soviet sources . After brief legal arguments , Judge Johnstone ruled that the monitors can be questioned about how closely they were watching radar and whether they had a duty to notify Hazelwood that his ship was approaching rocky Bligh Reef . The suspect was wanted in the Aug. 13 shooting death of Lanny Tapp during an argument that took place a few blocks from Saturday 's gun battle . Creative Arguments Expected Some lawyers , however , doubt that the judge 's warning will result in more productive out - of - court discussions but , instead , expect that it will spur more creative arguments by lawyers who want to convince the court that they are in compliance with the " meet and confer " rule , as it is known . This schedule would have put off arguments until the fall , with a decision coming after the November elections . Sometimes doing the housework causes arguments . The couple had a lengthy argument , Buscarino said . In his opening arguments last week in federal court in New York , Mr. Lang told the jury that Mr. Lorin was the " real master criminal " behind the stock manipulation , and that Mr. Laff knew nothing about it . Sometimes playing games causes arguments " Carter said he used that argument in telling Sandinista leaders that full coverage by the opposition of all 4,394 polling stations was in their interest . " I see no defensible argument to say that is adequate , " Rep. Augustus F. Hawkins ( D - Los Angeles ) said of Bush 's offer of an hourly minimum wage of $ 4.25 by 1992 . Olmert 's argument was partially undercut by Israel 's army chief of staff , Lt. Gen. Dan Shomron , who told a Parliament committee that there is no proof that Arafat 's faction in the PLO , Fatah , is carrying out attacks against Israel . ' " On the other hand , Gregg said : " The black reporter was very stern in her approach but became terser and quieter during the argument , in the white style . Under questioning by Glidden , Kimberly Giordano , her chin resting in her hand and her eyes cast downward , reluctantly corroborated some of her testimony from the preliminary hearing and the first trial : that shortly after the robbery attempt , during an argument , her husband told her that he shot the guard and described to her what had happened . In opening arguments at the trial Tuesday morning , Wilson 's lawyer , Frederick Harlow , told jurors that Vince , not Wilson , must bear the blame for the fact he is mostly paralyzed and has lost a leg . " Shmelev , who again called for bold government actions such as encouragement of private enterprise and extensive foreign borrowings to reverse the country 's downward economic spiral , dismissed arguments that the new presidency would be too powerful ; the proposed legislation contains guarantees against dictatorship , he said , and the Congress itself would remain the ultimate authority . " He wo n't get much of an argument there . Then , he offered the incredible argument that drug lords operate abundantly in Mexico because the Bush Administration has been so successful in chasing them out of Miami and elsewhere . With Jimmy Buffett , he keeps up a banter of jokes and a long - running argument over who is younger . To understand the event " Frank and Will are friends . Frank punched Will . " , it is important to know that Frank and Will had a severe disagreement or argument , and probably anger This renewal has quieted arguments by Huntington Beach wetlands property owners that their land is degraded beyond redemption . By afternoon , attorneys for Copley Press , television Channels 8 and 10 and the Oceanside Blade - Citizen newspaper had arrived in the courtroom to argue against the gag order , but Moon said he would not consider changing his mind until hearing more arguments by them at a 10 a.m. hearing today . I guess she won that argument . A Dallas newspaper recently reported that Daly and Dantley had an argument , though Daly denied it . McCormack , aware of all the arguments against his train , says his organization will make every effort to keep the valley exactly as it is . In South - Central Los Angeles , Robert Hughes , 18 , was killed , and a passenger in his car was wounded after an argument with suspected gang members who were in another car Saturday night , police said . " That argument does n't impress Orenyak , who does agree that " it 's an old building and requires some seismic retrofitting , and someday , he 'll have to do that . " Bubba Paris , 49er offensive tackle : " I would have a good argument for saying that this is the best team that 's ever been assembled . Stein said in closing arguments that Las Vegas Metro Police had seized upon Haupt as a scapegoat in the high - profile murder case . The case will go to the jury after closing arguments are completed and U.S. District Judge George W. White issues instructions on the law. Blue Shield of California has announced a $ 2 - a - month cut in its rates for so - called " Medigap " coverage carried by 60,000 elderly California customers to help them defray medical expenses not covered by Medicare . " Their argument was , we built the Zero , which was in its day the best fighter in the world . The CFTC may take those arguments into account by allowing exceptions to its restrictions . agreeing with someone is for ending an argument . On Thursday , Noriega 's attorney , Frank Rubino , sought to invoke those jurisdictional arguments , telling U.S. District Judge William M. Hoeveler in Miami that his client was " a head of state and immune from prosecution . And it leaves the dean of the Graduate School of Education whose most persuasive arguments in favor of moving UES have to do with finding other public sources to pay for its programs . According to court officials , the last time the Supreme Court set such a rare special session was in June , 1981 , when the justices heard arguments testing the legality of the Iran hostage deal . In " Democracy Without Citizens , " however , Duke University political science professor Robert Entman contributes some original criticism to the old debate , constructing arguments that will be more difficult to dismiss , for they avoid simplistically scapegoating politicians as cynical , media managers as greedy or readers and viewers as apathetic . Still , the arguments seem always the same . " But he cautioned that , based on the tapes alone , " I ca n't answer the final question - - whether these kids were molested or not. " The defense 's primary argument is that inept interviewers used suggestive questions and pressure to lead children to say - - and sometimes believe - - that they had been molested by teachers at the Manhattan Beach nursery school . The offer came just prior to arguments before the U.S. Supreme Court over whether the Free Press should be allowed to enter into a joint operating pact with Gannett Co. 's Detroit News . HUD declined to issue clearer regulations and put an end to the argument , partly for fear of offending the heavy - duty players involved and partly because it 's still digging out from last year 's huge influence - peddling scandal , according to sources familiar with the agency . It generates arguments with supervisors over uncomfortable questions - - who should get first dibs on OT , who should volunteer , or who should be volunteered on days when nobody wants to work the extra hours . " Avoiding a bitter environmental fight in the Pacific Northwest , the U.S. Supreme Court let stand Monday an appeals court ruling that threw out a key argument in lawsuits seeking to block harvesting of ancient forests . The NRC rejected Mr. Shannon 's argument that Public Service Co. of New Hampshire , which owns the largest share of Seabrook , and 11 other owners are financially unable to guarantee the plant 's safe operation . Civil liberties lawyer Burton Joseph said Grady 's language suggested that the judge believed " the argument is far from frivolous and merits serious consideration . But Thaxton left in place a preliminary injunction that allows Phoenix to continue operating without environmental controls at least until a March 2 , when he will hear arguments on whether to refer the fate of Phoenix back to the APCD for another round of time - consuming administrative hearings . " " Crime is not determined by race , " Shultz said , adding that this latest argument is " skirting the issue . Against this backdrop , the case for ignoring the Reagan agenda needs testing ; up close , the arguments do n't add up. Change in the Soviet Union . Midlam was not persuaded by that argument , and responded that BCE is taking a risk anyway by pressing forward with the development . Meanwhile , the last day to file ballot arguments for or against the incorporation of Laguna Hills is Monday at the registrar of voters office , 1300 - C , S. Grand Ave. , Santa Ana . The federal appeal , filed Monday , essentially relied on the same arguments that failed to persuade the state Supreme Court to spare Harris . In recent months there have been arguments that he has overstayed his welcome . A 30 - year - old Navy man apparently shot and wounded his 22 - year - old wife during an argument early Thursday and then killed himself , police said . Many terrestrial vertebrate animals have four limbs . Those attached to the thoracic portion of the body are called " arms . " The last thing you do when you get a chill is rub your arms . " Unlike Linder , who was reportedly carrying a Kalashnikov assault rifle for protection , APSNICA volunteers do not bear arms . a person does n't want to lose the use of her arms or legs . " Cites Verification He asserted that the United States is able to verify Soviet compliance with arms treaties " to an extent that I do n't think anyone had ever dreamed would have been possible , " largely because of the U.S. military personnel allowed to make inspections in the Soviet Union . The statement " a wristwatch is a portable clock " is true because sure it is used in your arms You are likely to find a rocking chair with arms in a museum A bad deal can cost an arm and a leg . But while top offi cials are talking , the exchange 's clearing arms are still largely in the dark about the financial risks their members may be exposed to in other markets . The United States began to complain about China 's arms sales overseas and to worry about China 's continuing support for the murderous Khmer Rouge in Cambodia . In the event " Fred is a conductor . Fred conducted the orchestra . " , something that changed was Fred waved his arms The White House is arguing that the new Soviet arms proposals should make it easier for lawmakers to approve funds for SDI because the Soviets have declared that the defense program wo n't stop a treaty from being completed . " Everybody raves about Everett 's strong arm , " Lott said . The first thing you do when you have a heart attack is feel pain in your arm An arm is part of a human Mr. Miller , 48 years old , developed his turnaround skills in the consumer electronics arms of RCA Corp. and General Electric Co. , and has moved quickly to revive Wang . He said that spending on arms and military technology would decrease by even more , by 19.5 % . " The U.S. policy of economic and diplomatic isolation of Vietnam since 1975 , he contends , has thrust Hanoi into the arms of Moscow and increased the Soviet presence in Southeast Asia . He also plays football , but a broken arm ended his season early . What Ferranti apparently did n't know was that some of Mr. Guerin 's arms transactions already were under criminal investigation in the U.S. , along with his close association with a now - defunct minority defense contractor . Geraldine Medrano pleaded guilty in San Fernando Superior Court Thursday to one count of attempted kidnaping for grabbing Eric Lukes from the arms of his mother , Diane Lukes , on Victory Boulevard in Sherman Oaks on June 15 . You are likely to find a kitten in a child 's arms An average human being has two arms . One early user is NEC Corp. 's U.S. printer marketing arm . picture description : an extended arm holding an artificial rubber chicken An arm is a limb You are likely to find a kitten in a little girl 's arms The former question the " verifiability " of a chemical - weapons treaty while the latter fear that it may take precedence over a treaty limiting strategic nuclear arms . Although it was not his throwing arm , the disability had impact . A squadron of police raided the home she rented in a San Salvador suburb and allegedly unearthed a huge arms cache containing more than 20,000 rounds of ammunition , grenades , explosives and bayonets . To understand the event " Fred gave Wilma a hug . " , it is important to know that A hug is putting both arms around another person or object . has two arms and two legs An investigation has found widespread plutonium - handling problems at the Rocky Flats nuclear - arms plant near Denver and has faulted the Energy Department and Rockwell International Corp. , which ran the facility , for " complacency " and " poor communication on safety matters . mary fell and broke her arm . They talk of taking up arms and fighting for freedom . pitcher throws with his right arm " The woman who is leaving on the President 's arm did that . " The board has not been advised of widespread abuse of the forms , " says Lawrence H. Mokhiber , executive secretary of the organization , an arm of the State Education Department . Pulled to Safety Kuredjian could not pull her up with his arms , so he made his way below the woman and coaxed her into dropping 5 feet , where he caught her and pulled her to safety . At one point , two officers twist a woman 's arm till she rises from the ground , her face wrenched in agony . One of the things you do when you set a cup on the table is move your arm . - Troops are checking the city 's sewers for hidden arms seized from police stations last year . Her father checked on the sleeping infant at 1 a.m. and found a 5 - foot snake wrapped around her neck and chewing on her arm . Gorbachev Was Silent In November , the Soviets announced that they were suspending their troop withdrawal because of the worsening military situation in Afghanistan , and they blamed increased rebel attacks and U.S. arms shipments to the insurgents . " Last year , there were only several big investors who were interested , " says Kinji Kato , a vice president at the international arm of Nomura Securities Co . Shevardnadze , who has made clear he wants to confer about a summit between Bush and Gorbachev , is expected to offer new arms - control proposals . To understand the event " Mary fell and broke her arm . " , it is important to know that People named Mary are usually females . Skidmore , Owings & Merrill was hired to come up with signs and graphics for the Solana complex , a development by Maguire Thomas Partners and the real estate arm of International Business Machines . To understand the event " Mary fell and broke her arm . " , it is important to know that Mary is a human name and human components may be injured due to violent impacts The report comes at a time when the General Accounting Office , the investigative arm of Congress , is preparing a final report on the effects of the reform law and its various provisions . In Vienna , NATO unveiled conventional arms - reduction proposals . " I think that development would give us the shot in the arm we need to put us over the top , " Petersen said . Mr. Casson has also accused some government officials involved in the granting of arms - export licenses . The four companies in the study winning Public Citizen 's endorsement were Radon Testing Corp. of America of Elmsford , N.Y. ; Teledyne Isotopes of Westwood , N.J. ; Key Technology of Jonestown , Pa. , and the Radon Project of Pittsburgh , Pa. Two Separate Tests Public Citizen 's consumer arm , known as Buyers Up , conducted the tests . Since 1967 , Italy has required Italian companies to gain governmental approval before entering negotiations for arms - export sales . At the far edge of the board stand the opposing king and queen ; just beyond that , an Everyman in suspenders ( presumably a player ) flings up his arms . However , information uncovered by the Iran - Contra investigation supported the allegation that he acted as an arms conduit and worked under orders of the CIA . If you want to stand up then you should use your arms for support You are likely to find an arm in a sleeve Nor are they part of the ongoing strategic arms reduction talks , which deal with intercontinental ballistic missiles , missiles launched by long - range submarines and aircraft , and long - range aircraft that carry nuclear bombs . The pact calls for the rebels to surrender their arms in exchange for the government giving land to peasants and providing more housing for the poor . If you want to dive then you should lean off a diving board with your arms and head pointed to the water and jump so your legs go up behind you . The president also lauded what he called the ascendancy of freedom around the world , and cited progress on U.S. and Soviet arms - control issues . The fact that the Soviets are tuned in to Mr. Gates underscores the important behind - the - scenes role he is assuming in the Bush administration - a role that is likely to grow as the administration heads toward a strategic - arms treaty and a superpower summit . people can throw things with their hands and arms Cerus , Mr. De Benedetti 's Paris - based holding company that serves as his international expansion arm , is expected to be the dominant shareholder in the new Hungarian venture . For example , we reported that the man into whose arms playwright David Henry Hwang jumped when he ran up to get the Tony award for " M. Butterfly " was his producer , David Geffen . " A woman arrested this year in Los Angeles said : " By the time they got my arms all the way back the pain was so intense I was just screaming . And he has the kind of arm that can get the ball to what he sees . From the bend at the waist of this pitcher it appears he puts his whole body into throwing the ball , not just his arm . Designed by architect Frank Gehry , it has all the features of the greats from the past : round , rolling arms , an ample back and a deep , roomy feeling . Millions of dollars in humanitarian aid from Washington probably makes them the best - fed and - clothed guerrillas in history.It 's easy for them to talk confidently about future victories after the arms start arriving again . " Mendez flops an arm across his bleeding chest . For three years after she returned to performing , the muscles in her arms ached , throbbing from wrist to shoulder . Sverdlovsk is a large gray cloud over glasnost and indeed over the legitimacy of the arms - control process itself . But U.S. officials complain that , while direct Soviet arms shipments may have been stopped , record amounts of Soviet - made weaponry continue to flow to Nicaragua through Cuba . " Waving his long thin arm across a courtyard where two other old cons fan themselves with folded magazines , he acknowledges , " It 's a strange thing , but I 'm still living by being here . I broke my arm . In this connection , arms - control director Gen. William F. Burns told me recently that the nearly completed START agreement will entail dismantling half of our existing nuclear submarines . James A. Baker III , President - elect Bush 's choice for secretary of state , told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Tuesday that the new Administration hopes to resume nuclear arms reduction talks with the Soviet Union this year without waiting for results from negotiations on conventional forces . If you lined up every serviceman who waved his arms for semaphore 's sake in the last 50 years and multiplied by 10 , would it equal half the arm - waving of the Miami Hurricanes ? Things that are often found together are : slats , wheels , back support , arm rests Something that might happen when you have a heart attack is minor pain in your chest , neck or left arm " Secretary of State Baker , in his first major arms - control speech , called for a new military relationship with Moscow to reduce " first strike " nuclear arms . In recent months , a string of cross - border mergers and joint ventures have reshaped the once - balkanized world of European arms manufacture . We can urge our national leaders to take the initiative in stopping the sale of " conventional " arms - - by the United States , the Soviet Union , France , Britain , Israel , Brazil , Czechoslovakia , Belgium , West Germany and others - - which drain the meager resources of already impoverished countries . In the event " Lucy fell and broke her arm . " , something that changed was Lucy got a cast put on her arm But after the speech , a senior Soviet arms - control official , Victor Karpov , said that Moscow would insist the U.S. stop producing chemical weapons before it would sign such an agreement with Washington . Northrop , under Jones , became the consummate international arms merchant , selling its F - 5 jet fighter to nations from Norway to Saudi Arabia . " Images linger from Wednesday 's Grant - North Hollywood high battle of the neighborhood rivals : Grant point guard JoJo Halberstadt , leaping about at midcourt , gleefully waving his arms after having fired a bullet - like pass to teammate Rene de la Hoya , who scored the game 's final - - and winning - - basket with five seconds left . Things that are often found together are : arm , cigarette , hand " The present regime has every opportunity to withstand , and in case the war goes on , the Soviet arms supplies will also be continued . Things that are often found together are : wrist , arm , hand , fingers , rubber chicken In remarks that will raise expectations for his first superpower summit , President Bush said there 's a " good likelihood " a strategic - arms treaty will be finished when he meets Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev next year . Sticking your hands and arms in other peoples faces is rude . I have never heard such a cacophony of small arms , pistols , assault rifles , AK - 47s and Uzis . His arm , contorted behind his back , finally snaps . " It cut my head , ripped my arm , slashed my jersey . Allies concerned about the deadline include the British , French and smaller NATO allies , some of whom do n't have adequate staffs to provide quick answers to the questions being raised by what generally are considered the most complex arms - control talks ever attempted . Quotebook Quarterback Boomer Esiason of the Cincinnati Bengals , who throws his passes left - handed : " Dan Marino has the greatest right arm in football . could n't put their down payment on a charge card because of possible conflicts with truth - in - lending and state disclosure laws over finance rates , says a spokesman for the GM finance arm . The conspiracy and theft charges dismissed today , however , focused on the central element of the scandal - - North 's role in the alleged illegal diversion to Nicaraguan Contra rebels of about $ 14 million in proceeds from the secret 1985 and 1986 U.S. arms sales to Iran . " My sense is that they certainly have their work cut out for them , and they 're taking steps to rectify the situation , " said Scott Sperling , a partner for Harvard University 's endowment arm , a Gibbons Green investor . Some dealers reported selling more Uzi , AK - 47 and AR - 15 assault arms in a few days than they had sold in all previous years combined . A left arm is part of a human Carter also got a piece , batting the ball into the arms of fellow receiver Mike Quick . " That Mr. Herbert 's rig sits in the shadow of the stadium attests to his status ; parking on Clemson football days , as well as access to hard - to - get season tickets , is as stratified as the decks of the QE II , with the best going to the oldest and most generous donors to IPTAY , the university 's athletics fund - raising arm . Having learned at least one lesson from his own experience , Nixon does not urge Bush to hunch his shoulders , thrust his arms above his head and make " V " signs with his fingers . He just has had some different arm problems . Girls have two arms each . For two years , he has been investigating illegal arms sales by Italian companies to Iraq 's archenemy , Iran . Dealers said news of a possible hostile bid for Jaguar by U.S. auto maker Ford Motor gave the market a much - needed shot in the arm even though the auto maker 's interest in the U.K. concern was n't viewed as a major surprise . This British banking and financial - services group 's investment - banking arm , Barclays de Zoete Wedd Group , announced the following appointments at its merchant - banking subsidiary Barclays de Zoete Wedd Ltd . picture description : Old fashioned scales . Two pans connected by chains to arms with a needle or pointer attached to that . Weights would be placed in one pan and an object in the other pan . When they balance the needle will point straight down. picture description : A woman is standing on a matress , holding her baby in her arms . The mother is wearing pink spandex and a black shirt . The baby is wearing a diaper . Both the mother and the baby have brown hair . Their 13 - month - old daughter , who was in her mother 's arms during the beating , was placed on a life - support system with head injuries . " Casolo has maintained that she did not know where the arms came from . While skateboarding during his freshman year , he attempted the move and fractured his arm in three places . The Hibor contract " solves quite a bit of the problem of interest - rate risk in the interbank market , " says Eric Cheng , a director of James Capel ( Far East ) Ltd. , the Hong Kong arm of the British brokerage firm . the arms of this clock appear to be made of material that glows in the dark Three other BNL staffers are accused by Mr. Casson of being accessories to illegal arms sales , while eight others are being investigated . Things that are often found together are : dart , arm , fingers , hand The statement " setting a cup on a table requires moving your arm . " is true because You hold a cup in your hand . The flow of American arms served essentially to prolong the violence and encourage South Africa to prolong its illegal hold on Namibia . Such bizarre incidents have helped inspire many myths , including these : Sleepwalkers extend their arms and drift along in a ghostly trance . " I came in as a maverick and I will go out as a maverick , " said O'Connor , who has established a reputation of opening City Hall to the common citizen while at the same time keeping the city 's business establishment and residential developers , two traditionally powerful interests , at arm 's length . The Soviets ' latest concessions on arms control are being hailed as positive steps that will help pave the way for a historic strategic - arms agreement . Hanson USA is the U.S. arm of Hanson PLC of London . He has a strong arm , quick release and soft touch . To understand the event " Frank and Will are friends . Frank punched Will . " , it is important to know that punching is done with one arm using the hand at the end formed into a fist If the machine - gun and small - arms fire on New Year 's Eve had happened 20 years ago in the city , there would have been mass arrests . " Although Sotheby 's points out that it is " an international organization " not specifically concerned with potential losses to American museums , others are up in arms : " Donations have always been the main source of increased museum collections , " says Edward H. Able Jr. , executive director of the American Association of Museums . The statement " human legs are usually stonger than arms " is true because Sometimes people do not know the answer to a question O'Meara , who was not wearing the proper protective clothing , was treated at a hospital after his face and arms were burned . " Officials with the Pennsylvania Judicial Inquiry and Review Board , the arm of the state that investigates judicial misconduct , counter that they had no inkling of anything amiss in Ebensburg . An arm can move in a variety of ways , directed by the brain . So far , neither the Bush administration nor arms - control experts in Congress seem moved by arguments that these problems may take more time to thrash out than President Bush has allowed . a wrist connects a hand to an arm The story " Contemplating " has the step " Jack was waiting on his bike with the diamond kites rolled under his arm . " Prior to being folded into J.P. Morgan Securities last year , the equities research staff was attached to J.P. Morgan Equities Inc. , Morgan 's former brokerage arm , where the staff prepared custom - tailored research and investment strategies for institutional clients . When you release your energy you do the following : 1 . shout , 2 . swear , 3 . make violent movements with arms and legs Sgt. Cavaiani returned a heavy barrage of small arms and hand grenade fire on the assaulting enemy force but was unable to slow them down. He ordered the remaining platoon members to attempt to escape while he provided them with cover fire . the reason why the sky turns colors is there are varied sized particles in the atmosphere that allow only certain wavelengths of light to come through and block the rest . The statement " lightning can strike a tall building during a thunderstorm " is true because Lightning is static electricity that builds up in the atmosphere . " In an atmosphere that more closely resembled a national political convention than a local rally , banners exhorted voters to " Remember Dr. King . So , we have the atmosphere in which we could promote such trends in the relations between our two countries . Many nearby residents make a point of going to Larchmont to shop or get a haircut simply because they enjoy its homey atmosphere . He likes the small - town atmosphere and the intimacy of the tournament , held indoors at the Racquet Club of Memphis . Over the course of their mission , the astronauts are scheduled to make as many as 300 separate observations of objects ranging from Comet Austin , which last week made its closest approach to Earth , to quasars at the edge of the universe - - and all at wavelengths that , because they are absorbed by the atmosphere , have rarely been studied by astronomers in the past . some bacteria can fix nitrogen directly from atmosphere Human activity , especially in the past century , has released staggering amounts of carbon dioxide and other gasses into the atmosphere . The key is to try to create an atmosphere of having a good time even if we have to work hard . Without question , the bridge would despoil the beautiful natural character of the gorge and its current sunbright atmosphere . " But to many Japanese it is precisely the international atmosphere that attracts them . In all probability , the complex interactions of atmosphere and ocean , combined with the centuries - long natural temperature fluctuation , so far have masked the added heating . The Earth 's atmosphere is a relatively thin shield . The election is being conducted in an atmosphere extraordinary even by the ascetic standards of the Myanmar government . In his Spartan Bitterfeld office , Councilman Fromman showed a visitor letters from various Western European environmental firms offering suggestions and aid for cleaning up the atmosphere . " We are talking about millions of people who have refrigerators stuffed with CFCs which will be exploded into the atmosphere when the fridges are thrown away , " one diplomat said . " In the lower atmosphere , if we breathe it in smog , ozone is a pollutant dangerous to our health . " The whole atmosphere is much more constructive and open , " she said . The deserted atmosphere was typical Wednesday at many of the San Fernando Valley 's high schools on the third day of the Los Angeles Unified School District teacher strike . " We must maintain that atmosphere . By trapping Earth 's heat in the upper atmosphere , carbon dioxide is thought to be responsible for half of the greenhouse effect , or global warming . And change at the top could create a new atmosphere of opportunity . The Massachusetts Institute of Technology professor said he thinks the planet will respond to the buildup of greenhouse gases by producing " negative feedbacks , " such as high , dry clouds , that will lift warmed air from the ground toward the upper atmosphere where its heat will radiate into space , counteracting a warming trend . Such rules " create an atmosphere of inferiority , isolation and intimidation based on national origin . Tokyo is taking on the atmosphere of a city under siege , with uniformed policemen posted in places they are rarely ever seen , like subway platforms and apartment block playgrounds . The Golden Lemon combines 18th - Century great - house atmosphere with 20th - Century chic , as overseen by Arthur Leaman , a former decorating editor of House & ; Garden magazine . In a musty room with the atmosphere of a disinterested high - school class , a group of about 20 buyers from Boston 's fish - processing plants are gathered to bid on the morning 's catch - - a load from about seven boats that have returned from a week out on Georges Bank , one of New England 's prime fishing areas . Criticism Over Chernobyl Soviet officials were criticized for not providing accurate or timely information after the April 26 , 1986 , explosion and fire at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant that sent a cloud of radiation into the atmosphere , contaminating crops and livestock in Europe . Even the " local , " which appears to be under the most pressure , has going for it such an extraordinary atmosphere of informality that many customers see it as an extension of their home , offering " an alternative to an evening in , " as the researchers put it , " rather than . Inside , the brick walls and wooden beams create a pleasant atmosphere , but the real attraction is the food . Space stations orbit the earth . They are above the atmosphere . The atmosphere is where all living things live . Above the atmosphere is called space . People need special vehicles to go into space . " I hope people will wear white clothes during the summer to reduce the violent atmosphere which will prevail then , " he writes . Inside , the atmosphere was calm as the three opening acts served up rap with varying degrees of effectiveness . The new atmosphere on Capitol Hill " is for real , " said Nunn , " because we 've got somebody in the White House now who 's listening to people in Congress and that makes a difference . The rest of the 1987 emissions , about 1,075 tons , or 43 % , were classified as " fugitive , " meaning they were released straight into the atmosphere through ventilation systems or evaporation . Before 1935 , there were no CFCs in the atmosphere . " The Iran - Contra committees concluded in November , 1987 , that while Reagan knew nothing of the diversion , he was responsible for creating an atmosphere at the White House that encouraged his aides to lie to Congress and to take the law into their own hands . Themes are contemporary - - parenting , gratuitous violence , commercialism , isolation - - but the smoky violet , purple , blood - red atmospheres , the shadowy afterimages and pockets of intense light give works the same transcendent feel of Ron Cooper 's light torsos . Warnick would rather have had the crowd up and dancing - - the Music Connection 's reputation was built on generating a lively atmosphere . " The camp 's congenial atmosphere probably was n't what White House drug czar William J. Bennett had in mind when he endorsed federal boot camps for drug offenders last month . Most traders and analysts agree that the atmosphere in Kabuto - cho - - Japan 's Wall Street - - is now one of resignation , not panic . In an atmosphere that seemed at times like a religious revival meeting , independent TV producer Thomas Reed said : " If you give us $ 25 million or $ 30 million , it means nothing because it 's not filtered back to the African - American community . But , in a country torn by guerrilla war and lacking a tradition of free elections , the contentious six - month campaign for Sunday 's election has surprised international observers and opposition parties by its relatively peaceful and open atmosphere . A teachers ' strike crippled the Los Angeles Unified School District Monday , with about two - thirds of its 32,000 teachers on picket lines and hundreds of thousands of students deserting campuses in an atmosphere of high emotion and confusion . Confronted with mounting evidence that the Earth faces an unprecedented environmental crisis , six more nations announced Sunday that they will sign an international accord to rid the atmosphere of ozone - destroying chemicals . " McDaniels , who visited UCLA and Washington and canceled a recruiting trip to UC Berkeley , said that at every school " I went there was a nice family atmosphere . Another common home pollutant is lead , most commonly found in paint , and released into the atmosphere by burning or sanding . The goal of his organization , he said , is to " foster an atmosphere in which we can help American Indians work toward economic and social self - sufficiency . Today , in an atmosphere where individual countries are desperately trying to close their doors to more outsiders , " the foreigners issue " has complicated European Community efforts to dismantle by 1992 the checkpoints on borders dividing its member nations . The spaceship became very hot during reentry into earth 's atmosphere . The last time the NCAA took such a look at the Rebels , Tarkanian wound up taking the NCAA to court , and the atmosphere surrounding the current investigation is much as it was 13 years ago. UNLV officials , Tarkanian included , say they are committed to cooperating with the NCAA . This year , however , retail activist Peter Glen 's opening seminar undercut the party atmosphere . The ceremony began in an atmosphere of festivity , as supporters of both the outgoing Sandinista government and Chamorro arrived wearing T - shirts and carrying flags in the colors of their parties . " At 28 , after seven seasons on the Dodger shuttle , always on trial , first as a reliever and then a starter , Howell is getting his chance in an atmosphere relatively free of pressure , though not of expectations . and we call on the City Council to reconsider its denial in an atmosphere free of prejudiced comments , " the statement continued . " It 's more like a family atmosphere . " Several scientists voice their theories about the possible effects of carbon dioxide and other fossil - fuel wastes in the atmosphere : The overall temperature of the earth might go up , or maybe just temperatures in certain areas ; the sea level could rise ; there may be heavy crop damage , starvation , etc. " Hot Enough for You ? Yet the United States has no plans to fire probes into the Venusian atmosphere to find out what went wrong there - - knowledge that might bear directly on the terrestrial greenhouse debate . " Now , in an atmosphere of calm , Hill had stepped out to welcome a newcomer to the block - - federal drug czar William J. Bennett , making one of his first stops on a three - day visit to Southern California . A Soviet satellite booster rocket re - entered the atmosphere over the U.S. - Canadian border with no sign that any debris reached the ground , the State Department said Friday . Ofek 1 burned up in the atmosphere four months later . A.It 's starting to get more recognition as developers and various citizens realize the importance of going back to a desert - like atmosphere . The rocket that launched a $ 157 - million communications satellite but failed to put it in the proper orbit burned up harmlessly in the atmosphere or fell into the ocean , authorities said Thursday . So we decided to persuade people to spend money here by creating a quaint , market - like atmosphere with specialty - type retail stores . " We could probably reduce the 6.5 tons of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere every year just by using a house that 's been insulated wisely . Martial law and the pass laws are beginning to psychologically scar Tibetan children and add to the general atmosphere of fear and repression . The stadium seats 60,000 ( some other playing fields in the league hold only 12,000 ) but there is a homey atmosphere , with many seats close to the action . But there , customers will not be encouraged to linger and the atmosphere will be decidedly contemporary . Also , breakfast in the room helps create a relaxing , homelike atmosphere . Jewish leaders , including Nobel peace laureate Elie Wiesel , who left a dinner party opening the Cannes film festival to visit the Carpentras cemetery Friday , said the attack reflected a growing atmosphere of intolerance in France . But Gorbachev obviously has lightened the atmosphere . You are likely to find very little oxygen in the atmosphere on Mars When he was traded 2 1\2 years ago it was a tossup as to who benefitted the most - - Flanagan , for escaping from a losing atmosphere ; the Orioles , for unloading a hefty salary and making room for a younger player ; or the Toronto Blue Jays , for bringing a quiet leader into a clubhouse noted for turmoil . jupiter has a poisonous atmosphere To understand the event " Snow drifted to the ground . The ground was already covered with snow . " , it is important to know that Snow is formed when the atmosphere is cold enough to turn the moisture in the air to ice crystals . People do n't want too much sulfur and freon in the atmosphere . Though it was n't artistic , the game had the atmosphere of a playoff after Pepperdine 's 104 - 79 victory Wednesday . " Getting pushed and jostled is part of the atmosphere , " said student Steven Collins , 19 , with a shrug . " We like to reach into different areas and have different programs to have community involvement and give it a festival atmosphere , " Yusko said . But then a spell of cold winters ensued , scientists dropped the topic and the world happily went about pumping additional billions of tons of CO2into the atmosphere for two more decades . Nor has any other painter better captured on canvas the subtleties of light and atmosphere , the elusiveness of passing time , or the illusiveness of the art of painting . The Administration also intends the program to be a message to Third World countries where the massive destruction of forests makes a substantial contribution to the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere . But after a few months she changed the name back to mother 's macaroons , not only to feature her star item but also to convey the cozy atmosphere and down - home quality that is attracting an increasingly loyal following to her bakery . He who controls the microphone controls the atmosphere , and the stadium parking lot for these 2 days is simply an expanded version of Scott McNeal 's driveway . The group 's intellectual post - punk sound - - heavy on atmosphere , texture and internal conflicts - - was acclaimed by critics , but pretty much ignored by the public , except in their native England , where they enjoyed sporadic success . " In the first demonstration , Howard Lewin , a Manhattan Beach woodworker , had the audience practically eating wood shavings out of his hand as he turned out a walnut bowl and vase on his high - speed lathe . Stephens , 59 , told his audience at the Capitol in Helena that he assumed the job of chief executive with a " deep sense of responsibility . In one example , a parody of the game show " Jeopardy " called " Yuppardy , " the audience suggests the trivia categories . " As the audience broke into laughter , Annunzio had the last word : " Obviously , they all knew the answer anyway , " he said with a flourish . " Phil spends a long time warming up the audience , saying things like : " A lot of good - looking women in the audience tonight , " " I really enjoy being here at Sammy 's , " " Give yourselves a hand " and " There 's a lot of good - looking men in the audience tonight , too . The young male audience that was drawn to the promotion - which is still going on - boosted Jack Daniel 's sales from about 170,000 cases then to 3.4 million cases by 1988 . When the group gets rolling , it brings the music - - and the audience - - to life . If this were a movie ( and the specificity of some of the locations does seem like a hopeful hint to any producers who might pick up the book ) , the audience would likely cheer the hero 's epiphany . " Nature became my companion , " the artist , who now lives in Los Angeles , told a captivated audience at the Laguna Art Museum on Thursday morning . In any case , neither the publisher nor the audience - - the book - buying public - - has the attention span to finish a whole novel let alone follow a whole career . Comments from the audience reflected widespread , if wistful , agreement with those conclusions . Although Hippocrates has won two National Magazine awards in two years , the name has generally been a difficult sell to a wide consumer audience . playing a harp is for entertaining an audience In the event " Fred is a conductor . Fred conducted the orchestra . " , something that changed was The audience applauded and shouted " bravo " when Fred stopped waving his hands around . The statement " Domestic shortwave stations are usually of lower power than international stations , and generally use omnidirectional aerials in order to reach local or national audiences . " helps answer the question " How do domestic shortwave radio stations operate ? " Many in the audience wore Giants colors and displayed placards in favor of moving the National League champions to Santa Clara , about 30 miles south of San Francisco . Over the last five years it has increased its audience size as well as its subscription base . You are likely to find an audience in a theatre Things that are often found together are : referee , basketball , audience , players " To me , it 's important to be sensitive to the general audience . When the Dance Gallery brought William Forsythe 's Frankfurt Ballet to Los Angeles last June , Lewitzky heard that certain audience members were puzzled by the rock 'n ' roll , street - style , balletic idiosyncrasies . To understand the event " The audience watched the movie . " , it is important to know that An audience is a group of people who experience a planned event . spotlights are used to put the focus of an audience member on one performer 2 . The audience was very large and the auditorium was very big . He is discovered hunting and pecking at the typewriter , slugging amiable mouthfuls of stout , turning to the audience as though it were another patron of McDaid 's approaching him. Kavanagh , as Behan , grabs at the opportunity . The story " Going To A Concert " has the step " It was silent in the hall while the audience realized the piece was over " " There were chuckles from the judge , the court audience and even Baruch - - though many in the courtroom did n't seem quite sure whether to take the prosecutor 's remark seriously . The Rev. Duane Tellinghuisen asked the audience to look at the picture and keep Mary in their memories . It scored higher than any other among test audiences , and the network chose it to lead off its key Monday night comedy lineup . Something you need to do before you illustrate a point is get the audience 's attention . The audience is simultaneously moved by the Johanna theme and horrified and amused by the murders . On a physical level , it allows the audience to see , through Artenstein 's selection of camera angles and deft editing , the brujo up close and personal . " Of course , audience members will connect with some of Cotter 's bits and anecdotes more than others , depending on the experiences and recollections they bring to the proceedings . It 's no problem for the how - to writer who knows he has a captive audience : People will slog through hundreds of incomprehensible pages if they think there 's a profit in it . But if the aim of singer and audience was to recreate the tumult of the good old days of punk , they pretty much succeeded . After the performance , audience members will be encouraged to chat with artists about how they cook up their pieces . " " No speaker affected the audience as much as Karski , " recalls Wiesel , " He received an ovation . Meanwhile , he had several small roles in postwar films before being introduced to American audiences in " Private 's Progress " ( 1956 ) . ( Distributor pending ) " Rorret " - - Let 's hope this idea does n't catch on : A murderous movie theater owner selects his victims from the audiences that attend his screenings of horror films . Its performance at the Palace had all the trappings of an " event , " with an overflow audience and the usual gaggle of celebrities . " Anhalt moderated the Silliphant reading , and Silliphant said there was the usual 10 or 15 minutes of praise before the audience began listing the script 's faults . It had been a singular statement for a fresh picnic wine and was clearly better than most White Zinfandels on the market and aimed at a similar audience . He 's put a fresh spin on material that could come off terribly cliched ; for example , the way Susie wows an audience the first time she sings with the Baker Boys . On a visit there he wowed a dinner audience of 250 Japanese businessmen by warbling the number . The promotion , which the media company discussed late last week , will take advertiser tie - ins to extremes - becoming perhaps the brashest , most blatant attempt yet by a magazine to custom - make a demographically correct audience for its advertisers . Tex Avery might make a character 's eyes swell to the size of searchlights , or fly across the room to ogle a pretty girl ; Jones would have the character glance quickly at the audience or flicker an eyebrow . And , if still conscious at the evening 's end , you notice something else : The audience , at first entranced and hypnotized by the music , releases its pent - up feelings in collective gratitude . " Much of his work will be satisfying the audiences of the Sherwood Auditorium series , the society 's original and most successful series offering . Rohrabacher , who had been rapped by several others in the audience for seeking to outlaw abortion , snapped : " If the majority of people in my district , even by a great majority , believe that I should kill a baby , I would say that we should not make it legal . But it 's interesting to see nearly identical humor in slightly earlier films that were made by blacks for specifically black audiences , possibly testimony to the limits on black freedom or the black self - image . SCR also brought us an urgent revival of " The Crucible , " directed by Martin Benson - - one of those shows where the audience gasps even when it knows what 's coming next . The solution is not to lengthen the season and play more games before national television audiences . What 's significant about the " Star Trek " role for Seago - - aside from the exposure , his biggest audience yet - - is that " I started the idea from scratch , " he said , crediting his wife with the inspiration . " Vivid " has been struggling to find an audience since April . She 's a strange hybrid , and perhaps her success with today 's conservative - leaning audiences is that she soothes sensibilities ruffled by the strides of liberation . If this version , with its references to Steven Spielberg , Spago and " thirtysomething " attracts younger audiences who might stay away from the classical version , then Messrs. Bartlett and Falls are justified in abandoning Mr. Wilbur . an audience can crowd around a singer Perez says he is eager to know " who my audience is , " and what they make of his change . To understand the event " The audience watched the movie . " , it is important to know that Movies are projected onto large movie screens . The youthful audience for Saturday programming is no longer dependent on the networks . " Exposing Soviet audiences to the aesthetics of modern dance - - a genre as ethnically American as ballet is Russian - - was one of the major purposes of a recent and remarkable double tour by San Francisco 's most prominent modern dance groups , the Margaret Jenkins Dance Company and Brenda Way 's ODC\San Francisco . " Actually , she took it a step further , getting comic mileage by grabbing at male targets in the audience . During a question - and - answer period , members of the audience , which included mayors and council members from many Orange County cities , pointed out that rail transit is a popular concept these days because of near - paralysis on the freeways . Although it would be costly to shoot multiple versions , TV programmers could let audiences vote on different endings for a movie . I 've always thought the magic of theater is not what happens on stage , but what happens in the audience . In the event " Joe sang in the choir . Joe 's music was heard by the audience . " , something that changed was The audience applauded afterward . That 's not a studio audience out there . About two - thirds of the material is set , Kerr said , with the remainder improvised according to audience suggestions . Ratings reflect the percentage of the listening audience over 12 years old who tuned in during a given 15 - minute period . " According to opera board president Esther Burnham , when Campbell was hired in 1983 , the board 's major concerns were restoring the opera 's audience base , which had declined in the early 1980s , and retiring the company 's then unpublicized $ 750,000 deficit . Managers and presenters insist that chamber music concerts are a hard sell , but can audiences really enjoy them only if the music is purged of threatening elements , served up in bite - sized morsels and accompanied by visuals ? American Indian Dance Theatre : After transfixing audiences from Tucson to Tokyo , this ensemble of Native American dancers , musicians and singers makes its Manhattan debut with a two - week engagement at the Joyce Theater . " We were getting coupons dispensed with money to a captive audience , " many of whom used the bank 's ATMs in Kroger supermarkets , says Mr. Fall . " We thought the audience interest in question - and - answer shows was being underserved , " says Jamie Bennett , senior vice president at Buena Vista Television , which will distribute the program . " Although CBS had no comment on the sidelining of " Teddy Z , " creator and executive producer Hugh Wilson ( " Frank 's Place , " " WKRP in Cincinnati " ) said Tuesday that if the six remaining episodes fail to draw larger audiences in a later time slot , it will be canceled . Sometimes going on the stage causes an audience to applaud The audience watched the movie . But on the other hand , I think he 'll bring another audience to late night - - his daytime viewers . They drew larger audiences , and at $ 8 per person , helped defray some expenses . The author spares neither his audience nor himself : He was clearly an incorrigible thug as a youth , but his pain is so overwhelming that the reader longs to comfort him rather than discipline him. Wolff 's vigorous , straightforward prose makes " This Boy 's Life " a darkly memorable book . All shortwave stations broadcasting to world audiences state time in UTC . " Despite limited radio air play - - in Los Angeles , only Spanish - language station KLVE - FM ( 107.5 ) has begun playing some of the biggest acts - - many of those in the audience are familiar with the music , having heard it in the countries they emigrated from or about it from friends and relatives in Latin America . " At Home With Martha Stewart - Christmas " will air three times on the Lifetime cable channel , which has a heavily female audience . But top sports events are still a strong bet to lure audiences 30 % or 40 % larger than those CBS usually gets . With total assets of 46.61 trillion yen ( $ 318 billion ) , Mitsubishi Bank is two - thirds bigger than America 's biggest bank , Citicorp . He notes that , considering bank documents and customer forms , certain BankAmerica real estate loans require 98 different pieces of paper . Troubled debtors now negotiate settlements with these bank advisory committees , which typically include about 15 creditor banks . Volunteers are harvesting hurricane - felled trees on the river bank and floating them downriver to the mill , where they will be used to rebuild homes . In addition to real estate and internal controls , they will study risk review , strategic planning and reserves , the bank said . At the start of 1989 , the center had $ 104,000 in the bank . The federal funds rate , the interest on overnight loans between banks , was quoted at 8 3\8 % , down from 8 1\2 % late Tuesday . Beginning in 1991 , East Coast banks will be allowed to buy California banks . " It has n't prevented a revival of the urge to merge among other Japanese banks . picture description : An outdoor scene , showing a leaf - covered road , going into a forest . Trees on the left side cast shadows across the road and up the bank on the right side . .It is very green and gold . Henry Devine , 37 years old , was named a director of the U.S. unit of this investment bank . Milligan 's bank , which serves consumer and business , is twice VCNB 's size , with $ 582 million in assets . The federal funds rate , the interest on overnight loans between banks , was quoted at 8 3\16 % , up from 8 1\16 % late Friday . That speculation , which has n't drawn a comment from the bank , has pushed up the price 8 % in the past month and may continue to offset any bad news about Mr. Bond , the analysts said . " Frontier is a small bank ( $ 70 million in assets ) that had loaned out 52 % of its deposits , compared to 85 % at VCNB . Amid a generally robust climate for bank startups , an East Los Angeles group has shelved plans to open California 's fifth Latino - owned bank after failing to raise enough funds for the widely publicized , grass - roots venture . West Germany and France have , respectively , 10 and eight banks on the list . Rothschild collected a $ 400,000 brokering fee , according to copies of checks and bank wire transfers . During the past few months , Venezuela has fallen more than $ 700 million behind on interest payments to its commercial - bank creditors . Thieves can case the bank . 'A Landmark Year ' Like most other big banks , Security Pacific benefited from back - interest payments from Brazil , which contributed $ 58 million to its income in the quarter . But the clout that BankAmerica once enjoyed worldwide has diminished from the days when it was the nation 's largest bank . At least eight European banks joined the Fed and the Bank of Canada in intervention through the European and early U.S. day . " I think they let the banks do a lot for a long time and finally said no . Meanwhile , the number of Latino - owned banks nationwide grew to 34 as of September , 1989 , from 27 a year earlier , according to the Federal Reserve Board . " Other banks approved for space in the Irish project include Citicorp and Chase Manhattan in New York , West Germany 's Dresdner Bank and Japan 's Sumitomo Bank . Foreign investment banks became more aggressive , the government granted commercial - bank licenses to 16 foreign banks , and domestic banks moved to defend their respective market shares . Then there is the rising dissatisfaction of private banks . The settlement allows the mortgage bank to reopen its U.S. offices after it submits a compliance plan to the Fed . But Campeau said it still needed its banks ' approval of the loan 's terms and conditions , which include postponing the due date of an $ 800 million loan to April from January . Now he 's searching for other banks to buy , but he noted that much of VCNB 's growth is internally generated . " What we 're saying is there is a different and better way , " said Edison research manager Geoff R. Bales as he stood before a bank of energy - efficient light bulbs . Besides , with its huge capital base , the bank could grow substantially . Things that are often found together are : ears , nose , Pig , eye , bank Some Caution Abroad But the new central - bank dollar selling has sown new caution into the foreign exchange market , keeping a lid on the dollar 's upside potential , dealers said . Q : A number of major banks have just made large increases to their reserves against developing - country debt . " We 're in an era where Japanese can drive Cadillacs , wear Celine ties and Austin Reed suits , " says Hisaya Nara , the bank 's deputy president . Some banks offer credit accounts with preapproved credit . Today , Sumitomo Bank , Mitsubishi Bank and Sanwa Bank are among the top 10 banks in the state . Every Thursday , when the Court of Directors meets in the elegant chambers of the bank , the gatekeepers don red capes and coned hats and carry black bamboo staffs . They credited their protests , which included early morning picketing outside of the bank 's Los Angeles headquarters , with forcing the bank to close some branches early in minority communities such as South - Central Los Angeles . Bankers are excited that the census will for the first time ask about second mortgages , one of the hottest areas of bank lending . " The issuing bank cited on the fraudulent checks was Mission Valley Bank of San Clemente . Money in the bank can gain interest . The move is part of San Francisco - based Wells Fargo 's strategy of acquiring smaller banks with strong market shares in desirable consumer markets . About 30 banks , led by Baring Bros. and National Westminster Bank PLC , were involved in the talks . a person deposits a check into the bank Another way to say " Someone can borrow money from a bank " is " If someone needs money , the bank will lend it to them . " Lawyers acting for U.S. noteholders told the Victorian Supreme Court hearing the dispute between Bond and the banks that they may wish to join the case . contains your checkbook and other bank related items The federal funds rate , the interest on overnight loans between banks , was quoted at 8.125 % , down from 8.215 % late Thursday . Negotiable , bank - backed business credit instruments typically financing an import order . " It was clear this bank had been the bank to which Noriega had referred drug traffickers , " Blum said . to rob a bank The Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. adopted its proposed " entrance " fee for savings and loan associations that want to convert to banks and be covered by the corporation 's Bank Insurance Fund . " It would be unfair to target banks to pay the cost of rescuing their competitors , the S& ; L industry , " Seidman said . A Chicago bank that was the government 's biggest target of racial and sexual discrimination charges has agreed to pay $ 14 million in back pay , the largest such settlement ever obtained by the federal government , the Labor Department said today . Jackson and two other former drug agency agents , Darnell Garcia , 41 , and Wayne Countryman , 45 , were indicted by a federal grand jury in December on charges of conspiring to evade Internal Revenue Services taxes by laundering more than $ 600,000 through foreign banks . While most foreign banks are gambling that tourism will pick up and are working to reschedule their loans , some bankers are hardening their approach . Some analysts fear that Wall Street firms may be lured into making bridge loans that are too risky by the prospect of generating big fees that will help pump up the investment banks ' own earnings . Banks , by contrast , pay an annual fee of 83 cents for every $ 1,000 into the federal insurance that guarantees bank deposits of up to $ 100,000 . Last November , a group of civil rights leaders accused Wells Fargo of failing to follow equal opportunity employment and lending practices , asking regulators to block the San Francisco bank 's proposed acquisition of American National Bank . Yesterday , however , the banks said that technical problems , especially regarding " legal and tax matters , " and differing ideas on how the integration would work , led to the decision to cease merger plans . " When we realized that Security Pacific stood alone among banks , we thought they should be the focus of a protest , " said Susan Anderson of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference of Greater Los Angeles . Under the accord , banks can choose to make new loans and take no charge against reserves or to swap their loans for bonds that carry either a 35 % discount in face value from the loan amount or a below - market 6.25 % interest rate . Police said the suspect entered the bank , told a teller that he had a handgun and demanded money . Stern said that Barbouti organized the movement of supplies to Libya through the Frankfurt office and that the operation involved about 30 West German companies , several Austrian engineers and Swiss banks . A person can borrow money from a bank Japanese banks are set to resume lending discreetly to China with the blessing of Japan 's Ministry of Finance , banking sources said Monday . Giles had been the bank 's chairman in 1985 and 1986 , before resigning to handle a trial for Millard and then engineering the sale of Millard 's Computerland stock . " Alpha was pitched as the " first step in simplified banking " - one - stop shopping for bank customers . In the Form 20 - F the bank had to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission , Mitsubishi Bank became the first Japanese bank to explain its accounts in U.S. terms , but analysts said the filing contained no real surprises . The federal funds rate , the interest on overnight loans between banks , traded at 9.37 % , down from 9.62 % late Tuesday . The statement " If you want to pay by check then you should get checks from your bank or credit union " is true because Banks and credit unions allow you to set up checking accounts . Regrettably , one of the most important banks in the city , Security Pacific , has decided to stay open for business on this day . During the insurance initiative campaign that led to the passage of Proposition 103 , supporters of the provision allowing banks into the insurance business contended that the step will increase competition and lower insurance prices . To understand the event " John robbed a bank John was arrested " , it is important to know that It is against the law to steal money from a bank . In addition , the shareholders ' report noted that in July of last year , Podesta sold 29,996 of his bank shares to the bank 's Employee Stock Ownership Plan for a total of $ 314,558 , or $ 10.50 per share . Some of the people this society rewards and looks up to have been CPAs , lawyers , managers of our banks , managers of the S&Ls , investment bankers and managers of brokerage houses . After an examination of the other powers offered banks under state law , the parent decided the state charter still had " strategic value " that was n't available elsewhere , Koury said . The average of interbank offered rates for dollar deposits in the London market based on quotations at five major banks . Heinrich Ott , one of seven Swiss Parliament members meeting with Romanian officials , said there were reports that the executed Communist dictator had deposited $ 400 million in gold in Swiss banks before his ouster Dec. 22 . Total loans of some major banks swelled to 30 times their capital . We see ourselves as a major international bank . Citicorp then syndicated most of that bridge loan to other banks . BankAmerica 's problems went beyond those loans : Key executives left amid turmoil , morale was low , the bank suffered an embarrassing mortgage scandal , and its stock was battered on Wall Street . KKR has been so eager to have Japanese banks chip in that KKR partner Henry Kravis met representatives of Japanese banks in Tokyo last month . The Bundesbank 's central - bank council will meet on Oct. 5 , and speculation has intensified that the council wo n't delay an expected rate increase any more . Among banks , all of the top eight are Japanese . " It 's not a pleasant thing , " said bank President Lance Oak , who said he has attended hundreds of events aboard the ship , including a Christmas party put on by the bank . The former owner of the Central National Bank of New York and one of his employees were indicted on charges that they defrauded the defunct bank of more than $ 35 million , the U.S. Attorney 's Office in Manhattan said . Citicorp Chairman John S. Reed said last week that his bank has no plans to increase reserves from its 29 % level . If we are going to compete with foreigners , our banks have to show good profits , do n't they ? As financial markets become more deregulated and banks undertake riskier ventures for which they have no historical experience , the stability of the financial system is more dependent than ever on sound bank examinations . To help fight that image , large California banks such as Security Pacific recently formed a coalition to provide $ 100 million in loans to developers who build affordable housing . Eugene Lasko , 56 , was only a minor defendant in the case that resulted in the conviction of 12 men on securities fraud , mail fraud and bank fraud charges after federal investigators learned that the Reseda - based ZZZZ Best was generating most its revenues through fraud . BANKS : Most banks and savings and loan institutions . For the period that ended Sept. 30 , only two county banks - - Laguna Bank in Laguna Beach and American Interstate Bank in Newport Beach - - lost money . He owns 14.4 % of the bank 's stock ; together , he and Moller own 32 % of the Bank of San Pedro . The federal funds rate , the interest on overnight loans between banks , was quoted at midday at 9 3\16 % , unchanged from late Thursday . Now the bank wants to plant the seeds of its success in Tokyo by opening a retail office here in November . Besides , the establishment of new loan - loss reserves in Japan is tightly controlled by the powerful Ministry of Finance , which has kept such reserves to 15 % of banks ' exposure and is n't likely to significantly raise them . The reason is that many in Italy fear that if banks such as BNL were privatized , the only ones with enough money to buy them would be the big industrial groups , which already dominate much of Italy 's economic landscape . The statement " a bank card is a card issued by a bank " is true because Banks issure bank cards so that people will have conveniance and so that the banks can charge a fee for that conveniance . In Britain , prices of government bonds plummeted , and money market rates rose on speculation that the government may face mounting market pressure to push bank lending rates higher . Another way to say " a person can borrow money from a bank " is " banks lend money . " " Bentsen began building his empire when he talked a bank into lending him $ 500 and bought his first acreage for the then - unheard of sum of $ 7 an acre . Brandishing a gun , Harris forced the boys to drive to a fire road at Miramar Reservoir , where he shot them and stole their car for use in a bank robbery . " The move leaves Citicorp , BankAmerica Corp. and Chemical Banking Corp. as the only major banks with reserves below 30 % of their medium - and long - term exposure to lesser - developed countries . To understand the event " The river flooded . " , it is important to know that A flood is when a river runs over its banks . An ROA shows how profitably a bank uses assets at its disposal . One subsidiary , for example , buys assets - - usually packages of loans - - from banks and S& ; Ls that need cash and sells those assets to other financial institutions looking for investments . Jobs at trust companies , law firms , banks and the like are being added by the score . The banks often cut the prime when this " spread " reaches 1.5 percentage points ; since early November , it has intermittently exceeded 2 points . ORANGE COUNTY BANK SCOREBOARD Asset and net income figures for Orange County banks as of Sept. 30 , 1989 , show that banks earned more in the first nine months than in the entire previous year . " You have to use reverse - reverse psychology to figure this thing out , " said a foreign - exchange manager with a major U.S. bank . The bank will also invest as much as $ 100 million in a leveraged buy - out fund established by Clayton & Dubilier . Dealers said trading activity was reduced due to the Martin Luther King Day holiday in the United States and a national holiday in Japan , both of which closed banks - - the biggest players in the world foreign - exchange market . He noted that about half the states have permitted banks to sell at least some insurance beyond credit insurance ( to protect mortgages or credit cards ) and that from 1919 to 1976 , state chartered banks in California were authorized to sell insurance in towns of 5,000 population or less , although to his knowledge none did . Pick a bank line , any bank line : half the people on it are muttering about switching banks and half are muttering that this is the bank they switched to . Even if it is not bought right away , VCNB must grow to survive in the early 1990s after banks from the East Coast and elsewhere set up shop here . You are likely to find a bank in a financial center Police cars hustling to the spot found it , all right , says Sgt. Ron Hanson of the bank robbery section . First Interstate 's move comes at a critical point for the nation 's 10th - largest banking firm. It follows two years of turmoil that included big losses stemming from soft real estate values in Arizona and an ill - fated 1988 acquisition of a Texas bank . It was not immediately clear how many current or former bank employees would share the award . Something that might happen when you buy a house is monthly house payments must be made on time to the bank After the name change , the bank 's accounts by mail got over 1,000 customers , a third from Tokyo 400 miles away . The story " Investing Money Or Energy " has the step " I decided to rob a bank " " As their popularity spreads , so grows the financial fortunes for Kevin Orcutt , a small - town police sergeant in Colorado and part - time bank security guard whose brother and father spend their days assembling nunchakus at home . Outcome : The oil producer receives $ 18 a barrel regardless of how low prices might drop , because the bank makes up the difference . Even before the outcome is clear , the offering is prompting some small technology companies to inquire about their chances of going public , adds Sanford Robertson , a principal of Robertson , Stephens & Co. , a San Francisco investment bank . Williams and other analysts said they know little about the state bank 's operations , though they figure the insurance effort will be used to help the national bank broaden its services and sell customers other bank products . If you want to pay cash then you should go to the bank to get cash a banker is used for working at a bank Among the most prominent credits is a $ 135 million syndicated loan , mostly from Japanese banks , for the construction of the Shanghai Exhibition and Hotel Complex , which is near completion . Mr. Bond is betting his biggest bank lenders will stick with him . But banks fear they will end up holding the bag for fraud losses . Many big bank stocks are cheap , but Mr. Eigen particularly likes Bank of New York . " Ten minutes after he had hit the bank , he called up and thanked them for their service and told them that the money will be well spent , " detective Bjorn Bjornson said Tuesday . paying by check requires money in a bank To understand the event " John robbed a bank John was arrested " , it is important to know that A bank is a business which has lots of money . The options will range from issuing bonds backed by the S& ; L industry , to taxes on deposits or other consumer services offered by banks and S& ; Ls , to a direct hit on the U.S. Treasury , sources said . Private homeowners using their own wells , however , are not governed by the EPA , and , unless they test their wells on their own for chemical analysis , they may not even know if or to what degree they have the tasteless nitrates in their water . More than 70 of the biotech examiners hold advanced degrees , including 8 with law degrees . " All my degrees are worthless , and I 'm ruined for the rest of my life . A few even see her for what she is : a woman , just turned 22 , within striking distance of becoming the first from a broken family of 10 to earn a college degree , while enjoying a senior season she could have only dreamed about . If you want to receive a degree then you should pass the exams But Mr. Revell told the Senate committee , " I do n't believe that if there was an intent on the part of these cartels to have blood running on the streets of America that we would be in a position to preempt it to the same degree that we have against the domestic ( terror ) groups . picture description : dart board , rotated ninety degrees counterclockwise Graduate students are taking longer than ever to get their doctor of philosophy degrees , the National Research Council says . Source : Almanac of American Politics The chairwoman of the California State University trustees , who has claimed a community college degree she did not earn , could be removed from her post under legislation introduced Thursday aimed at assuring that governmental appointees tell the truth about their credentials . Although Lansdale said she accumulated the 60 credits " equivalent " for an AA degree , she conceded she lacked a required course in either geography or history . Something that might happen as a consequence of receiving a degree is getting a job All of this must have been enormously frustrating to Mr. Katzenstein , who went to Sony with degrees in business and computer science and was raring to invent another Walkman . With changing industrial standards , the task of discerning the purpose of a suspicious plant , an Administration expert said , begins with looking at the collective implications of a package of " indicators , " which in turn requires knowing how a plant is built , what key materials are involved and the degree of precautions taken to protect workers from toxic substances . Education : Embalmer and funeral director degree , which required one year of college and a two - year apprenticeship . In between , Loesener was an assistant coach at Utah State University ( 1984 - 86 ) , where she earned a master 's degree in physical education with an emphasis in sports psychology . " The man in that position has to possess the highest degree of integrity , " Miller said . In the event " Josh is a student . Josh flew to Israel . " , something that changed was Josh got a degree in computer engineering . The statement " Ice is frozen water " is true because ice is water that has formed a solid because its tempurature is less than thirtytwo degrees " Anderson believes so too , and to that end he will pursue a professional basketball career in Europe or Australia after he graduates from Occidental in June with a degree in exercise science . As an undergraduate , McDaniel studied fine arts at Pepperdine University before receiving a master 's degree in Oriental art history from Cal State Long Beach . If you want to receive a degree then you should take classes " The institute has been authorized to grant master 's degrees in biology , geology , physics and science education since 1981 but has awarded only about 20 degrees in that time , Morris added . Novak moved here to attend graduate school and earned a master 's degree in fine arts from UC San Diego in 1986 . " - - Washington State 's Mike Utley : " I probably would have been a manual laborer if it had n't been for football , but now I 'll get a degree . " To have a high degree of scientific integrity is important to me . Kawasaki has a BS degree in zoology and an MS degree in biology from Cal State Los Angeles . In fact , Adamakis never graduated from the theological school and USC does not offer such a degree in law , officials at the two schools said . " Most design schools that teach architecture treat it either as a fine art or a sort of quasi - engineering , " said Conway , director of the 5 - year program at Woodbury leading to a bachelor of architecture degree . The response rate , more than 63 % , allows the results to be interpreted with a high degree of confidence . Payton was tempted to skip his senior year , but said he returned because his mother wanted him to finish his degree , because Miller told him he 'd get a better NBA deal if he completed his senior season , and because he promised Anderson he 'd play four years for him. " I see him as a father to me , " Payton said of his coach . Something that might happen as a consequence of receiving a degree is you get a good job . " With the aid of the SFV\AIA , we help minority students who might not otherwise imagine that an architecture degree is within their grasp make the grade , " Conway said . A student wants to get a degree . KENNETH L. GARDNER Los Angeles While it 's true that the deficit twins - - the budget deficit and the trade deficit - - are important , the degree of concern currently expressed about them is exaggerated . They always say to get a degree first , but they do n't allow us time or to skip practice to study for a test . General Webster graduated with a journalism degree , then earned his law degree from the University of Missouri - Kansas City . Carrillo , a high school dropout who returned to school in 1972 , earned a high school diploma and then an Associates of Arts degree in law enforcement from the College of the Desert in Palm Desert . Hart said that he believes Lansdale should resign her post if she cannot come up with a " compelling case " why she falsely claimed the degree . " I 'd thought that all the old war criminals ended up in South America or , to a lesser degree , South Africa , " says Costa - Gavras . Fitzgerald , a partner in Los Angeles - based Seidler - Fitzgerald Public Finance , received his MBA degree from Cornell University and a bachelor 's degree in industrial engineering at Cal State Sacramento . With that comes a certain degree of pride , and trying to take full advantage of the life style L.A. offers . Damage from the first frost of the season , which descended Christmas night , was kept minimal , in part , because Schaeffer had predicted the sub - freezing temperatures to within a degree , farmers said . The last thing you do when you receive a degree is celebrate The effect of receiving a degree is increasing your earning power The statement " You go to college to get a bachelor 's degree . " is true because not only to get bachelor 's degree also to make friends Something that might happen when you receive a degree is get a higher paying job Khaled Sweid , who holds a degree in mathematics , estimated that each family in the Ghannam tribe earned an average of about $ 200 per month compared to the national minimum wage of $ 30 per month . He already has a master of arts degree in music , and the courses out of the way for an MS in mathematics , having already knocked off his bachelor 's degrees in music and mathematics , in 1987 . If the results are confirmed in other studies , health and government officials may need to consider sex differences when defining safe levels of drinking for driving motor vehicles and other activities that demand high degrees of attention or coordination . After graduating from Kent State University in 1979 with a degree in communications , he worked briefly in sales for Noxell Corp. , the cosmetics company . cold is measured in degrees Lansdale publicly apologized for the claim after she acknowledged in a Times article that she never received the community college degree . The instructor , Valerie Bradford , is a professional counselor with a graduate degree in social work from USC . Affirmative action has provided some blacks with professional degrees ; it has not necessarily provided all of them with quality professional educations . He earned undergraduate degrees in mechanical and electrical engineering from the University of Illinois , Champaign - Urbana , where he also was awarded a master 's degree in mechanical engineering . SMALL TALK : Some 70 % of graduates who recently earned an M.B.A. degree say they 'd prefer to work in or own a small company , yet most take jobs with large concerns , says a survey by the Foster McKay Group , a New York recruiting firm . " Whitlock says he got a bachelor 's degree in business from LaSalle Extension University in Chicago and an MBA from American University in Washington . A Shaman is a man or woman who as attained a high degree of knowledge concerning altered states of consciousness . In 1988 , 6,900 , or 15 % of total emigrants , held college degrees . The mercury will move up a degree or two on Wednesday , Dittmann said , but " the rest of the week is unsettled . If the coalition is not satisfied with the county 's response , a hearing will be held by Feb. 17 at which Vogel will rule on the degree of influence the Joint Powers Authority should wield . While Janacek 's knotty textures were clarified to a quite remarkable degree by these brilliant and brainy artists , there were too many slips to make this disjunct , ferocious , moonstruck but by no means incoherent thriller achieve its full impact on Sunday . receiving a degree is for making money He said he is hopeful that supervisors will now agree to authorize staff members to meet with NCRRA to negotiate a contract that will set terms such as how much NCRRA will charge the county to process trash , how much the county will make in royalty revenue based on the sale of recyclable material and to what degree the county will have to share in the financial risks . FBI officials in Los Angeles declined to comment on the case , other than to say that " we 're still looking for him. " Reports indicate that the younger Hunt - - a Wilmington resident described by his father as a " near - genius " with an undergraduate degree in psychology - - arrived in the Los Angeles area a few days after the robbery . Furthermore , she said , several former Husky football players have returned to earn their degrees six years after the fact . Mr. Modzelewski , while noting that times are tough for arms makers , said he expected McDonnell Douglas 's Pentagon - related projects to " bounce back next quarter " to some degree . " From fertilization , the cells of a human embryo are differentiated , unique and specialized to the highest degree of distinction , " Judge Young said . If you want to receive a degree then you should study The first thing you do when you receive a degree is celebrate A degree of paranoia is the beginning of sound operational thought . The rest of America should be prepared for such posturing as that displayed by California Attorney General John Van de Kamp , who believes that the insurance issue will take him to the governorship if only he can exhibit a degree of crass opportunism shameless even by California standards . " Competing against - - and beating - - groups from much more affluent backgrounds allows the Flyers to " see the other side of what life is all about , " said Porter , who graduated from the college in 1976 with an associate of arts degree , intending to become an art teacher . " The rise in degree aspirations may suggest that a growing proportion of students feel that the bachelor 's degree will not be an adequate credential in the job market of the next decade and the next century , " said the study , which is based on responses of 222,296 students at 402 of the nation 's two - and four - year colleges and universities . As an undergraduate , McDaniel studied fine arts at Pepperdine University before receiving a master 's degree in Oriental art history from Cal State Long Beach . Also , cooperative studies will soon get under way to assess the degree of global warming , he and a Soviet environmental official announced . Adamakis did earn a bachelor of theology degree in 1966 from Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology in Brookline , Mass. , and was ordained a priest . Three years later , I showed up at the undergraduate office and said , 'Oh , by the way , I got most of the requirements for this degree here . receiving a degree requires attendance of a degrees course To understand the event " On midsummer 's day in Cornwall , the wind blew the thick rain at 45 degrees . " , it is important to know that In this case degrees refers to an angle , not a temperature . " Mr. Cannavino began as an IBM repairman as a teen - ager and , without benefit of a college degree , worked his way up the product side of IBM . If you want to receive a degree then you should study very hard Sen. Gary Hart ( D - Santa Barbara ) , chairman of the Senate Education Committee , said he wrote the proposed law in response to revelations last month that CSU Chairwoman Marianthi K. Lansdale incorrectly claimed a 1959 associate of arts degree from Long Beach City College when selected by Gov. George Deukmejian and confirmed by the Senate for a spot on the board . " In the following years , West worked with Mountain , in a group with ex - Cream bassist Jack Bruce , and as a solo - billed artist ( one 1975 LP was entitled " The Great Fatsby " ) with varying degrees of success . The agreeable young couple who rent the haunted Gilfoy house in the pleasant Massachusetts town of Skipton both have advanced degrees in the field , and plan to write a definitive paper on their summer adventures . Courage , Sense of History But the often uninspiring appearance of stiff ceremony that he presented on public occasions belied an inspiring degree of courage and an astonishing sense of history , according to many who met him in more private circumstances . " In fact , Hargrove and his troops have had to throw out virtually completed episodes because they just could n't make the twisted mystery work to any reasonable degree of logic . Herschel Walker never graduated , but he has already earned something a journalism degree wo n't - - $ 20 million . Simmons is a 21 - year - old criminal justice major who 's 12 credits away from a college degree , and he enjoys recounting his Horatio Alger story to anyone with a notepad or mini - cam . Education : Bachelor of science degree . She holds a master 's degree in sociology from the University of Hawaii . " He wants to get out of jail , and then he needs to go back and get his high school degree . Ideally , underclassmen should stay in school , earn a degree , marry a pretty girl , live in the suburbs and have 2.5 children . In the event " Josh is a student . Josh flew to Israel . " , something that changed was Josh got a degree in theology . * Three ELAC professors who held doctorates from colleges that were unaccredited at the time their degrees were awarded . " French , a communications major , and Holieway , who studied criminal justice , have yet to fulfill their academic requirements to earn their degrees , but they are close . " Competing against - - and beating - - groups from much more affluent backgrounds allows the Flyers to " see the other side of what life is all about , " said Porter , who graduated from the college in 1976 with an associate of arts degree , intending to become an art teacher . It 's true we have a feeling that a greater degree of sophistication in art exists here than in Canada . A San Diego State University student working on her master 's degree in public health studied the nitrate problem in Ramona 's ground water and found that , based on her sampling of wells , several of Ramona 's various underground water aquifers are tainted by levels of nitrates exceeding the safety limits established by the EPA . At the moment , Japan appears to be much more skeptical of the degree of change in the Soviet Union under President Mikhail S. Gorbachev than is the United States . " Milken then earned an undergraduate degree in business administration at UC Berkeley , avoiding the anti - war campus unrest of the time , serving instead as president of his fraternity . " Nobody needs to have a college degree . Other criteria of success might include measures of adjustment , for instance , the degree of economic self - sufficiency . He also holds a bachelor 's degree in political science from UC Berkeley . You would receive a degree because you want to get a good job . During the past three years , the 289 - acre campus , with its cedar buildings of English Tudor - style architecture , has made a transition to a four - year college offering Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees . " There are various types of homeless people , various degrees of homelessness , " Chavez said . Neuroticism occurs as a matter of degree , everyone experiencing anxiety and stress at some time . Something you might do while receiving a degree is shake hands " Buffalo Bills Coach Marv Levy is a Phi Beta Kappa who earned a master 's degree in history at Harvard , but he cringes when they call him an intellectual . Something you need to do before you wait on tables is get an art history degree Gary Charlton , a receiver for the Apaches , has made an oral commitment to attend San Jose State pending his earning an associate of arts degree this spring . A student can be finishing her degree This is already being done to some degree . Muslims , he said , are somewhat more likely than Jews to have advanced degrees . An obtuse angle is greater than ninety degrees As the storm makes its way toward Arizona today , temperatures will warm several degrees and some sunshine will peep through the lingering clouds , Shigehara said . As for Mr. Sala 's qualifications , " the snooty attorneys for the state of New York decided Mr. Sala was n't qualified because he did n't have a Harvard degree , " says Mr. Manion . receiving a degree is for capping an achievement " I think if I had taken a doctoral degree , it would have stifled any writing capacity . Rather than getting a master 's degree in business administration from , say , Wharton and then working his way up through a bank 's credit side as a loan officer , Mr. Larsen earned a doctorate in economics at Texas A&M University . grants degrees Non - accredited higher - education institutions must have state approval in order to offer degrees . She attended Cypress College and received her bachelor 's degree from Cal State Long Beach in 1980 . " She stressed that she believes the best undergraduate education can be obtained at small , private schools and that women 's colleges produce a disproportionately high number of graduates who go on to earn more advanced degrees . Something that might happen when you pass your university exams is get your degree and more respect The statement " Protractors are used to measure angles . " is true because a protractor gives readings in degrees More recently , Nadoolman , who holds a master 's degree in costume design from UCLA , worked on Eddie Murphy 's " Coming to America . " That 's why it was so important to me to finish my college degrees . Common sense tells you that , to the degree that federal regulation was removed , there was a need for self - restraint in corporate board rooms . The last thing you do when you go to school is get a degree . A race of people is a group which has slight consistent differences from other races . Tone - deaf is unable to perceive differences of musical pitch accurately . The only real difference between a problem and a crisis is that you feel capable of tackling and resolving a problem . If you want to make a shopping list then you should Compare a list of items you have with a list of items you want or need . The shopping list is composed of the difference between these two lists . Lightning is caused by a difference in charge Conciliation and arbitration is the settlement of differences between unions and employers by a third party , independent of the parties to the dispute . wind is caused by a difference in temperature Sometimes when countries disagree , they have a war to settle their differences . War is bad . The statement " Tone - deaf is unable to perceive differences of musical pitch accurately . " helps answer the question " Why is it that some people do not sing well ? " File transfer ( FTP ) services make it possible for one to move files from a directory on one computer to a directory on another , irrespective of any differences between the computers . The format differences between applications is greater than the differences between platforms . Diplomacy can bridge differences . A simple look at the olymic games shows that people of African origin often do very well at track and filed events but none of them seem to do well at swimming . This is probably due to a difference in bone density . Difference between a star and a tablecloth : there is a big difference in size it is difficult for people to tell much difference between hard water and soft water The story " Reaching A Tentative Agreement " has the step " discuss differences " The story " Reaching A Tentative Agreement " has the step " decide if differences are outweighed by similarities " The statement " Names are always capitalized . " helps answer the question " What 's the difference between a noun and a name ? " Many humans do not know the difference between good and evil The difference between plants and animals is that animals are more mobile . Tornadoes are a dangerous weather condition caused by temperature and moisture differences in two adjacent air masses . contrast is the difference between light and dark When looking at a map , be sure to note the difference between roads and rivers . The quality of the wood makes a big difference in a musical instrument . The difference between a successful person and others is not a lack of strength , not a lack of knowledge , but rather in a lack of will . what is life but seeing difference a person wants to make a difference Peaceful people can settle their differences through compromise and negotiation . a person wants to acknowledge cultural difference with an open mind and heart . You would compute a sum because you need to know the difference between two numbers There is a difference between a warrior and a soldier . Jason wanted to make a difference in the world . There is a difference between painting a wall and painting a picture . People can bridge differences changing society is for making a difference The way you decorate your house can make a difference emotionally . Gourmets can taste the difference between method champenoise and Chamat bulk process champagne . " - " is the human symbol for finding the difference between two quantities The statement " Difference between a towel and an electric blanket : electric blanket uses electricity " helps answer the question " What is a major difference between a towel and an electric blanket ? " If you want to go fishing then you should know the difference between fish and bait To understand the event " Humbert loved Lolita . Lolita was twelve years old . " , it is important to know that Society is skeptical about romance involving a big age difference You would debate politics because it can make a difference To understand the event " Jason wanted to make a difference in the world . Jason studied to be a scientist . " , it is important to know that A scientist is someone who tries to find out new things To understand the event " Jason wanted to make a difference in the world . Jason studied to be a scientist . " , it is important to know that People are studying at the university To understand the event " Jason wanted to make a difference in the world . Jason studied to be a scientist . " , it is important to know that Einstein was a scientist The purpose of life is not to be happy . It is to be useful , to be honorable , to be compassionate , to have it make some difference that you have lived and lived well To understand the event " Jason wanted to make a difference in the world . Jason studied to be a scientist . " , it is important to know that scientists can change the world To understand the event " Teresa did not clean the apartment . " , it is important to know that the difference between clean and not clean Mr. Elbaum said the swap would expand the company 's equity base by increasing the number of shares outstanding and by retiring the debentures below face amount , with the difference recorded as equity , Mr. Elbaum said . " There 's a significant difference between most of our deals and those that come out under $ 1 . " Both union leaders and senior managers kept letting their personal differences interfere , " says Joseph Blasi , a Rutgers University professor who studied the Eastern situation . Agile Molinari swiftly struck again with aggressive headlines : " Molinari does n't need a myth to be appreciated " ; " Instead of quality , they offer coffee beans " ; and , " If you can appreciate the difference between a myth and a tradition . Exactly how the differences between the state and investors might be resolved is n't clear . He succeeds Albert Holgerson Jr. , who resigned partly because of differences with the thrift - institution 's regulators . Here are details of yesterday 's auction : Rates are determined by the difference between the purchase price and face value . Blasts of stock - index arbitrage buy programs - in which traders buy the momentarily " cheaper " stocks and sell futures to lock in fleeting price differences - hit the market at about 3 : 30 p.m. EDT and drove the industrial average to a double - digit gain . He said there were " differences over control of the company " and the long - term strategy . " What difference will it make in the schools ? But major differences remain with Democrats , who will caucus today , over how to finance the added costs . Sir Derek emphasized that the difference in net worth is on paper only and does n't represent any immediate drain on the company 's cash flow . At a recent forum he said that few know what the going rate is anyway , so what difference would a cut make on behavior ? If there is a difference between the consequences of decisions on the transportation of petroleum by oil industry executives and decisions on the use of petroleum wealth by Alaskan politicians , it comes from the fact the former are far more subject to the constraints of public opinion . Most recently , the Review 's differences with the school grew out of the paper 's acrimonious relationship with a black music teacher , Bill Cole . Meanwhile , Senate negotiators further narrowed their differences over the level of federal spending for law enforcement and anti - drug programs . Exchange - rate movements may also reflect differences in the level of general economic activity . During the prolonged floor debate last night , senators meeting behind closed doors appeared to have narrowed differences over a bipartisan anti - drug package and how to finance the added costs . Here are details of yesterday 's auction : Rates are determined by the difference between the purchase price and face value . SAS has helped 23 private schools exchange data on financial aid awards to common admittees , in a process that eliminates differences in the students ' out - of - pocket tuition expenses . " While the focus group showed universal concern about drugs , it revealed wide differences in opinion about how best to fight the problem . - Taxes : While a measure to reduce the differences in withholding - tax rates on investment income has failed to win the support of enough countries , EC officials expect to reach agreement on measures to narrow differences in indirect taxes or value - added taxes . Language differences make some product names inappropriate - or just plain comical . The more you focus on the product benefits , the more you 're avoiding local life - style differences . The union had raised concerns about health benefits , job relocations , job security and differences in pay between urban and rural areas . The two traders resigned last month , citing " differences over trading strategy . Airlie Group L.P. said Dallas investor Morton H. Meyerson has withdrawn as a general partner because of " differences in business philosophy " with fellow general partner Dort A. Cameron III . Also shown is the closing listed market price or a dealer - to - dealer asked price of each fund 's shares , with the percentage of difference . The book calls for a 20 - degree extension when attempting a landing with two engines out , but when the crew members tried a 5 - degree extension , they noticed that the slats on the right side were stuck at 3 degrees , creating an uneven trim that added to the difficulty of controlling the plane . The silent employee is not recognized for his work and he very often is silent because people have difficulty understanding him. " Although immigrants say accent reduction programs help , such efforts have been criticized because some say they homogenize speech - - they make all speakers sound like television anchors . " But the gloomy image of divorce here will not disappear completely until women can get jobs to overcome financial difficulties after a divorce . We get into difficulty when people ask for no salt , however . " Platoon " also had difficulties finding financing and distribution . While these difficulties have arisen between Ogden and Anaheim , Santa Ana officials have quietly moved ahead with plans for a nearly identical , privately owned and operated , 20,000 - seat indoor arena to be built there . " But , he added : " That 's the lingering difficulty in moving this region - - and the nation - - beyond the current stagnated state of race relations . " The difficulties lie in reaching agreement with the banks and Eurotunnel 's chief contracting party , TransmancheLink , on a forecast of costs . " If there are difficulties , we will go out into the world market and sell sugar and nickel , " Juan Escalona , president of Cuba 's National Assembly , told a news conference . " However , Glickman denied rumors that his company was experiencing financial difficulties and that he was having trouble obtaining financing . Despite testimony about Pete Bucher 's difficulty with the Navy at the Bremerton shipyard , nobody summoned any of the top brass responsible for outfitting his ship . " The difficulties that have arisen for the most part have been overcome , " the OAS secretary general , Joao Baena Soares , concluded in a pre - election report issued Wednesday . " Insiders said , however , that Deukmejian had difficulty coming up with a compelling agenda for a third term . One of the difficulties facing teacher recruiters has been the area 's high housing costs . While scientists believe the dust particles to be among the most abundant cosmic materials in the solar system , orbiting in bands between the planets and around the sun , they have had difficulty trying to catch it . Because of a health condition that has lasted for six or more months , do you have any difficulty going outside alone ( or ) taking care of your own personal needs , such as bathing , dressing or getting around inside the home ? As the Contras received more aid and got stronger , and as the Sandinistas faced growing economic and international difficulties , and as the FMLN stagnated and the Salvadoran regime stabilized , the effects of symmetry swung over to the U.S. - backed side . " My guess is that the military planners remembered the difficulties of Southeast Asia ( Vietnam ) and felt that , if given the mission , they should carry it out without guidance from other components that had been involved , " Lawn continued . " I have difficulty in communicating with a group of Catholic clergy who have taken upon themselves a political role , " he said . " Felix 's barbed and gossipy column , Un Poco de Algo ( A Little of Something ) appeared each week in Zeta , which recently celebrated its ninth anniversary , having survived Felix 's death , a machine - gun attack on the office in 1987 ( no one was injured ) and assorted other difficulties , including attempts by the previous governor to thwart distribution . For instance , difficulties in the North Sea , including a platform explosion last year , have kept hundreds of thousands of gallons a day off the world oil market . " It bounced off his chest then it went into his glove , " Faddoul ( 3 - 1 ) said , as if he still had difficulty believing it . Eastern Europe 's emerging democracies face daunting problems , including the likelihood of deep recession , in shifting to a free - market economic system , but their long - term prospects are good if they can surmount these difficulties , the CIA said Wednesday . CHCG estimated saving the facade would cost $ 150,000 , while the consulting firm calculated it would take $ 800,000 to $ 1.25 million because of the difficulty of keeping the unreinforced masonry wall in place during demolition . " Teachers say the difficulty of their work is compounded by television , which often shows teen idols dressed in attire that could be construed as gang - related . But if it is put into effect - - perhaps as early as the coming fiscal year that starts this summer - - the merger could ease the plight of two county organizations that have suffered from chronic financial difficulties in recent years . About love and death and the difficulty of getting rid of crab lice . Despite its difficulty , spelling is important for the blind , McGowan said . The players had difficulty reading the tricky greens because of the windy conditions . I tied it to my waist with some difficulty , and between Ray , the car and me , I was able to climb back , up and out . The problem , Xanthos said , is the family is experiencing difficulty shipping the money out of Sri Lanka because of government restrictions . Yanez said mechanical difficulties were believed responsible for the crash . The listing of Vitamin A posed a difficulty for the panel because the substance is essential to human health in moderate doses . Many of Coastal 's own highest - paid salesmen were kept uninformed that the company was in financial difficulty , said Donna Miccio , wife of Coastal salesman John Miccio , who also urged an investigation . " He 's different from other adults - - he helps us out with difficulties , " said Oscar Rodriguez , 11 , another sixth - grader whose group pantomimes a tape by New Kids on the Block , " Please Don't Go , Girl . For juniors Lara Hill and Ed Lind , the difficulties of dealing with their handicaps are part of their lives . U.S. Trade Representative Carla Hills , now in Seoul with a U.S. delegation , had suggested that if Seoul had difficulty lifting all beef - import restrictions immediately , it should first allow unrestricted imports of high - quality foreign beef for use by hotels and restaurants . Distributors report difficulty keeping copies of the CD in the stores , and it has moved rapidly up the adult contemporary record charts . He has experienced severe financial difficulties since his arrest 10 months ago , and he could face up to 75 years in prison and a $ 2.75 million fine , if convicted . " Were those the words of a man who , as one friend termed it , " put on moral blinders " because of dire financial difficulties ? When boats approach , studies show that whales may stay underwater longer , change breathing patterns and direction and have difficulty communicating . Alice Watkins , a former office aide at the camp , said that when the camp had difficulty filling its beds , Trott began to accept more severely troubled boys . " Not without difficulty , however . The thinness of the painting surface suggests either a fragile contemporary world liable to disintegrate or a distant universe perceived with difficulty through layers of imagery . Young children have difficulty with abstract reasoning . Individuals with direction problems will often have difficulty with this , especially when boards are rotated . What the United States ought not do is to create greater difficulty or to raise false hopes among the Lithuanians , who , in the end , are the ones who would be most hurt by bombastic and cruelly misleading American rhetoric . Citing reduced sales and cash flow difficulties , National Lumber & ; Supply Inc. said Friday that it has initiated talks with its principal secured lender to restructure the company 's debt . Later , officials acknowledged that a recount of the migrants might be necessary because of the North County 's " unique set of characteristics " and the inherent difficulty of counting such a population , said Michael J. Weiler , assistant regional census manager . City planning officials now say legal difficulties will postpone it until February . If you have difficulty finding these locally , most of them can be found in the Wayside Gardens ( Hodges , S.C. ) and Burpee Ornamental Gardens ( Warminster , Pa. ) catalogues . But with the disturbances all but ended , the government eased dawn - to - dusk curfew hours Friday , reducing them from 12 hours to the nine hours between 8 p.m. and 5 a.m. The Venezuelan president predicted that as a result of the disturbances , " the country will live through about six months of serious difficulties , but then there will be a period of expansion . Schimmel knows something about working with a board of trustees whose reputation for difficulty precedes them . Frequent changes in trade regulations , as well as difficulties foreign companies have in repatriating profits are among some of the issues . " Mr. Fogelman 's proposal necessitated by his current financial difficulties , is very onerous to me personally . The headlong rush toward German reunification has cleared two important hurdles , but serious , potentially volatile difficulties still loom ahead . He acknowledged that he had been in financial difficulty in the late 1970s and early 1980s and had filed bankruptcy in 1980 . But Atascadero ( 19 - 5 ) scored four consecutive points to open the final quarter and had difficulty even getting a good shot , which prompted La Quinta Coach Kevin Kiernan to put in Jalewalia with 7 minutes remaining . Dallas Having grown up among the Amish in Iowa , I think I can appreciate more than most the difficulty of Dr. Morton 's work . He and other members of Local 75 asserted that officials of their local were paid considerably more than officials of comparable locals and contended that a salary reduction for them , rather than a dues increase , was the appropriate solution to the union 's difficulties . I bet none of them are showing anything as daft as this , I mused to myself . The shelter that Jenny had found for me was in Camden Town , not too far away , so in order not to arrive there before it got going for the evening , I dawdled a little , window - shopping . Up on Tottenham Court Road there were all the gadget shops , all displaying their various ranges of radios , record players , compact - disc players and videos all of which seemed to be housed in bewilderingly similar sleek black boxes . All is conformity now , I thought to myself . All is conformity . Prize tribute Lee Dickenson explains how he came to carve the massive Chindit sculpture , which won the Arbortech Woodcarver competition at the 1990 Woodworker Show . Lee used nothing but this disc to carve the piece with an angle grinder , and he describes some of the effects the tool can achieve . The burn marks are most easily achieved when the Woodcarver has lost its edge Every piece of carving on the Chindit , which stands about 3ft high , was done with the Woodcarver On the fruitwood I was working it left an interesting rippled effect . However the moment it slips you have to wait for the chain to gain momentum before cutting can recommence , otherwise it bites again . Waiting is a bore , and it is worth noting that the chain continues to rotate after the disc has stopped , so beware fingers . In all , this seems a product created more by necessity than design . I believe that the original Arbortech Woodcarver was one of the most dynamic inventions for woodworkers of recent time , offering fast cutting with a good finish and potential for fine detailing . J. Brooks , Leeds Making tamper - proof nameplate mounts To make invisibly mounted brass nameplates cut a brass disc of the appropriate diameter and thickness ; I use 1 mm sheet , and 1 mm diameter . The disc should correspond with the diameter of your winged boring bits . Take a brass screw ( i/2in or 3/4in No.8 ) and solder it to the back of the disc . To make invisibly mounted brass nameplates cut a brass disc of the appropriate diameter and thickness ; I use 1 mm sheet , and 1 mm diameter . The disc should correspond with the diameter of your winged boring bits . Take a brass screw ( i/2in or 3/4in No.8 ) and solder it to the back of the disc . Polish the face of the plate and bevel the edge , before burnishing . Bore a shallow recess with the winged bit and , using the central pilot hole as a guide , drill the workpiece to take a steel screw that matches the one on the back of the nameplate . Bore a shallow recess with the winged bit and , using the central pilot hole as a guide , drill the workpiece to take a steel screw that matches the one on the back of the nameplate . Screw this in , and remove it to create the thread . If the orientation of the writing on the disc is unimportant ( in the centre of a bowl , for instance ) you can engrave it now , before fitting . For cabinet work , however , you will need to fit it first , and engrave it in situ . Put a smear of wax on the screw thread , and screw the plate into position . Mosaics are just tiny tiles usually plain in colour , sometimes with a pattern which are sold made up in sheets on a tough fabric backing . They are laid just like tiles , in a bed of adhesive , and the gaps are grouted afterwards . Square mosaics are the most common , but discs , hexagons and other interlocking shapes are also available . Sheets are usually 300mm ( 12in ) square , and are often sold in packs of five or 10 ; the best way of estimating quantities is to work out the area to be covered , and to divide that by the coverage figure given on the pack , which will tell you how many packs to buy . Note that wall and floor types are of different thicknesses , just like ordinary ceramic tiles . Based on the smallest of the commonly available disc sizes , the 100mm ( 4in ) , the machine is almost identical to its larger brother , the FG12SA . Setting up the tool requires only the two spanners provided as standard accessories . One holds the spindle steady whilst the other fits into the twin holes on the wheel nut and tightens the disc in place . Also provided with the grinder is a disc for use on metalwork . Finally , a screw - in side handle is fixed on to the alloy gear cover , offset either to the left or right depending on the user . Once in place , Hitachi recommends a trial in a safe area to ensure everything is properly assembled . This , like all safety instructions , should always be followed . Damaged discs or grinders can be very hazardous and gloves and goggles must be worn . Like all disc grinders , the body shell is basically a cover for a powerful motor which drives the disc at high speed . In this case , a 550 watt motor provides the power behind the 11,000rpm disc . Damaged discs or grinders can be very hazardous and gloves and goggles must be worn . Like all disc grinders , the body shell is basically a cover for a powerful motor which drives the disc at high speed . In this case , a 550 watt motor provides the power behind the 11,000rpm disc . Unlike some machines of this wattage , noise was well suppressed and only became excessive when the disc was used on stonework . Applying the 1.6kg tool to metalwork proved easy , even for the inexperienced . Unlike some machines of this wattage , noise was well suppressed and only became excessive when the disc was used on stonework . Applying the 1.6kg tool to metalwork proved easy , even for the inexperienced . We put the machine to the test removing rust from a section of decorative ironwork and the only problem was the tendency of the disc to bite into the metal if too much pressure was applied . This will happen with all grinders if used too enthusiastically . It is important to let the tool 's weight do the work . Hitachi have also taken the trouble to make the control large enough to operate when wearing thick gloves . Grinders should be held at a shallow angle of between 15 and 30 to the work when they are used to abrade the surface . This offers the maximum amount of disc edge to the work and does not overload the motor . When in use , the semi - circular wheel guard of the Hitachi deflects sparks , chippings etc away from the operator . Two screws hold the guard in the optimum position , the open sides pointing directly away from the body of the machine . However , the guard can be loosened and repositioned for particularly awkward jobs , as long as it is fully retightened . In all , the FG10SA performed well on metal and stone . The machine comes with a 100mm disc but the guard will allow the fitting of the standard 115mm disc . Build quality seemed good and there are now enough agents in this country to make servicing and spares less of a worry . WHAT IT COSTS WHAT IT COSTS The Hitachi FG10SA recommended retail price is 80.65 . Spare discs are 1.64 Changing the 100mm discs using the spanners provided For grinding , the disc is kept at a shallow angle to the work It is made to the usual high Wolfcraft standards using thick steel for the bench table and a cast alloy housing for the disc . The disc itself spins easily on a sealed ball - bearing race . The sander is clamped on to the edge of a workbench so the disc is vertical and the shank of the disc is locked securely into your power - drill chuck most drills with a standard 43mm diameter neck are suitable . It is important to set the drill on a high speed setting ( 5,000rpm maximum ) , and the disc must turn in the direction shown by the arrow on the housing . The bench table is clamped securely in position by means of two tommy bar bolts . The disc itself spins easily on a sealed ball - bearing race . The sander is clamped on to the edge of a workbench so the disc is vertical and the shank of the disc is locked securely into your power - drill chuck most drills with a standard 43mm diameter neck are suitable . It is important to set the drill on a high speed setting ( 5,000rpm maximum ) , and the disc must turn in the direction shown by the arrow on the housing . The bench table is clamped securely in position by means of two tommy bar bolts . For most applications , you can use a try square to set the table at 90 , but the table can be angled downwards and locked for sanding angles down to 45 . The Wolfcraft Bench Sander normally comes with three grades of sanding/grinding discs coarse , medium and fine . These simply and securely fit on to the 178mm ( 7in ) diameter disc using a Velcro - type fastening . It is very easy to change the discs when necessary . We are including an extra pack of two coarse discs for you in the pack worth 2.69 . The Wolfcraft Bench Sander normally sells for 35.35 but we are offering the complete kit for only 34.95 , saving over 3 on the usual prices . The Renault 2.5 is part of Drivage , and EC - funded project intended to assess the performance of older drivers , and work out what technical advances might be useful to older age groups . The project has involved collaboration with the college geography department , and the traffic studies centre of the University of Groningen , in Holland . The car is part of a driving simulator , which uses a Philips video disc player , in conjunction with an Acorn Archimedes A440 computer , to project video images onto a screen . The screen replaces the car windscreen , and on it is shown a road scene that has been recorded on video tape , and transferred to disk . A C program runs on the Archimedes , and controls the playback rate in response to the subject the driver of the car working the brake and accelerator . As deadpan as in its more accustomed role of relaying verbatim endless speeches by Mikhail Gorbachev , the official Soviet news agency reported yesterday on a town terrorised by at least three visitations from outer space and vouched for by eminent local scientists , no less . But the tale is best told in Tass 's sober prose . A large shining ball or disc was seen hovering above the park . Then it landed , a hatch opened and one , two or three creatures similar to humans and a small robot came out . The aliens were three to four metres ( 10 - 13ft ) tall , but with very small heads . Then it landed , a hatch opened and one , two or three creatures similar to humans and a small robot came out . The aliens were three to four metres ( 10 - 13ft ) tall , but with very small heads . They walked near the ball or disc and then disappeared inside . Onlookers were overwhelmed by a fear lasting several days. Many also claimed to have seen a banana - shaped object in the sky , and a characteristic illuminated sign . We are just under one inch taller on getting up in the morning than we are on going to bed at night . This is because , during sleep , our spine no longer needs to support the weight of our body . Therefore , fluid passes into the discs between our vertebrae , causing them to swell slightly and this makes us taller . When we get up , the weight of our bodies compresses these discs and squeezes out the extra fluid . Normally half of this extra height is lost in the first hour after waking but , if exercise is taken on waking , then the loss of height is more rapid . This is because , during sleep , our spine no longer needs to support the weight of our body . Therefore , fluid passes into the discs between our vertebrae , causing them to swell slightly and this makes us taller . When we get up , the weight of our bodies compresses these discs and squeezes out the extra fluid . Normally half of this extra height is lost in the first hour after waking but , if exercise is taken on waking , then the loss of height is more rapid . These results suggest that our rhythm of sleeping and being awake in turn a response to our rhythmic environment causes the changes in our height . But off the road means just that . Don't go off to the sun and leave it parked in the street . Whether you have paid your 100 fee for the full year or 55 for a six - month licence , you entitled to a rebate of 8.33 for each whole month left on the licence disc . Be sure to apply before the first of the calendar month when you want the rebate to start . If you apply on December 1 , for instance , the rebate will not start until January 1 and you will lose a month . SOUND on the Apple Macintosh has its roots in comedy . Games have made noises through the Mac speaker ever since its introduction , and many early systems were afflicted with a true celebration of the typical Mac programmer 's sense of humour . This was a small operating system patch by the name of MacPuke , which made the innocuous little beige box belch in a particularly corpulent , beer - sodden way when the operating system decided to eject a floppy disc from the drive . This and similar programs have spread through the Macintosh community 's excellent Public Domain ( PD ) software network . And nowadays , users of the newer Macs may benefit from larger speakers and earphone sockets , projecting sounds which the original machines mumbled . Now perhaps they should produce an Apple Macintosh version , which would be exactly the same but cost twice as much . Disc boxes and mouse mats are good stocking fillers , but what about something with a bit of class ? A wooden disc box from Supplier Action : not a greenhouse gas producer and not made from tropical hardwood . The only layer it might put a hole through will be in your back pocket it costs 45 . For the mouse owner , what about a Mouse Cleaning Kit from Accodata for 15.95 , or a cover made in imitation fur in the shape of a mouse Terra 's Furry Mouse House ? Before that the chronological sequence of songs starts with a charming Gounod - like salon piece , and follows the composer 's development , after which the collection is crowned by the best - loved Verlaine settings . Favourite Encores for String Quartet brings together 15 lollipop items to defy any idea that this is an austere medium , with the Delme Quartet making persuasive advocates . The obvious piece , Schubert 's Quartetsatz is missing , but that is very well covered on record already , and most of these little charmers are neglected on disc , even Hugo Wolf 's deliciously sparkling Italian Serenade . Other items range from the Haydn - Hofstetter Serenade once used as the Music in Miniature signature tune and Tchaikovsky 's Andante cantabile to Puccini 's Crisantemi and two delightful folk - song settings by Frank Bridge . Helios is the mid - price label published by Hyperion . One controlling Labour group , Lothian , is literally falling apart . Financial and legal pressures have forced councils to hand over debt recovery to private agents known as sheriffs ' officers Scottish bailiffs in a surprisingly clinical fashion . Computer discs , containing the names of defaulters , are being despatched to the men in the small offices so that final legal warnings can be printed and distributed . For a few , the poll tax is proving lucrative . Kenneth Simpson , the Perth - based spokesman for the Society of Sheriffs ' Officers , says they are already getting results . He admits that the final sanction , the warrant sale , provides the only alternative . But for the moment he 's not too disheartened . Simpson 's own practice recently received a computer disc from an unnamed council containing the names of over 5,000 defaulters . They duly processed the information and despatched warning letters stating that offenders had five days to make a payment arrangement with a 10 per cent surcharge before a court order , a summary warrant , was activated . As a result , we 've had an awful lot of letters from people saying there 'd been an oversight on their part , says an outwardly cheerful Simpson . The magnetic - force microscope , developed at IBM 's Watson research laboratories in New York , uses a magnetic needle made of nickel which is sensitive to variations of the magnetic field on a surface . Such a microscope can easily form images of the individual bits of magnetic information . In its development laboratories , IBM is using the microscope to check the quality of magnetic - storage discs . In one case it was able to show that tracks of information were being written too closely together , thus partially erasing each other. At the same laboratory , Dr Clayton Williams and colleagues have developed a type of AFM for measuring the distribution of atoms of a dopant in semiconductors . For objects which need some thickness of metal , like ingots or axes , casting is the obvious method , while others , like fine wire or thin sheet metal , need extensive working . In many cases , however , the method used is not immediately obvious . For example , a bowl may be formed by casting , by hammering up the sides from a fiat disc , or by a combination of casting ( for the basic dish shape ) and working up details , like the rim . In rare instances , there is still evidence of manufacturing methods , for example the clay moulds used for casting bronze bridle bits and other equestrian equipment found at the Iron Age site of Gussage All Saints or stone moulds for weapons ( fig. 5.7 ) . Other clues to the manufacturing process might be found by examining the object itself . The 2 - litre , 121bhp injection engine is smooth and responsive , with ample power both to 0 to 60mph in 9l6 seconds , and to top out at 125mph . Yet it 's flexible enough to pull away in fourth gear from 1000rpm . Accurate , well weighted power steering helps ; so does the knowledge that ABS braking of the discs all round is there for the asking . The suspension generally is good , especially cruising fast on the open road , and the car flows through the bends . But on less even surfaces it can be a bit bobbly . 5 : One of six bronze medals , a special safety award and the prize for best NORMAC member 's invention went to William Wennington of Great Melton , Norwich . Owners Rea C Richardson benefit from his onboard beet harvester jack , which was made from an ex - Moreau ram with home - brewed framing . An old plough disc forms a foot and oil comes from the harvester 's elevator motor drive . On operating a diverter valve the ram extends , jacking the harvester for quick , safe track changes when opening out a field . 6 : Simple but effective : adding band spraying nozzles to the front of a nine - row self - steer Standen rear hoe picked up a bronze medal for Philip Kew , Bank Farm , Saddlebow , Kings Lynn . The Vredo range of shallow grassland injectors comprises four models . Working widths are 2.8m , 3.2m , 4m and 5.6m ( 9ft 2in , 10ft 6in , 13ft and 18ft 4in ) respectively , and they can be retrofitted to any tanker fitted with a positive displacement pump . Slurry is injected into a 20mm ( 0.75in ) wide groove which can be up to 60mm ( 2.3in ) deep , and on all models , the slot is opened by a pair of discs mounted on a flexible arm , a feature which is said to ensure precise depth control . BKW 's 5,000 - , 7,000 - and 9,000 - litre ( 1,000 , 1,500 and 2,000gal ) capacity tankers can be retro or factory - fitted with the company 's four or six - tine injectors , which feature a slimline leg and share incorporating a spring release mechanism . Slurry is metered to the tine by a positive displacement pump , which is said to give accurate application rates , and hydraulically - driven axles are offered as an option . In the centre of the room was a monstrous machine , black and towering ; its huge bulk awesome with power . Attached to one side was an enormous circular blade ; a startling silver against the gloom . All at once a single shaft of moonlight exploded through a high window and struck this disc , causing it to revolve . Slow at first , the motion gathered speed until it was too dazzling for the eye to follow . One of the undulating shapes detached itself from the wall and advanced towards the shining executioner as though blind to its danger . There I met Peter Cannon , the youthful Pirate King . He was a friendly , freckled young man of eighteen , with shoulder - length hair . Peter shared the dingy three - room studio with sixteen other disc - jockeys , working in shifts . The music we play is country and Irish , he told me . We can be heard all over Donegal and Northern Ireland , and now we 're getting fan letters from the west coast of Scotland . As the central circle rotates , it causes the rolling circle to give point P a reciprocating action . This mechanism was much used as an ancilliary pump in nineteenth century steam engines . When a disc is rolled about a disc of equal diameter , the roller makes two revolutions about its own centre . This principle is used in differential gears . If a particle moves under gravity along a smooth curve in the form of a cycloid with its cusps pointing vertically upward , the time of descent to the lowest point is independent of the starting position . left hand right hand Only helices of the same hand entwine together . In the rectangular canvas , the four suns are located by an equilateral triangle . To find the time of day , use a slip of white paper to blank out three of the discs . It 's a long way to Tipperary , Mandalay and Bedford Square . What is the time of day ? 1 tbsp cornflour recipe start Grease four 8 in/20 cm sandwich tins and line the bottom with a disc of baking parchment . Cream the butter and sugar and beat in the eggs , one at a time . Fold in the flour and almonds . Philips , the Dutch electronics company which invented the CD , long ago dropped its original advertising slogan : Perfect sounds forever . A spokesman said yesterday that the company promised a lifetime 's use if the CDs were manufactured correctly . Some manufacturers guarantee CDs for only 30 years but Mr Bert Gall , general manager of optical systems at Philips , said the life of the average disc should be more than 1,000 years , though it could be reduced to 50 if manufacturing was poor and the discs were mistreated . The main problem is that the stored sound can be lost when the thin layer of aluminium which coats a CD 's plastic surface is oxidised , losing its ability to reflect laser light . European CD manufacturers have begun a regular exchange of information on quality to help improve the discs ' longevity and hope to agree on an international standard testing procedure involving exposure of the discs to heat and humidity . Some manufacturers guarantee CDs for only 30 years but Mr Bert Gall , general manager of optical systems at Philips , said the life of the average disc should be more than 1,000 years , though it could be reduced to 50 if manufacturing was poor and the discs were mistreated . The main problem is that the stored sound can be lost when the thin layer of aluminium which coats a CD 's plastic surface is oxidised , losing its ability to reflect laser light . European CD manufacturers have begun a regular exchange of information on quality to help improve the discs ' longevity and hope to agree on an international standard testing procedure involving exposure of the discs to heat and humidity . No shakes and rattles as trams roll back the years Forty - three years after they left , Trevor Bates reports on today 's return of trams to Manchester By TREVOR BATES Seefried , Patzak and Ferrier , together with the less well - known Horst Gunter , make up the quartet of soloists ; Clifford Curzon and Hans Oppenheim are the two pianists . All perform with innate artistry . A two - disc box of another doyen of the Decca catalogue , Ernest Ansermet , brings his notably authoritative versions of all Ravel 's orchestral music ( 425 9972 ) . Finally in this indispensable series comes Britten 's first , 1944 recording of his Serenade for tenor , horn and strings , with Peter Pears and Dennis Brain as the soloists ( 425 9962 ) . It remains unsurpassed , as do Pears 's 1954 versions of the composer 's Michelangelo Sonnets and Winter Words , with Britten accompanying , on the same CD . Another early purchase of mine was Beecham 's 78 rpm version of Sibelius 's Sixth Symphony recorded in 1947 . It is a tribute to EMI engineers of the time and their faithful successors today that this and the even earlier ( 1937 ) version of Sibelius 's Fourth Symphony come up sounding so truthful ( CDM7 64027 2 ) . This disc , running almost to 80 minutes , also includes his accounts of other Sibelius works Leminkainen 's Return , The Tempest and The Bard , all in authoritative readings . A favourite composer of Beecham 's was Berlioz , so it 's good to have back in circulation his famous 1957 performance of the Symphonie Fantastique with the French National Radio Orchestra ( CDM7 64032 2 ) coupled with the overtures King Lear , made with the RPO , and the pre - War and still vivid Carnival Romain with the LPO ; even if the recording of the last is a bit confined . All show the conductor 's empathy with the composer displayed in lyrical lines and incandescent climaxes , poetry and fire nicely balanced . Completing this issue are vivid accounts of other Beecham favourites , Franck 's D minor Symphony and Lalo 's in G minor ( CDM7 63396 2 ) , both with the French National Radio Orchestra , and a disc of lollipops ( CDM7 63412 2 ) with the RPO . These are all stereo originals and sound as fresh as the day they were made . EMI 's Great Recordings of the Century features two discs of British music conducted by Beecham 's near - contemporary , Sir John Barbirolli . With his beloved Halle and its attendant choir he performs John Ireland 's These Things Shall Be and , with the orchestra alone , Bax 's Third Symphony ( CDH7 63910 ) , music that does n't deserve the neglect into which it has fallen since these 1940s performances . Even better are his accounts of Vaughan Williams 's London and Eighth Symphonies from the 1950s ( CDM7 641972 ) . Yet none of these works can rival , for sheer novelty and strangeness , Sibelius 's Sixth Symphony , still one of the most mystifying and mesmerising orchestral utterances of the century . Its vacillations of mood , from white - hot passion concealed behind a frosty stare to an almost insouciant dance - like gaiety , are beautifully captured in a generally distinguished performance by the Danish Radio orchestra under Leif Segerstam . The disc is filled out with the tone - poems Pohjola 's Daughter and En Saga , the latter ( I always think ) just five minutes too long . Abbado 's latest disc as Karajan 's Berlin successor is devoted to Brahms : cogent and altogether admirable performances of the Fourth Symphony and Haydn Variations to join the many others of which the same could be said . What makes this disc worth having is the setting for chorus and orchestra of Schiller 's Nanie , composed in memory of a friend . Its vacillations of mood , from white - hot passion concealed behind a frosty stare to an almost insouciant dance - like gaiety , are beautifully captured in a generally distinguished performance by the Danish Radio orchestra under Leif Segerstam . The disc is filled out with the tone - poems Pohjola 's Daughter and En Saga , the latter ( I always think ) just five minutes too long . Abbado 's latest disc as Karajan 's Berlin successor is devoted to Brahms : cogent and altogether admirable performances of the Fourth Symphony and Haydn Variations to join the many others of which the same could be said . What makes this disc worth having is the setting for chorus and orchestra of Schiller 's Nanie , composed in memory of a friend . This is Brahms at his most radiant and affecting , music of such intimacy that one is not surprised to learn that its suitability for public performance was questioned . Sue Lawley , for example , on Desert Island Discs ( Radio 4 , Sunday ) is vapidity itself , or , put it another way , elocution alone seems to use up all her mental energy . Last week she had the good fortune to have as guest the great art historian Sir Ernst Gombrich . A fine comedy resulted , as the high culture of pre - war Vienna was reduced to eight discs , one book ( Goethe 's poems ) , one luxury ( a bath - tub ) , and responses to such questions as What should a person going into an art gallery for the first time look for ? Sir Ernst rose above the dopey format . For one thing , unlike many sportier guests , he was able to choose recordings that , while functioning as mementos , were also excellent in themselves . The starfish are among the most important of invertebrate predators living today . They make major depredations on oyster beds and the recent activities of the Crown of Thorns starfish ( Acanthaster ) in chewing up great chunks of the Great Barrier Reef have become a modern ecological object lesson ( and , incidentally , a source of funds for many marine biologists ) . There are two major kinds of starfish ( which may not be closely related ) the familiar large , stiff - armed asteroids , and the delicate ophiuroids , brittle stars , with lithe , slender , snake - like arms radiating from a circular central disc . Ophiuroids are especially abundant in deep sea environments , and it is unusual for a deep sea dredge to miss one of these small animals . Asteroids often have five arms , but many species have more up to about forty . J.H. Turner The North Country Continental , latterly known simply as the boat train , has been connecting the north west with East Anglia for years . Sporting white discs instead of headlamps is B1 No. 61283 seen leaving Victoria on the southbound service in the 1950 's . J.H. Turner The view southwards from the platforms at Victoria . Data stored in RAM chips while the computer is on must be moved to a disc before the power is switched off . That requires a large software overhead , he says . The software must contain instructions to handle all the communication between the chip and the disc . Such data management operations take up a lot of the computer 's operating time ; in a computer based on FRAMs they would be reduced to a minimum . You do n't have to switch on the computer , load the program and recall a file from disc you just switch on and it 's there , Lyndon - James says . The software must contain instructions to handle all the communication between the chip and the disc . Such data management operations take up a lot of the computer 's operating time ; in a computer based on FRAMs they would be reduced to a minimum . You do n't have to switch on the computer , load the program and recall a file from disc you just switch on and it 's there , Lyndon - James says . Programs stored in normal ROMs cannot be changed . Data in erasable programmable read - only memory ( EPROM ) chips can be updated many times , but only by removing the chip , erasing the original program with ultraviolet light , and then reprogramming . Drill attachments : Similar to the previous category , but powered by direct drive from a hand held electric drill , these have some application in the drier phases of cleaning . One ingenious attachment consists of a rotary wire flail , which is particularly useful , for carbon removal and is not as fierce as it sounds . Floor scrubbers : These are essentially powered deck scrubbers available in two general types namely rotary disc brush and cylindrical brush machines . Disc brush machines have limited application being effective only on smooth flooring . Profiled , slip resistant or quarry tiled surfaces require the more effective cylindrical brush action with its greater ground pressure generally higher rotational speeds and more efficient brush action . Below me the clouds parted with alarming speed , revealing the glen below in astonishing clarity . So dramatic was its timing and swiftness I paused to see if angels with trumpets would slide into view with some glad tidings . I could see the railway line , the road , Bridge of Orchy , and practically read the tax disc on my car . I was standing in absolutely the correct place for my descent . Then I remembered the party of walkers above me . Look what 's included with Viva One of the joys of owning a '73 Viva is that the most important extras are included in the basic price . From the 1256 cc 2 - door de Luxe Viva ( price 944 ) upwards , all have heated rear window , power - assisted front discs . wall - to - wall carpet , fitted front seat belts , alternator , and a complete , factory - applied underbody seal . Viva gives you the basic things too . Consequently , the good old gentleman got his watch back . When most people possessed no clocks or watches but lived more in the countryside than they do today , they took far more note than we do of the various timings associated with plants and animals . Indeed , some plants were even named thereby , for example , the day 's eye ( daisy ) , so - called in allusion to its revealing its yellow disc in the morning and concealing it again in the evening . Most notable of natural timings was cock - crow , and a famous tribute to the cock Chauntecleer 's horological skill was paid by Chaucer in the Nun 's Priest 's Tale : Wel sikerer was his crowying in his logge , Control of protein synthesis is the central issue in cell differentiation and development . More accurately it is the control of the luxury molecules the molecules that make cells different from one another , rather than the control of the housekeeping proteins which is the key . If one thinks of the DNA codes for proteins as records in a jukebox , the problem is to understand why one disc , say the haemoglobin theme , is played only in red blood cells while another , the albumin theme , is played only in liver cells . What presses the right button in different cells ? Control of protein synthesis can occur at several different points in the sequence of steps that leads from the DNA code to a fully formed protein . It has to be something important to you . I thought : Will I get to surf Sunset before I leave ? I tossed the three discs . The combination of different faces produced a score which required me to inscribe a divided line or a single unbroken line on a sheet of paper . After six throws I had a hexagram which looked like this : Rockin ' Instrumental Hits Metallic guitar chords , barnstorming organ sounds the qualities of instrumental rock were many and varied . Enjoy again 14 of the best instrumental sounds ever put on disc ! 7 At the Hop Pop carols , of course , must n't create the unfortunate habit of diverting attention to the figure of Jesus . Thus the genius of songwriters has been brought to bear on writing a gospel more suited to our age when a baby is born with a plastic spoon in its mouth . Flesh dollies like Sheri Dean and the Sobell Skaters brought out a disc entitled Make Someone Happy ( this Christmas ) which exhorted us to spread the word and light the lights , ca n't you feel the town is bright ? Another group called Pendulum sang of White Confetti see it falling , bless the stranger in the manger in the morning when Christianitee was born . Note the more overt reference to religion but careful avoidance of Jesus Christ which is rather too religious a term . The next milestone was the idea of mass - producing copies of recordings . This involved making a negative version of the recording , with ridges instead of grooves , so the copies could be formed from that . The disc records invented by Berliner were the first to possess this advantage , since they could be stamped out almost like printing . They also permitted a much simpler reproducing machine , since the groove itself propelled the soundbox , no additional screw mechanism being necessary ( 7 ) . At first , the playing time for both discs and cylinders was the same about two minutes but the fact that discs could be made in different sizes , all of which could be played on the same machine , was another advantage . At first , the playing time for both discs and cylinders was the same about two minutes but the fact that discs could be made in different sizes , all of which could be played on the same machine , was another advantage . In 1901 it was found that a ten - inch disc ( playing for three minutes ) was better for most types of music , even popular songs , and the popular single was born . Although cylinder manufacturers countered effectively for some decades , first with moulding techniques and later with finer grooves , the overwhelming simplicity of being able to press thousands of copies of disc records and play them on a simple machine eventually told in the disc 's favour . Certainly it became economic to pay recording artists large fees ; and without mass - production , few recordings of top artists would survive in playable form today . 7 A Berliner Gramophone . Brian Rust 's book The Complete Entertainment Discography states that it was recorded in New York on 25 February 1925 , so this American Columbia electrical recording seems to be earlier , by one day . The Benefits of Amplification On 31 March 1925 American Columbia used their new equipment to record a most impressive demonstration disc the Associated Glee Clubs of America at the Metropolitan Opera House. The microphone not only captured 850 voices in perfect balance , something impossible with acoustic techniques , but it also caught the bass strings of the grand piano accurately , and the acoustic environment of the Opera House around the performance . The Western Electric system was thoroughly thought out , with a performance exceeding acoustic cutters by two - and - a - half octaves and almost unlimited amplification . This speed was then adopted for Victor 's first long - playing records of 193134 . Although imperfect marketing has been cited by historians as the reason for Victor 's failure , in fact there may have been a simple operational reason . It was difficult enough to cut a perfect master 78rpm disc with a duration of only five minutes . To cut a perfect long - playing side without stopping imposed intolerable demands on everyone . Stokowski and the Philadelphia Orchestra ( again ! ) recorded Beethoven 's Fifth Symphony in this manner ; but Victor 's other LPs had to be patched - up dubbings from standard records , and they had a distinctly second - hand quality . The Dane Valdemar Poulsen invented his Telegraphone in 1898 and patented it in 1900 , but ( as with commercial electrical recording ) amplification was needed before it could become practicable . The principles of the electronic valve were applied to magnetic recording in the late 1920s , so the BBC used steel - tape recorders for repeating programmes for the Empire broadcasting service ( 21 ) . 20 Decca ffrr disc recorder . The world 's first machine capable of recording the full frequency range of the human ear . Most of the cutter comprised a powerful electromagnet , hanging over the turntable from the ceiling because of its weight . Other experimental systems followed . By 1982 , Sony 's system , using its U - Matic videocassettes for storing 16 - bit digital audio ( with a potential signal - to - noise ratio of some 96 decibels ) , had become an industry standard . Meanwhile , Philips in Holland had been pioneering the use of Laservision videodiscs , the least unsuccessful of several types of disc for carrying video films . These were played by a beam of laser light rather than a stylus , and Philips saw that combining digital audio with laser disc technology would be a great improvement upon the Dolby Cassette and the LP . The Compact Digital Disc ( CD ) came on the market in 1982 , and has now practically replaced the LP as a distribution medium . The next day Walter Miller of the Edison Company was asked whether all the musical records he sent would have the title on the end of the cylinder , as they had seen arranged at the laboratory the day before , to which he replied , Yes sir , they will be fixed up that way . However , it was not to be ; the Edison company preferred to market the phonograph as a dictation machine , and nearly a decade went by before cylinder moulding became a commercial reality . In the meantime , Berliner 's first disc records were made in Germany , and these definitely had labels of a sort ( 25 , 26 ) . The only doubt concerns the date ; it seems these early records could be from any year between 1889 and 1891 , so whether Edison or Berliner was actually first to make records with a label is open to debate . The conventional paper label was never possible on a cylinder , since there was insufficient flat space . When two labels were inserted in the press with their grains at right - angles , any tendency for the paper to distort in one direction in preference to the other was neutralized . 25 Berliner disc label . No paper label was used ; instead the information was engraved into the master - disc and reproduced on every copy together with the sound . The title is the very last word scratched on the master , in this case Loriley , a traditional German melody . 26 Berliner disc . No paper label was used ; instead the information was engraved into the master - disc and reproduced on every copy together with the sound . The title is the very last word scratched on the master , in this case Loriley , a traditional German melody . 26 Berliner disc . This was one of the first disc records to be marketed in Britain . It is five inches in diameter and single - sided , and comprises The Lord 's Prayer . The title is the very last word scratched on the master , in this case Loriley , a traditional German melody . 26 Berliner disc . This was one of the first disc records to be marketed in Britain . It is five inches in diameter and single - sided , and comprises The Lord 's Prayer . This was a popular title in the early talking - machine industry . The ends of cylinder boxes carried the nearest the cylinder format ever got to labels . 28 Paper labels for discs . The left - hand record carries an example of the first type of paper label for discs , introduced in 1901 . The right - hand record carries an early example of a red label . They sold for twice the price of a black label record . This was enforced by a system of adhesive stamps , the value of which was calculated to provide a royalty of five per cent of the retail cost of the record ( see 31c ) . The Act permitted such stamps to be affixed to the container , rather than the record itself ; this was the only practicable way with cylinders . But the Board of Trade had a great deal of latitude to vary the precise details of the arrangement , and insisted that , for discs , the records should bear the stamps , not the sleeves . As it was difficult to make stamps adhere to records without paper labels , by 1916 all disc companies were using them . 29 Ends of cylinder records , showing the lettering styles used by different manufacturers . It was normal practice for the trademark to occupy the upper half of the design , while the title and other details occupied the lower half . The exceptions are sufficiently rare to be worth a study on their own ; it was quite a challenge for designers to make effective use of a relatively small circular area with a hole in the middle . The challenge became even greater with the advent of 45rpm discs , which had to be provided with an optional centre no less than an inch and a half in diameter for quick - acting autochange and juke - box mechanisms . Designers therefore could not use the middle of the label to carry vital information . It is not so much the label which affects the collectability of early rock records , but the nature of this optional centre . The idea was to sit the listener in the middle of a square array of loudspeakers , so sound would come at him from all corners despite the fact that most live performances of music take place in front of the listener . Most consumers had bought stereo equipment by then , and equipment manufacturers saw quadraphony as a golden opportunity to cash in on sales of new records , pickups , amplifiers , and loudspeakers . Much effort was expended in squeezing four channels of sound onto an LP disc , and there were four incompatible systems , none of which worked very well . There seemed to be two areas of subject - matter where quadraphonics might have an artistic advantage , drama and wildlife recording , so it seemed very sensible when the first quadraphonic record of birdsong was announced . However , it was not possible to get any quadraphonic effect from the record , no matter which system was tried . However , it was not possible to get any quadraphonic effect from the record , no matter which system was tried . I later interviewed the bemused recordist , and established he had been given two portable stereo tape recorders , which he had laid on the ground pointing in opposite directions . The two unsynchronized tapes were then simply mixed together back at base before being transferred to disc . This explained why it had not been possible to get four separate channels of sound out of the record . 41 ( a and b ) Advertisements from 1925 . Another theory is that it was an engineering disaster ; several other Paris recordings from the period are thin and distorted . Rumours got around that a collector in Paris had one in a bank vault in the 1940s ; but this story was recently investigated , and was found to be based on a misunderstanding . A disc with a genuine de Reszke label is known , but it is attached to the wrong record ! A test - pressing also survives in which Jean de Reszke accompanies his wife Marie on the piano ( not very well , by all accounts ) . And the manager of the Metropolitan Opera House in New York , Lionel Mapleson ( 43 ) , attempted some phonograph cylinders of live performances involving artists like Jean de Reszke . Collectors would give anything for the chance to hear him project his art to us from the clarity of a recording studio . The BBC series Revolutions in Sound , broadcast in 1988 , gave great publicity to the possibility of these records existing , but nothing has so far turned up. Another disc which has vanished ( although many people actually remember it ) is a slow rhythm - and - blues number published in America in 1952 . It is Jubilee 5104 , Stormy Weather by the Five Sharps . The master was lost in a fire , no one can put their hands on a pressing , Jubilee does not even have a test copy , and nobody has a tape of it . Three factors ( size , speed , and groove - pitch ) might be manipulated to make long - playing records . And because discs were on the market for a longer time , and attracted more investment , there are a correspondingly large number of freaks around . Probably the first long - playing disc records were made by the Neophone Company of London in 1904 ; they were twenty inches in diameter . The recordings comprised uninterrupted performances of opera overtures , but they cost ten shillings and sixpence each , and needed an outsize turntable . So customers spent their money on twelve - inch discs instead , and in fact I have never seen a twenty - inch Neophone record . Probably the first long - playing disc records were made by the Neophone Company of London in 1904 ; they were twenty inches in diameter . The recordings comprised uninterrupted performances of opera overtures , but they cost ten shillings and sixpence each , and needed an outsize turntable . So customers spent their money on twelve - inch discs instead , and in fact I have never seen a twenty - inch Neophone record . The Marathon discs of 1912 ( 48 ) were made in the usual ten - inch and twelve - inch diameters , but with finer grooves . The idea was to record using hill - and - dale modulation , with the grooves packed closer together because there would be no risk of overlap . One twelve - inch Marathon record achieved a playing - time of more than 16 minutes , spread over two sides ; but customers had to change the soundbox of their record - players to cope with hill - and - dale grooves , and within a couple of years non - standardization had claimed another victim . 48 Advertisement for Marathon records . Thomas Edison saw that the public were deserting cylinder records for discs , so he announced his Diamond Disc Phonograph in 1911 , although it was not ready until 1913 . The new discs were also hill - and - dale , recorded with a relatively fine groove - pitch of 150 lines per inch , so a ten - inch side played rather longer than usual ( about five minutes ) . The grooves were U - bottomed with a radius of precisely 4.7 thousandths of an inch , and his reproducers were fitted with the very first diamond styli , of exactly this size for minimum wear and surface - noise . 48 Advertisement for Marathon records . Thomas Edison saw that the public were deserting cylinder records for discs , so he announced his Diamond Disc Phonograph in 1911 , although it was not ready until 1913 . The new discs were also hill - and - dale , recorded with a relatively fine groove - pitch of 150 lines per inch , so a ten - inch side played rather longer than usual ( about five minutes ) . The grooves were U - bottomed with a radius of precisely 4.7 thousandths of an inch , and his reproducers were fitted with the very first diamond styli , of exactly this size for minimum wear and surface - noise . But the grooves were very shallow by normal disc standards , and to reduce the chances of the stylus being thrown out of the groove , the records were made absolutely flat , and a full quarter of an inch thick so they would be sure to stay that way . 49 World record controller . This is the mechanism on the left of the picture . In this case , it has been fitted to an HMV Gramophone ; it controls the rotational speed of the disc so it runs slowly when the soundbox is at the outside edge , and allows the record to speed up towards the inner radius . The war also kept Edison 's Diamond Discs from Europe , so they are rather uncommon in Britain . But , being virtually indestructible , they do turn up , and they 're as well - recorded as his Blue Amberol cylinders . 50 A twenty - inch Path disc . This example plays for 3 minutes 10 seconds and weighs 2.2 kilograms . Another long - playing disc was the World Record , invented in 1922 by Noel Pemberton - Billing . The principle was as follows . At the outside edge of a twelve - inch 78rpm record , the groove travels under the stylus at about 47 inches per second . At the outside edge of a twelve - inch 78rpm record , the groove travels under the stylus at about 47 inches per second . At the end of the record , when the stylus is approaching the label , the groove is travelling at about twenty inches per second , yet the sound quality is very similar . Why not make the groove move at twenty inches per second throughout the whole disc ? This means starting the record at about 33rpm , and speeding it up gradually as the stylus travels in . Pemberton - Billing 's invention comprised an add - on governor mechanism which could be attached to a clockwork turntable to give this effect ( 49 ) , and a few dozen records were made which more than doubled the average playing - time . Alternatively , we could use an electronically - controlled variable - speed turntable , but we have no absolute way of knowing what the correct speed is . Fortunately World Records seem to have few important recordings on them . I wonder if Pemberton - Billing would be pleased if he could know that modern Laservision discs and Compact Digital Discs work on a similar principle , although starting in the middle and slowing down. On the new discs the material is recorded in batches called frames , and electronic circuitry counts the reproduced frames and controls the speed that way . 51 Doll 's House Disc . Fortunately World Records seem to have few important recordings on them . I wonder if Pemberton - Billing would be pleased if he could know that modern Laservision discs and Compact Digital Discs work on a similar principle , although starting in the middle and slowing down. On the new discs the material is recorded in batches called frames , and electronic circuitry counts the reproduced frames and controls the speed that way . 51 Doll 's House Disc . On this example , Peter Dawson 's rendition of God Save The King plays for 22 seconds . 52 Gramophone with Auxetophone attachment . This model has a hand - pump for the amplifier . Since the turntable had a clockwork winding mechanism and the air - pump demanded continuous cranking while the disc played , you had to be fit to play a record ! The Auxetophone also permitted the first disc - copying to take place . It was impossible to transfer sound waves mechanically from one flat disc to another without getting into geometrical difficulties , and an ordinary gramophone was not loud enough to be put in front of an acoustic recording horn . This model has a hand - pump for the amplifier . Since the turntable had a clockwork winding mechanism and the air - pump demanded continuous cranking while the disc played , you had to be fit to play a record ! The Auxetophone also permitted the first disc - copying to take place . It was impossible to transfer sound waves mechanically from one flat disc to another without getting into geometrical difficulties , and an ordinary gramophone was not loud enough to be put in front of an acoustic recording horn . But an Auxetophone was ; and although the resulting records had a very poor frequency range , it was good enough for the voice of the quail . Since the turntable had a clockwork winding mechanism and the air - pump demanded continuous cranking while the disc played , you had to be fit to play a record ! The Auxetophone also permitted the first disc - copying to take place . It was impossible to transfer sound waves mechanically from one flat disc to another without getting into geometrical difficulties , and an ordinary gramophone was not loud enough to be put in front of an acoustic recording horn . But an Auxetophone was ; and although the resulting records had a very poor frequency range , it was good enough for the voice of the quail . Quail - hunting was a popular sport in Italy . A relatively thin piece of cardboard more like thick paper , really was coated on one side with a material called Durium . Because it was single - sided , the groove pitch was doubled to allow two numbers on each disc . The same company also made a French language course and many advertising mini - discs . Despite their apparent fragility , there are lots of examples surviving today , and collectors were genuinely sorry when the series came to a halt after only forty - two weeks . Durium records probably came nearest to making sound recordings really accessible to the masses , forming a gramophonic equivalent of the paper - backed book . As we saw earlier , discs permitted simple and cheap record - players ; but the advantage was lost if the record - players had to have sapphire or diamond points made out of precious gems . So steel needles were often used instead . To make the needle fit the groove , the disc contained abrasive material , so the tip would be ground down during the first two or three revolutions . This system remained until polyvinyl chloride records began to appear . Vinyl was much more expensive . After the war , unfilled vinyl was used because it had much less surface noise , and a few sets of unfilled vinyl 78s were made for early hi - fi buffs . But it was not until the development of the LP that the cost could be absorbed for the everyday consumer , because an LP could hold five times as much material . The shellac record disappeared about 1960 , and nowadays all disc records are unbreakable by comparison . One cannot help wondering what future generations will think of our freaks and follies . As this book was going to press , an anonymous correspondent of The Weekend Telegraph wrote concerning the pop group House Of Love , whose single Shine On had been re - recorded . The main symptom is short - term memory loss , which includes repetition of statements and actions . In fact it 's not that the memory is lost , so much as the person ca n't get out the facts which are stored in the memory . It 's rather like a computer when the disc goes wrong you know the info is there but you ca n't tap into it . Reality Orientation activities ( see below ) are helpful to keep the brain working any activity which uses the mind is important . Care assistant Particular strengths in the collection at Jordanstown include materials to support American and Women 's studies and also UK , USA and Irish radical newspapers and periodicals on microfilm . There is a good Irish collection at Magee College , and Belfast has strong collections on art and design , including exhibition catalogues . Other forms of recorded knowledge , such as microfilm , tape and disc recordings , film strips , slides and videotapes are kept in the library . In particular , there are significant microfilm collections at Jordanstown and Coleraine and 30,000 slides at Belfast . A modern library makes extensive use of information technology and it is frequently the case that students are tentative in making full use of such technology or are unaware of the wide range of services available . Particular strengths in the collection at Jordanstown include materials to support American and Women 's Studies and also UK , USA and Irish radical newspapers and periodicals on microfilm . There is a good Irish collection at Magee College , and Belfast has strong collections on art and design , including exhibition catalogues . Other forms of recorded knowledge , such as microfilm , tape and disc recordings , film strips , slides and videotapes are kept in the library . In particular , there are significant microfilm collections at Jordanstown and Coleraine and 30,000 slides at Belfast . A modern library makes extensive use of information technology and it is frequently the case that students are tentative in making full use of such technology or are unaware of the wide range of services available . Video - recording can be used , as with films , to create an atmosphere of reality and convey moving images , but these are requirements seldom met with in library instruction . Short video - recorded programmes might well be used to illustrate lectures , as a means of creating interest . Video - recording can make use of tape , film or discs for the actual storage of the recorded material . One of the problems facing libraries in the use of video material has been the lack of standardization between different systems . It would appear that cassette systems are easier to use , as audio - cassettes , in library education . All might still have been well were it not for the rupture - discs on the vents above the reactor . Moeri considered these discs unnecessary for his low - pressure reaction , but he says Givaudan insisted on them because they were fashionable on all their equipment at the time . Rupture - discs , however , simply open and let all the pressure escape . If proper security valves , which close after initial pressure is dissipated , had been used the pollution would have been much less , says Moeri . Moeri 's account of the accident could have a profound effect on the defence the company makes at the trial , which resumes on 11 May . IRIS contains some 150 pages of information covering weather , agriculture markets prices , television schedules and a continuously updated news service staffed by CBC editors . Microfirms jockey for a hit disc INDUSTRIAL wrangling over a new type of small floppy disc for storing data is holding up the development of useful portable computers . At least six types of microfloppy , as the discs are called , of varying size and format are competing for the market . One thing the microfloppies have in common is the fact that they are all under 10 cm in diameter , making them better suited for briefcase - size computers than the existing 5¼ ; - inch ( 125 cm ) and 8 - inch ( 20 cm ) diameter floppy discs . Microfirms jockey for a hit disc INDUSTRIAL wrangling over a new type of small floppy disc for storing data is holding up the development of useful portable computers . At least six types of microfloppy , as the discs are called , of varying size and format are competing for the market . One thing the microfloppies have in common is the fact that they are all under 10 cm in diameter , making them better suited for briefcase - size computers than the existing 5¼ ; - inch ( 125 cm ) and 8 - inch ( 20 cm ) diameter floppy discs . There the similarity ends . Sony , which has been furiously lobbying standards organisations and other makers of disc drives ( the machinery that plays the discs ) to accept its design , makes a 3 - inch ( 72 cm ) disc encased in a hard plastic cover . Hitachi , with its partners Maxwell and Matsushita , has come up with a disc the same size , while a third combine headed by Seagate has opted for 3¼ ; inch ( 78 cm ) in an attempt to head off the Japanese competition . Up to now the Japanese have not been leaders in disc design . From behind the Iron Curtain , a Hungarian firm called Budapest Radio Engineering has produced a 3 - inch ( 7.2 cm ) microfloppy encased in a traditional cardboard cover . The drive for this disc is cheaper than the others at 150 . Up to now the Japanese have not been leaders in disc design . From behind the Iron Curtain , a Hungarian firm called Budapest Radio Engineering has produced a 3 - inch ( 7.2 cm ) microfloppy encased in a traditional cardboard cover . The drive for this disc is cheaper than the others at 150 . This disc is being sold in Britain , but it seems unlikely to win favour amongst large microcomputer manufacturers . Sinclair Research has promised to produce a small magnetic storage unit for its Spectrum computer . From behind the Iron Curtain , a Hungarian firm called Budapest Radio Engineering has produced a 3 - inch ( 7.2 cm ) microfloppy encased in a traditional cardboard cover . The drive for this disc is cheaper than the others at 150 . This disc is being sold in Britain , but it seems unlikely to win favour amongst large microcomputer manufacturers . Sinclair Research has promised to produce a small magnetic storage unit for its Spectrum computer . The device is called the Microdrive , but it has yet to go on sale , and in any case will be based on a tape rather than a disc . " It is an odd book , strangely comforting in its assurance that what we think of when we summon up an image of the West is not just the invention of Hollywood . machines can record images A television displays images with sounds He maintains his innocence and has started a new financial advisory firm. KATHY M. KRISTOF California 's image as a pacesetter held up fairly well in the 1980s in the world of business and economics . But the pair will harden as they walk through the land ; the narrator will grow lean and brown , his mystical images will recede and he will substitute knowledge , love and fellowship for them . For many of the decades he was around one was barely aware of him. His image lacked the dramatic presence of the volcanic Picasso , the bear - like charm of David Smith or the trendiness and wit of Claes Oldenburg . If they get them black enough , the images are plugged up in the shadows so you can never see any detail . Coordinating producer David Williger said any image changes will be subtle , if detectable . Since then , he has produced another painting series , " Show of Hands , " which sounds somewhat gimmicky - - big images of the artist 's hand are superimposed over landscape views - - but which may have been more impressive in person . " Asked if his position conflicts with his law - and - order image , Rouzan said : " If you look at my track record carefully , it would show that I 've always been very lenient on the first offense . And diversification is not all bad these days. " Nonetheless , Ford 's image was badly damaged by the Sgt. York , the Army anti - aircraft gun that turned on spectators at a demonstration several years ago. That program was canceled after Ford had run up losses estimated later at $ 200 million and encountered unending criticism . " That ain't image , that 's real life - - and that is what the Rolling Stones have always been about . The brown in Wal - Mart 's logo conveys " a warmer invitation " to shoppers , says Clive Chajet , chairman and chief executive of Lippincott & Margulies Inc. , an image consultant in New York . But that involves little new technology , and the announcement seems to be mainly designed to emphasize that Unisys plans to apply image - processing technology in numerous areas . If you want to improve your image then you should wear nice clothes And Mr. Shultz curtly told Mr. Abrams that the general should be told that only he could repair his tarnished image . Mindful that voters are becoming increasingly cynical about their representatives - - a recent Times poll found that a majority of voters think it is commonplace for lawmakers to take bribes - - legislators for the past year have been debating various ethics proposals designed to improve their tarnished image . During Saturday 's three - hour wrap - up of the unprecedented gathering of press secretaries from six past administrations , stretching from Kennedy through Reagan , the former spokesmen discussed their successes and failures at image management with about a dozen professors , journalists and former White House officials . " He says it 's important for a new make to be as distinctive as possible while still retaining links to the parent company 's quality image . This ministry has done nothing to correct the misunderstandings and misperceptions that are at the root of Japan 's deteriorating image . Along with his own simply lettered " message " paintings , Masullo obsessively displays as his art an eclectic collection of scavenged images , framed and hung meticulously on the walls a la Allan McCollum . They , too , cultivated a public image as the " perfect couple . It recently published an extensive article on a New York City trial concerning an early Bob Marley publishing deal that brought to light the occasional use of strong - arm tactics by the late reggae giant and his friends that run counter to his heroic public image . Nor did Smith pause in his contrast of Carter and Reagan to point out that Carter 's reliance on facts in his speeches failed for the same reason Reagan 's image - building succeeded : The public would rather be entertained than confronted with unengaging facts . Like Aerosmith , Motley Crue is a more entertaining group live now that it is focusing on the music rather than partially hiding behind an image . " Strident activism hardly squared with the image of Moral Majority that Mr. Falwell had wanted to project , that of an increasingly sophisticated group of well - mannered , church - going middle - class citizens . " I make a point of trying not to see roles that I will probably do because I do n't want any other images in my mind . You can record and play images on a videotape When you produce an image or text on paper you do the following : 1 . use a tool to mark the paper , 2 . practice the words or drawing , 3 . find a piece of paper , 4 . think about the image or words you want to put on the paper , 5 . decide on the tool you will use to make the paper Many images can be printed , such as different people around the world . spatial concept : purple circle bouncing out of an image of a blue hollow cube Among Johnson 's heavily advertised products are Glade air freshener and Raid and Off insect sprays - - and Priemer said killing bugs does n't require the company to maintain a family image . water reflects images like a mirror It 's not that he won Kentucky Derbies 31 years apart or that he rode for as long as he did , it 's that he maintained the image of a decent , honest , kind human being who is almost the same quiet , almost shy and uncomplicated person he was when he got out of the shoe box . Several sources in town tell us that calls have recently been placed by a GM rep to find a PR firm willing to consider a campaign to offset the unflattering image of Smith and GM in the Warner Bros. documentary " Roger & ; Me . All told , it seems , Mr. Anders should have little trouble maintaining the clean - cut image Mr. Pace has fostered since his arrival at General Dynamics from TRW Inc . The idea is to build up corporate images and familiarize Soviets with the types of products they can expect from President Mikhail S. Gorbachev 's consumer - oriented reforms . " Bush added a touch of steel to the gentle image he sought to convey , much as he had in the acceptance speech when he made his " read my lips " not to raise taxes . Using reduced instruction - set computing , or RISC , chips made by Intergraph of Huntsville , Ala. , the system splits the image it " sees " into 20 digital representations , each processed by one chip . Nathanson added that networks that do n't feature one of the highly rated tabloid shows have a vested interest in tarnishing the image of their competitors . FILM'S PERFECT SYMBOL - - Charles Champlin observes that Ava Gardner was the ideal image of the Hollywood dream factory at work . The Merc 's image as the leading innovator among U.S. exchanges could also be tarnished if Globex 's expansion is hamstrung for months by Japanese officials . Technology also gets its due , with exhibits that show the talent of costumers , cinematographers , set designers , special - effects people and the scientists who brought us the technology of the moving image in the first place . A magnifying glass can make images seem larger ACQUISITION : Young & Rubicam , New York , acquired Landor Associates , a San Francisco - based identity management firm that helps companies manage their corporate and brand images . Norris said $ 1 billion has been invested in the two satellites scheduled to be shut down. EOSAT has struggled financially in recent years , however , facing strong competition from the French SPOT - Image satellite system and also the possibility of civilian sales of Earth - sensing satellite images by the Soviet Union . Unfortunately , the debate about how to manage growth often invokes images of a quaint , pre - automotive urban form that was never representative of life in Los Angeles , offers no satisfaction to modern households and would require an incredible diversion of resources to create . producing an image or text on paper is for publishing information " When the subject turned to the traditional derogatory image of taxi drivers , one especially linked to the street - hard New York City cabbie , Giannicchi sounded both disgusted and dismayed . " " I want to change the image of our city , " Bowne said . And Long Beach business leaders , hungry for tourist dollars and a livelier image , are urging the city to " bend over backward " to woo Disney . While photographers used to print as many as 50 to 100 images of a given print , today 's photographers have tried to limit their prints to the lower numbers common to lithographs and other original prints so as to reassure buyers that they 're getting something relatively rare . improving your image is for getting a better boyfriend . If you want to produce an image or text on paper then you should print it The statement " Photography is the art or process of producing images on light - sensitive surfaces . " is true because a photograph is a recording made by exposing a light sensitive surface to an image . Photography is the process of producing photographs A growing number of Asian - Americans like her contend that they are victims of systematic discrimination arising , ironically , from the popular image of Asian - Americans as a model minority . " The ex - secretary says she was able to change her professional caste and transform her image by " studying and imitating everything I could , including upper - echelon style . For a new image , some marketing specialists suggest a shift to how - to primers and honest admissions that the stock market has been a terrifying place lately . Free of having to deal constantly with regulators , and blessed with Bass ' deep financial resources , Antoci moved swiftly to eliminate unneeded branches and operations while restoring American 's public image . Some Panamanians say the term is meant to suggest an empty bottle , something that has outlived its usefulness ; others say it stems from the image of a bum drinking booze from a bottle instead of working . If you want to produce an image or text on paper then you should get a pencil Until recently , Adobe had a lock on the market for image software , but last month Apple , Adobe 's biggest customer , and Microsoft rebelled . But it would enhance the city 's image as big league in a way that football never could . One of the nice aspects about inclement weather and football is the look it gives the images . a photo camera registers instant images An assemblage from 1970 by Noah Purifoy suggests him to be under the influence of funk , while Floyd Coleman 's mixed media works from the early '70s combining bold Pop motifs with African patterning bring to mind the hallucinatory writings of African author Amos Tutuola ; Coleman 's images are ripe with the pungent perfume of a shaman 's juju . producing an image or text on paper is for making a book Once the Florida - Florida State games began , Moore said , " our image picked up . A camera records an image . Edgerton 's revolutionary work in the use of strobe lights captured images long hidden to the naked eye . improving your image is for getting a better job . still water can reflect an image Hightower , who cultivates a populist image and was reelected to a second term two years ago from a largely urban power base , said the European ban was not the work of " a group of hippies " but rather reflects " a clear trend among consumers who are concerned about food . Cowpokes call it tumbleweed , and as such it evokes romantic images of the unspoiled West . But many legislators talked freely of their frustration with trying to clean up an image that has been severely tarnished by continuing scandal , including a lingering FBI investigation into Capitol political corruption and a widely publicized trial of a state senator on charges of extorting bribes and laundering money . " Meanwhile , in the 30 markets where the car will debut , Infiniti will air local commercials that end with a grainy , shadowy image of the Q45 in the background . Assertions about Catherine Havasi are of very little interest to most people . Something that might happen when you pay by credit card is you will be charged interest . watching a movie requires vision and interest people watch the stars with an interest One of the things you do when you attend a lecture is In the long run , these questions are probably going to be of more interest to social scientics and psychologists than AI experts . committing to memory requires a strong interest in the subject . Credit accounts charge interest . interest would make you want to attend a lecture interest in a subject would make you want to attend a lecture When you read a newspaper you do the following : 1 . Carefully read the articles of interest . , 2 . Scan the other parts of the paper for content which interests me most . , 3 . Separate the sections of the newspaper , 4 . Set the boring sections aside . , 5 . Identify the sections that interest me . If you want to visit a museum then you should look up a museum with items that interest you dollars are a form of money , which can be invested to earn interest The statement " When you institute a civil action you do the following : 1 . go to court , 2 . get an attorney , 3 . call a lawyer , 4 . sue " helps answer the question " Civil actions are lawsuits to protect the minority interests . " The statement " MIT has a badminton club . " is true because Students often form common - interest clubs . visiting a museum requires interest in the subject The statement " Credit accounts charge interest . " helps answer the question " What is a loan ? " The statement " I can fancy you " is true because you have human interest when people pay by visa , a certain percent goes for interest . Self - interest leads the individual to question how a change will affect him\her in terms of benefits and costs . It is human nature to lose interest and give up if short term goals are not set and recognised upon successful completion . If before you buy something you save your money , then afterwards you wont have to pay interest . Somewhere something can be is behind a firewall , unreachable by employees who have the company 's best interests at heart If you want to read the news then you should first learn to read , then take an interest in the world around you , then do something of value for a corporation which give you money ( something of value ) in exchange . Then you should go to the news stand and buy a newspaper . Or you could point your computer at http : \\cnn.com and read the news there . your credit is one of your interests . People often study things they have a strong interest in . If you want to plan a vacation then you should consider your interests In the event " Alphaland sent troops to invade Betaslavia . " , something that changed was Alphaland felt that its interests were endangered by Betaslavia . The story " Smoking " has the step " Therefore , in the interest of public health , nicotine should also be outlawed in Australia . " Accumulation is the continual increase of principal by the re - investment of interest . The statement " Someone can borrow money from a bank " is true because banks are in the business of lending money at interest . Taxes must also be paid on other money earned , such as investment dividends or interest on a bank account . The effect of seeing something new is interest . organisms do what is in the interest of the survival of their shared characteristics : that what makes them celebrate are those characteristics which will contribute to the survival of the species as a whole finding mutual interests helps people be friends Something that might happen as a consequence of seeing artifacts is an interest in archaeology . We use soft furnishings to add visual interest to our homes . money can gain interest You would meet interesting people because you have an interest in their specific area of expertise the interest earned on savings you have in term deposit can earn you extra money An interest in art would make you want to visit a museum If you want to have fun then you should do something that interests you . interest would make you want to see a particular program when you pay off a loan , part of the payment covers interest lenders impose interest charges The statement " Some believe perjury will protect their interests " helps answer the question " Why deceive ? " Credit cards charge interest for using them The story " Writing A Program " has the step " I slowly lost interest in finishing the program " The story " Getting Some Money From Someone " has the step " The lawyer suggests to me that it is in my best interest to go along with a plea bargain " Humans do n't always operate in their best interests . a lender can demand interest from a debtor taking a course is for meeting others with like interests Sometimes taking a break causes you to lose interest in what you were doing . Money in the bank can gain interest . You would enjoy the company of your friends because you have mutual interests But you must be careful to pay your credit card bill in full each month , otherwise the interest charged to you is very steep . If you really want a new car , save the money first then buy the car . Unpaid credit cards with large balances can cost you hundreds of dollars in interest and late fees . Government develops its own interests at the expense of what opposes it . an overdrawn bank account incurs interest and fees paying cash is for not accumulating interest on your credit card . joining the army is for protecting your country 's interests . You would pay cash because you want to avoid paying interest charges . The failure to learn is often mistakenly attributed to laziness , lack of interest , poor attitude , a learning disability or poor teaching . Usually , if you buy something with multiple payments , they add on interest The statement " If you want to go to a play then you should take an interest in drama . " helps answer the question " Where is drama used ? " Something that might happen when you surf the web is discovering new interests a person wants to satisfy their self - interests . It 's important that we not stereotype and constrain our children 's interests based on customary gender distinctions . The amount of interest you pay on a loan depends on the rates Piggy banks provide no interest . paying cash is for people who want to avoid paying interest . An interest in ancient history would make you want to see artifacts If you buy on credit you have to pay interest reading the news requires an interest in it a creditor will charge interest on a debt The statement " a clavichord is for historical interest " is true because Clavichord is rarely played today . Something you find at a museum is something of high interest or value Something you might do while surfing the net is linger at a site that interests you Mr. Kissinger 's interests include a limited partnership called China Ventures . It 's hard to tell at times where such cultural activities end and Mr. Kissinger 's business interests begin . Mr. Kissinger adds that his public comments about China represent his sense of what is best for the U.S. national interest . " His sense is that you have to be restrained in intervening with the internal affairs of another country , and you also have to be aware of long - term geopolitical interests that may be at risk , " says Winston Lord , a former Kissinger protege who was ambassador to China from 1985 to 1989 . Mr. Lord adds that although he does n't fully share Mr. Kissinger 's sympathy for the Deng regime , he is convinced that Mr. Kissinger 's views are n't influenced by money : " If he did n't have a cent of commercial interest in China , he would have taken the same position . Earlier this month , Van Kampen Merritt , an investment banking unit of Xerox Corp. , announced a bid to buy Syncor 's for about $ 81.8 million , but it dropped the bid due to Syncor 's lack of interest . Other properties include the company 's entire oil - and - gas assets in Dubai , Gabon and Italy plus certain interests in Ecuador , Columbia and Indonesia . Alpine Group Inc. , aiming to cut interest costs , will offer a package of cash and securities for its $ 43.7 million debt outstanding . Alpine would save some $ 2 million a year in interest costs if 80 % of debentures are exchanged and $ 2.5 million if 100 % are exchanged , said Steven S. Elbaum , chairman and chief executive officer . The revision reflects a slight widening of Britain 's trade surplus in services , particularly in tourism , and a narrowing of the surplus in interest , profits and dividends . The companies which opt to be traded OTC will raise funds directly from the capital market , bypassing high - interest bank loans , as well as red tape . Congress President Jerome Kenyon said Federated and Allied are n't behind in their bills , but he said Congress was " concerned that Campeau would n't be able to meet their interest payments . A tenth of a second it was not. " Referee Paul Mihalik said , " It was a judgment call . " Contracting scandals and bad cost judgments have combined with a shrinking Pentagon budget to turn the defense stocks into market pariahs . " In my professional judgment , Col. Montgomery has too often infringed on the common practice of good journalism , " Foisie wrote . The confrontation should be seen from a distance , with the audience as outside observers able to develop judgments without feeling too involved . " Instead of offering portentous judgments about Jackie 's blithe , superficial spirit , though , Carpenter suggests that in some ways it helps her fill the " big empty space " she feels " between housewife and grandmother " and encourages her to accept others more readily than she accepts herself . " How can readers of The Times who are looking for guidance on what films to see rely on the judgment of a group of critics whose taste in films range from the totally obscure ( " Heimat " ) to the utterly strange ( " Blue Velvet " ) ? In response to Times inquiries , he said Monday : " Three years ago in the space of a single hour I made a mistake in judgment . Steinke might have passed judgment on Emily through her 16 - year - old son Eddie , but he never resolves his feelings about her life - style , vociferously defending her against her ex - lovers at one point ( " She 's better than all of you ! But the judge took aim at the clerk 's office for " an error in judgment " in not accepting signatures ultimately found to be valid on Kayser 's nominating petitions . " Quite frankly , I think he 's shown some good judgment . Under the change , which the pilots ' group says was quietly instituted by the FAA , the controller " can now let aircraft get as close as he wants , as long as in his judgment they will not collide , " according to Capt. Henry Duffy , president of the U.S. Air Line Pilots Assn. , which is associated with the international group . Dozens of companies this year are joining the list of firms that last year began seeking shareholder approvals for provisions that indemnify directors and possibly other employees from monetary damages where judgment errors may have led to a loss of shareholder value , according to William M. Mercer Meidinger Hansen . " He considers the taking of outside employment to be his error in judgment because of the perception that it created - - not because of his actions , " Gage said . Even when doctors perform competently , if they fail to establish a rapport or make sure a patient has realistic expectations , they can find themselves defendants in a malpractice case and vulnerable to a judgment , insurance executives say . Maurice Cohen , whose family 's Studio City company plans a three - story , 48,000 - square - foot office building on the site of the former Mercedes - Benz dealership , said , " I believe he is doing this - - and using very poor judgment to use other people 's culture and heritage - - as a means of getting his point through . ) complained that the Senate had " rushed to judgment " on Cheney after the dispute over Tower and with a two - week recess looming . " " I do not agree with the extreme judgments that the party is nearly losing its position in the country or that it has turned into a debating society , " he said . " - - Entertainer Wayne Newton , explaining his call to a " casual " acquaintance , a crime figure , to look into death threats against Newton 's daughter after Newton said law enforcement could not help him. Newton announced in Los Angeles that he will accept a $ 5.3 - million libel judgment stemming from a report alleging that he had organized crime ties . Sloan - Kettering undoubtedly says that his judgment is faulty and that he ceased to be an effective spokesman for cancer research . The officials of the NCAA should be subject to the same scrutiny and virulent judgment that they parcel out - - and heading the inquisition should be Jerry Tarkanian , Neil McCarthy and Joe Harrington . That judgment prohibits the dealership from engaging in numerous misleading practices , including deceptive advertising . He did not , as he did on Wednesday , characterize such jobs as an " error in judgment . An NBC attorney attempted Friday to persuade federal appeals court judges in Pasadena to strike down the largest libel verdict against an American news organization - - a $ 5.3 - million judgment that the network defamed singer Wayne Newton in newscasts that linked him to organized crime figures . In one case , lawyer Stephen Yagman , the police gadfly who recently won a judgment against Chief Gates , witnessed an arrest Grobeson and other officers made on the Venice boardwalk and wrote a rare letter of praise . By a 62 % - 29 % margin , a majority of those polled faulted Bush 's judgment in naming Tower to the top Pentagon post . Under { RICO } , the government may seek a temporary restraining order ( TRO ) upon the filing of a RICO indictment , in order to preserve all forfeitable assets until the trial is completed and judgment entered . Significantly , the Soviet press did not register any judgment , positive or negative , about the conclusion of the Polish talks . Such questions are monitored regularly by IRS regional managers , who listen in on random assistance calls , taking notes and making judgments that might result in discussions with the individual assistor , a general tip to all local assistors , or required training sessions . The council decided not to provide the requested case - by - case breakdown but compromised by agreeing to send information on settlements and judgments involving all city departments , including police , when amounts exceed $ 25,000 . She is returning to court next month because she claims that the Hubers have paid only $ 750 of the court - ordered judgment against them . Mono County Supervisor Bill Reid , a retired California Highway Patrol officer who owns a Bridgeport bar and restaurant , said he is withholding judgment . " I owe John Tower ; I owe John Tower the same fairness and judgment he used 22 years ago , " he said . " Yet the whole world 's future hangs on a proper judgment , hangs on the realization of the American people of what can best be done , of what must be done . Caller Not Injured The caller was not injured , but sheriff 's officials acknowledged that he was a victim of human error - - the deputy made a snap judgment that 911 operators are trained not to make . The FAA is seeking detectors that require little human judgment to find explosives . " For several years , the Joint Chiefs of Staff have been testifying that the military risk is in their judgment too high , " said Crowe , the nation 's senior uniformed officer . Specifically , Orange County residents said they believe officers exercise good judgment , do not push people around and are prompt in answering calls for service . Now the taxpayers must pay for this by the lost dollars in property and licensing taxes , as well as the cost of defending a $ 100 - million lawsuit and the exposure of a $ 100 - million - plus judgment which they will ultimately have to pay . Defense Secretary Dick Cheney , responding to the GAO report , said he would " reserve judgment " until further investigation . " Small Claims Rulings Liou received a small claims judgment for her deposit in Pomona Municipal Court last October . All we can do is wonder about Ruby 's judgment , since Quattro plays Sam as a borderline nut case . In one story , Fiore wrote that " many reporters " saw continuing charges by parents of widespread child molestations in the South Bay as " one of several desperate attempts to keep alive in the media allegations that have died in the courtroom " - - a premature judgment at best since the preliminary hearing was n't even over yet . Seapointe " hired what they felt was an expert to transact their business and they relied totally upon their judgment , " recalled Davis . Perhaps it was inevitable that when Updike came to try his hand at autobiographical sketching , after so much fictionalizing of his life , he would offer a candid judgment on the effort . The panel wanted a list of all police - related settlements and judgments . To settle the complaint , the Bureau of Securities said , Mr. Davis accepted a consent judgment permanently enjoining him from the securities business in New Jersey . " But we will make a legal judgment . " That the Super Bowl is played on neutral grounds is , in Carson 's judgment , a major asset to a championship event . " Henry Kaufman , general counsel of the Libel Defense Resource Center , a media - sponsored clearinghouse in New York , said only two libel judgments of more than $ 1 million have been affirmed on appeal . This is n't an issue of judgment or ethics but of criminal conduct by a member of Congress . " His error in judgment was not in the removing of birds and rabbits on the center , but in how he accomplished that removal . " I would say in my opinion there was a lapse of judgment , " Vasquez said , " because I feel it is very important to strive to preserve a level confidence that is essential in public office . A retired judge Tuesday recommended a $ 30 - million increase in his $ 85.2 - million judgment against Amoco Corp. for oil - spill damage from the 1978 wreck of a supertanker off the French coast . Then , after an exchange of correspondence between her department and Collis , she indicated that in some cases she might make a collective judgment based on all of a company 's lines affected by Proposition 103 . Chris Peditto is fine as the passive Horace , irresistibly drawn to Baby Jane but hampered by his own inability to act on his better judgment . Time 's letter said the media giant had taken a new , detailed look at its decision to buy Warner " that completely reconfirms our judgment that acquiring Warner is the optimum means to implement our long - term strategy . Another quotation , from Father Thomas Reese , that " bishops are not liberal Democrats - - they are coming out of a Christian perspective " is the right judgment in this question . " One reason General Motors and other major advertisers are reluctant to appear within reality - based syndicated shows , according to Antoniello , is the difficulty in obtaining copies of episodes far enough in advance to make judgments about their content . Although it was not known if there was enough of either chemical to impair Anderson 's judgment , Wilcox said , it is a violation of federal rules for a pilot to fly a plane with any amount of those chemicals in the blood . The California Lottery lost a court bid today to overturn a $ 3.4 - million judgment awarded to a Los Angeles woman who was denied a $ 3 - million lottery prize when her ball bounced out of its slot in a Big Spin game . Insurance Commissioner Roxani Gillespie said Monday she will try to prevent insurance companies ' costs for political contributions , bad - faith judgments , institutional advertising , fines and penalties from being passed on to consumers in higher rates . " In the case of AMC , this suspension of normal business judgment nearly resulted in the demise of Beijing Jeep . .has the poorest 12 22 17 judgment If the Demorcatic Primary for governor were being held today , for whom would you vote . When the issues immersed in the judgment are emotional and controversial , time bears an important role in determining when best to approach the topic again . " I really have no judgment . Closing down the losers and continuing to finance the potential winners requires tough judgments about what will be a winner or a loser , often in highly uncertain situations . " County Supervisor Harriett M. Wieder , herself a former Huntington Beach mayor , said the spill " was Tom 's first test " as a new mayor and that , in her judgment , " he demonstrated leadership . By comparison , in his judgment , the area where the proposed golf course would be built is as barren as the moon , he said . In court , the young men signed a judgment promising to pay $ 3,181 in back rent . Hopes China Reforms Succeed " I would not take upon myself the responsibility or the role to pass judgment , and I would not seek to assess what is going on in this country , " he said of the crisis here . " He said , " I do n't want to pass judgment on individual leaders , but I want to make very clear to those leaders and to the rest of the world that the United States denounces the kind of brutality that all of us have seen on our television . World Travel Watch is a monthly report designed to help you make informed judgments about travel throughout the world . Here you need to exercise judgment . However , critics of the Weekly argue that the newspaper 's politics have colored its judgment and limited its impact . " It has never been called to Wilson Ford 's attention that it was not complying with the judgment , " Mintz said . Eubanks , as is his wont , displayed chops to spare ; in fact , his technique sometimes tends to get the better of him. Though it may seem unfair to make a comparative judgment , it is true that his current album , using various groupings from solo to trio to quintet , and with sometimes valuable vocal effects , makes the same material sound quite appealing at times . She is lacking somewhat in self - confidence , and somewhat more in humor ; she makes occasional faulty judgments , and becomes , often , extremely confused ; she desperately wants to do the moral thing . Carrigan could not go to visit his old friend in the hospital because he was also sitting in judgment of a case involving the ailing man. Ever since , he said , " I 've felt guilty . But did they read enough to affect their judgment ? " I called the mother and apologized and told her that he would never be at Andasol again , " said Kuhn , who called the punishment used by Smith " terrible judgment . The justices are still considering the church 's appeal of that judgment . " Other people 's judgments come later , when the work is finished . Wehrli 's headlong plummet into radical , nonsensical politics has dealt a fatal blow to her perspective and good judgment . Sometimes the death of a loved one triggers depression and a person 's judgment may come into question . In my judgment , the new party ca n't be Communist . " Though opposed to a strict ban on sales , Romero said his organization would favor creation of a central data bank to which gun dealers could have access by computer to check backgrounds of assault weapon buyers . But , of course , the driving force in the food - scare movement consists of the hundreds of organizations that bill themselves as " environmentalist . Some of Sheldon 's critics believe that his claims about the size of his organization are exaggerated , but he was actively involved in passage of a ballot measure that stripped homosexuals of protections under Irvine 's anti - discrimination ordinance . Early this year , the organization will launch a $ 2.5 - million fund drive to help finance construction of a larger permanent POW museum in Andersonville . " All the civic organizations met here , and a lot of people stopped on their way from Los Angeles to the Del Mar race track . organization requires preparedness A spokesman said condolence calls can be made Monday and Tuesday between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m. at the consulate , Suite 1200 in the Sumitomo Bank Building , 250 E. 1st St. Officials of other large organizations had no immediate plans to mark the emperor 's death . In the city of Medellin , shut out of " The Gray Dames , " a traditional ladies ' charity organization , the narcos ' wives have formed their own , headed by capo Pablo Escobar 's mother . " For the most part , though , North County government leaders are inundated with facts from organizations on both sides of the merger question , and few local politicians know what to believe . The battle has turned into a civil war at some firms and organizations , causing internal contradictions and pitting employee against employee . ( The organization 's average weekly attendance is 600,000 , according to a company representative . Many Japanese think it only natural that the organizations or their members would donate to politicians , the way many Japanese do , to win favor or support . " Martinez said his group and other migrant - advocacy organizations will be prepared to take the battle to court if the city passes an ordinance making it illegal for migrants to solicit work on city streets . " As a police helicopter circled overhead , Mr. Sisulu repeated the ANC 's demands on the government to create a climate for negotiations : Release all political prisoners unconditionally ; lift all bans and restrictions on individuals and organizations ; remove all troops from the black townships ; end the state of emergency , and cease all political trials and political executions . Although he proudly points to his own organization as a bastion of frugality and strict financial accountability , TBN is ineligible for membership in either the voluntary Evangelical Council for Financial Accountability or the National Religious Broadcasters . " A few computer hobbyists have begun exchanging messages via the teleport , but most of its users are companies and other organizations . Student organizations of the Claremont Colleges will sponsor a commemorative ceremony Monday at noon in the McKenna Auditorium on the Claremont McKenna College campus in Claremont . ( For example , the organizations that are overlooked in L.A. include Minority AIDS Project , the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power ( ACT UP ) , the Women 's AIDS Project and Being Alive : a Person with AIDS Action Coalition ) . They helped arrange for me to play a performance in Washington with President Bush in the audience , Jan. 22 at the Willard Hotel , for the Libertad organization , with Charlton Heston emceeing . Under terms of the agreement , Cooper River Federal will convert from a mutual to a stock form of organization , while simultaneously merging into South Carolina Federal Savings Bank , a subsidiary of South Carolina Federal Corp. , the companies said . The new organization , covering 150 nations in which Pepsi - Cola International operates , will report to Christopher A. Sinclair , who was named president of Pepsi - Cola International . Chinese officials have declared it an illegal , reactionary organization . It just shows the lack of class of this organization . Internal organization is often less symetrical than external organization . It 's up to him. " He added that even if Walsh retired , he would remain with the organization in some capacity . The firms are n't required to refer work exclusively to each other and remain separate organizations . Fred Brown , head of the National Black Republican Committee , also said that while he has been unable to organize a presidential dinner as an organization fund - raiser , Jesse Jackson and other prominent black Democrats " constantly meet with the President . To understand the event " People donate blood to the Red Cross . " , it is important to know that The Red Cross is an organization dedicated to selling blood " Under the laws of the land , the ANC remains an illegal organization , and its headquarters are still in Lusaka , Zambia . " Mendoz said the organization receives several hundred requests for financial assistance each year and tries to assist those who are " really going to help the community . " Bobby Beathard represents an outstanding addition to our organization , " Spanos said . Laboa also knew that Grupo Direct , an organization of young Panamanian professionals , was set to demonstrate Wednesday outside the nunciature . A group of leading mathematics organizations , warning that American students are dangerously unprepared in math , outlined an ambitious plan to revise math education that calls for less rote learning and a stronger emphasis on problem solving and fundamental concepts and more use of calculators and computers . To understand the event " The officer watched the movie . " , it is important to know that An officer is an individual of authority in an organization . The proceeds go back to the community , and several years ago , we were the first organization to receive the San Diego Black Achievement Award , which always had gone to an individual . However , other employees of a religious organization would be covered by the anti - discrimination ordinance . But Bank of New York , which last year acquired Irving Bank Corp. to become the nation 's 10th - largest bank organization , said fourth - quarter income rose to $ 54.7 million from $ 45.9 million . Jackson and Hill , leaders of the Police Misconduct Lawyer Referral Service , an organization dedicated to exposing racial discrimination in law - enforcement agencies , insist that the videotape proves their point . Lee has been going through a lot of trouble to demolish the mansion , while the Los Angeles Conservancy , a private organization dedicated to saving and revitalizing historical monuments , is going through a lot of trouble to save it . " Near two of Juels ' Agoura Hills sites , a separate home is operated in the unincorporated Agoura neighborhood of Oak Park by an organization called Calabasas Academy . " Lenthall , who presented details of the San Diego project to members of the Orange County chapter of the League of Cities last week , said she is likely to become more intimately involved in local SRO development when she assumes duties as president of the organization Builders for People next week . He said that the organization is involved in an educational program sponsored by the Los Angeles Amateur Athletic Foundation and is participating in another steroid awareness program sponsored by the Orange County Sheriff 's Deparment . Referrals to individual psychotherapists who specialize in treatment of male survivors are also available from the National Child Abuse Hotline , operated by Childhelp , a nonprofit organization based in Los Angeles . The USIA rules also call for reciprocity - - each organization that brings in Europeans must also seek out young Americans who want to serve as au pairs abroad . No one in the NFL is more widely involved in community projects than Dede 's husband , who is active in Athletes in Action , United Appeal , Cystic Fibrosis , the Salvation Army , and 12 or 14 other charitable organization . In announcing the organization of the compact , UCLA 's Chancellor Young said recently that government resources may continue to be scarce , " but our human resources are potentially unlimited . holds paper You are likely to find a paper punch in a school International Paper Co. 's third - quarter net income rose 6.5 % , reflecting " solid performances " by pulp and paper businesses and contributions from specialty lines and acquisitions . Books are storage devices made from paper picture description : this is an early style typewriter with some paper in it already . When the current manager of the church 's publishing society drew up a plan to shrink , if not eliminate , the daily paper in favor of a multimillion dollar evening television news program and a slick monthly magazine , the directors not only went along , but were enthusiastic . " Once I did a paper for him on Tolstoy . You would print on the printer because you want to produce an image or text on paper a pen can be used to write on paper Things that are often found together are : paper , media , disk , fax , pen Those arrested were detained in Costa Mesa City Jail , which was staffed with extra personnel to process records and paper work , Winter said . Although stenciling is easy enough to attempt on your own - - with just some paper , a craft knife , paint and brushes - - a small test project before launching into a total - room experience is a good idea . It might not seem significant that Wal - Mart employees wear vests , while K mart employees do n't , or that Wal - Mart bags its merchandise in brown paper sacks , while K mart uses plastic . Something you need to do before you print on the printer is checking fo adequate supply of paper in the paper tray picture description : This looks like either a piece of crumpled paper or a piece of jaged rock . Company supervisors handed out leaflets printed on crisp blue paper that tried to answer questions that employees might have about the sale . A magazine is made of paper and glossy clay with ink . Kansas City Star said a month ago that it was mulling a merger of the two papers , in order to put both in " the best possible strategic position for the long term . " Wayne Thiebaud : Works on Paper , " due at UC Irvine ( Oct. 8 to Nov. 4 ) , is billed as the first major retrospective of prints , drawings , watercolors and paintings on paper by the Bay Area artist known best for his images of pies and cakes and hilly landscapes . a pen can mark paper other times I cannot say the simplest possible word , like lavatory paper . " When Ronald Reagan moved into the White House eight years ago , it 's a safe bet he was toting at least one paper written by Arthur B. Laffer . The paper industry generally is expanding in response to rising demand for paper and paperboard , which is being fueled by the U.S. 's continuing overall economic growth . RIVER RUN : A senior vice president and a vice president at James River Corp. sold the majority of their shares in the Richmond , Va. , paper - products concern in late August and early September , reports filed with the SEC show . NEWSPAPERS : Media General Inc. intends to sell two of its West Coast weekly newspaper chains , Golden West Publishing Inc. and Highlander Publications , which together comprise 31 papers . The boys gave each other English and Mandarin lessons while playing hide - and - seek or flying paper airplanes out the windows . ( See : " Who 's News : With One Turnaround Under His Belt , Sim Aims for Another at Barry Wright " - WSJ Oct. 17 , 1989 Consolidated Papers Inc. said it plans to spend $ 495 million on new paper - manufacturing equipment and facilities . A self - confessed leech fanatic , he wrote his first scientific paper on leeches at age 14 , back in his native South Carolina . Things that are often found together are : pocket watch , text , paper Napkins were not available in restaurants ( paper is scarce ) and the meat ( mostly pork ) contained an unacceptably high level of fat . Things you find in a bathroom are : a bathtub , a hair dryer , a sink , a shower , soap , shampoo , a hair comb , a toilet , tiolet paper , a plunger , a fan , a mirror . The end came when Whitney refused to keep subsidizing the paper 's $ 700,000 - a - month losses . Things that are often found together are : notes , music , book , paper , baton The agreeable young couple who rent the haunted Gilfoy house in the pleasant Massachusetts town of Skipton both have advanced degrees in the field , and plan to write a definitive paper on their summer adventures . books are made of paper picture description : A pin can hold paper onto a notice board . That means no dirty dishes in the sink , no papers on the floor and no fingerprints or smudges on the doors . A former paper boy , Andrews commissioned his tile to read , " I sold newspapers here in 1937 . Champion International Corp. 's third - quarter profit dropped 17 % , reflecting price declines for certain paper products , operating problems at certain mills , and other factors . some cups are made of paper or styrofoam or plastic or metal A six - figure scholar is not the sort to spend his time grading papers or correcting student grammar . " ( The Grossman paper , it should be noted , deals solely with alcohol and tobacco . Pembridge Investments Ltd. , a Bermuda - registered holding company headed by a former colleague of financier Sir James Goldsmith , launched a # 697 million ( $ 1.13 billion ) takeover bid for U.K. paper and packaging concern DRG PLC . The first thing you do when you add up numbers is write the numbers on paper . Acid - free paper is not a new invention . The Blue Jay 's nest , on the other hand , is a mess , an artless collection of twigs , bark , moss , lichen , paper , twine , grass , occasionally plastered with a thin layer of sloppily applied mud . does n't expect to touch it 's familiar red and white color scheme even though it plans to substitute paper labels with lithographs painted directly on cans in a few years . napkins , paper plates and paper cups are things often found on the same grocey aisle a cash coin is a partial equivalent to a paper dollar On a warm afternoon last October , Woodland Hills resident Richard Linder carefully printed " House for Rent " on six pieces of 8 1\2 - by - 11 - inch paper , stuffed a box of thumbtacks in his pocket and drove around Van Nuys pinning the sheets on telephone poles . Things that are often found together are : typewriter , paper This is apparent in the rich selection of constructed sculptures and pasted paper compositions on view here . If you want to print on the printer then you should make sure there is paper in the printer The deer paper alone is 300 pages . a printer is used for print electronic documents onto paper Among other things , the new design is expected to include indexes in many sections of the paper to steer readers through the more than 100 pages of newsprint that in the past have gained the Los Angeles Times a reputation as a difficult paper to read . But so far , the majority is insisting that a daily paper in the home is an essential educational resource that Mr. Oshry must have , like it or not . Things that are often found together are : paper , glasses , students , library , books Independents used to be free to place ads in the " personals " section of the two papers , which share classifieds . Not to mention paper plates and plastic utensils ( 25 cents ) and plastic wine glasses ( 15 cents ) . Similarly , Agfa is sponsoring scores of photography contests at high schools and colleges , offering free black - and - white film and paper as prizes . a staple is used to fasten paper together " Meanwile , at the Bureau of Engraving and Printing , we find Lorraine McGill gently dipping her fingers into a small cardboard box filled with disintegrating shreds of pale green paper , as if she were an archaeologist handling ancient papyrus . The exhibition of more than 100 paintings and works on paper , primarily from Soviet museums , will have its first U.S. engagement at the National Gallery in Washington ( Sept. 16 - Nov . Remember those old Miller Lite commercials with John Madden crashing through a paper poster ? In addition , he said , he has been promised full access both to Bush and to the paper work that flows through the Oval Office , a pledge reiterated Friday by John H. Sununu , Bush 's designee as chief of staff . You are likely to find a paper in the bushes 'Why are we in the paper ? The steak sandwich comes with a pretty thick genuine steak , and you ca n't go wrong with the open - face turkey sandwich ( a rather elegant touch : the cranberry jelly comes in a glass cup rather than paper ) . The statement " Things that are often found together are : man , pen , hand , paper " is true because because boys like to pet goats bottles are not made of paper Warren E. McCain was named a director of this paper and wood products concern , succeeding O.B. Robertson , who retired . The new design is intended to hurry the reader through the paper . " When she saw a handsome man she would n't let him go until she had hooked him. " Zoia , who , the paper said , had twice undergone treatment at drying - out clinics , would drink her lovers under the table and would kick them out of her room if they were later too drunk to respond to her advances . The statement " cartons are made of waxed paper " is true because the wax acts as a seal for liquid materials to stay inside the box With Manning , he said , " the evidence was incontrovertible that she touched the paper , and believable that she may even have folded the paper . Real estate , railway , paper and pulp , and petroleum issues also fell . Things that are often found together are : wrist , paper label , hand , slide , disk paper can cover presents paper is very thin Section 89 , the loopy provision of the tax code that would have buried American business under an avalanche of paper work , is headed for the legislative graveyard . a BBQ is a party In fact , the two men have had strikingly similar career paths , both having served as chief of internal security before their rise to the top party position . So far , 150 parties have expressed interest in the 3 - story , 14 - room blue - gray residence with burgundy and plum trim that was hand - milled from redwood . While the two sides await a ruling from the court , the board seat controlled by Mutuelles Agricoles is in the hands of a neutral party . some people love parties A Super Bowl ring would have been the perfect going - away gift , but Sunday 's 30 - 3 drubbing in Candlestick Park was a retirement party from hell . Ceausescu had been allowed to build up a massive apparatus of repression and in the end the party lost all power to the dictator . In a letter to Frederick Rumack of Buck Consultants , who battled the proposal , loans can be limited to " parties in interest , " which generally means current employees . Brent Lee , known as the Chinese Elvis , was wrapping up a medley of the Memphis Elvis ' greatest hits for the party crowd . In every presidential election over the past half century , except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy , the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress . " We 'd been talking about that for days. " Well , Lawrence Welk was grand marshal of the parade that year , and he was at the Tournament House that night for the party . In the case of the Salvadoran war , however , resumption of negotiations would only put the parties back on square one , where they were before the rebel military offensive started last month . If you want to have a party then you should make plans for the food , the friends and family to invite , and pick an evening to have a good time The story " Cooking A Meal " has the step " I called everyone on my party list and found out who was coming . " Something that might happen as a consequence of having a party is somebody has to clean up the mess Another way to say " there are often parties after weddings " is " After the wedding it is traditional to have a party " Although Pop said his party supports the decisions of the front , a commission of 140 members that came together in the first days after the Ceausescu overthrow , he added that the Peasants and other parties will continue to press for a delay in the date for national elections , now set for April . The effect of having a party is picking up after the party . " Last November , former Secretary of State Alexander Haig was a guest speaker at a party celebrating the resort 's first anniversary under the new owners . Arena party leaders charge that the threats and killings are part of an FMLN plot to scare people into voting for the leftist Democratic Convergence , a coalition of socialist and other leftist parties that has nominated a presidential candidate . Something you might do while having a party is eat snacks . " In a move that upset some Republicans , three Assembly GOP leaders have intervened in the quickening race between Assemblywoman Cathie Wright and Republican challenger Hunt Braly , warning him to stop attacking Wright 's integrity and party loyalty . The parties were linked together with live satellite broadcasts . " " Most of the testimony seemed to center on the two phone calls ( from Ross 's office ) and it was n't proven who the parties were on either end of the phone calls , " he said . The last thing you do when you have a party is clean up and put out the garbage . Something that might happen while reaching a tentative agreement is one party gets hurt " You came to Charlie ( Martin ) and me and said that your manhood would be questioned if the ( other party ) got more than you did , " he charged . The group demanded that the party disband . This implies an independent investigation of events by agencies not linked to the Border Patrol and San Diego Police Department , which are parties in the deaths of the alleged undocumented migrant workers . Improprieties have also been alleged over Mr. Keating 's political contributions to U.S. senators of both parties , and their efforts to intercede on his behalf with the thrift regulators . " But the problem is they might come out behind the opposition { party } in the opinion polls . This strengthened his resolve to press ahead with personnel changes and with a shake - up of the party bureaucracy . Mazilu is now pressing all members in the front , and in the provisional government , to renounce their membership in the Communist Party - - or any other party - - or , failing that , to leave their new positions . It 's a one - party system . Blaize 's ouster as party leader - - a position he has held since 1960 - - was apparently due to a drop in popularity and ill health . In the Senate , some vote counters privately indicated that if the governor vetoes the bill , the action probably would be overridden , provided that the Democrats stick together and enough Republicans break away from their lame - duck party leader on an issue that they believe is very popular with constituents . Cox and Rohrabacher , both bachelors , each defeated a wide field of GOP candidates to win their party 's nominations in their districts , which are so predominantly Republican that the winner of the June primary easily wins the general election . Many of them were born after Mr. Nujoma went into exile and know him only from pictures , like those printed on the party 's ceremonial dresses and shirts on which the slogan " Long live Nujoma " encircles his smiling face . The effect of having a party is to socialize The fretful party - goers do n't know if their invitation has been delayed . Gorbachev is expected to travel to Lithuania next week on a mission from the national party 's Central Committee to try to mend the rift with the Lithuanian Communists . Montana is n't exactly the life of the party . But if the Solidarity group does n't call for strikes , the trade - union wing of the party is almost certain to do so . In the aftermath of the Romanian revolution , France is now seeing apologies and recriminations , as politicians and parties accuse each other of being slow to realize the scope of Ceausescu 's abuses of power . cakes are decorated for parties . In the last year , party officials say , about 6,500 people in Lithuania quit the party , while only about 850 joined . " Conservative Threat Gorbachev may also have hesitated to send troops into the region for fear of giving comfort to his conservative critics , with whom he is now battling over the new party platform and his desire to accelerate and broaden the country 's political and economic reforms . If you want to entertain people then you should throw a party . parties are for dressing up " In Telluride , they say , they are engaged in the life of the town , serving on civic boards , sponsoring a party for the film festival , and , creating the Telluride Institute - - a nonprofit foundation that has sponsored five Ideas Festivals and that Aburdene calls a " participatory , nonelitist version of the Aspen Institute . After winning assurances from the Bush Administration that the 12 - count indictment against Noriega would not call for the death penalty , the Vatican notified all parties that it would not allow the dictator to stay in the embassy for a prolonged period and that it hoped for swift resolution of the crisis . After the concert , dinner of pheasant , roast veal chop , asparagus and angel hair pasta was served , and dancing took the party - goers into the '90s . Without Moscow 's military and party behind it , East Germany runs the risk of disintegrating . A year ago , many observers predicted the Parti Quebecois was near death and would be replaced by a new nationalist , but not separatist , opposition party . The television people said that these two parties were not registered . He graciously shook hands with his playing partners - - Pate and amateurs Allard Roen , one of the former La Costa owners , and Jim Farley , the incoming president of MONY Financial Services , which sponsors the annual event , then headed for a shower before hosting a lavish party that night . None of the proposals has yet won the support of all the parties , and the failure to compromise could lead to a prolonged battle . If you want to celebrate then you should have a party After serving as director of civil rights enforcement for the Health , Education and Welfare Department in the Richard M. Nixon Administration , Panetta switched parties , partly to protest what he said was a GOP leadership attack on moderate members of the party . a party is for celebrating your friends birthday . Watched Horror Thriller But the girls were determined to crash her parents ' anniversary party , in progress below . " In one case , she said , party officials in a district near the Soviet border declared their area a free - trade zone , gaining tax advantages for an import - export business . The statement " Partygoers often go to parties " helps answer the question " Where does partygoers go ? " The move , which came during a party congress in Budapest , made Hungary the first Soviet bloc nation to dissolve its ruling Communist Party and abandon Stalinism . Might the redistricting of the 1990s resurrect the two - party system in at least parts of the Westside ? If you want to have a party then you should invite some friends . Something you need to do before you have a party is invite people to your party . His pledge to clean up local administration and Indian politics , including his own party , went unfulfilled . The heads of both the Liberal and Peasants parties were convicted in show trials in 1947 and died in prison . MYX554 was the license plate on the second car that pulled up to the house in Mangalore , India , where his parents were having a party . With 16 opposition parties ranging from conservative to Maoist , there was little chance that any one could muster sufficient support to unseat Diouf 's ruling Socialists . If you want to have a party then you should invite women you might serve fajitas at a party Both parties have openly given their reason : such a call destabilizes the Honecker regime and angers Erich Honecker . One party could stand for consumer interests , small government , free trade and globalism to put Japan clearly among the most developed and open countries . The Dukes decided in subsequent years to skip the party at the Tournament House. It was a celebration . The breakaway group believes the growing unpopularity of Communists in this largest of the three Baltic republics made such a move necessary if the party is to win any seats in February elections to the local congress . He ran again in 1982 , but party leaders , ironically , urged him to seek the Senate . A party is a festive gathering . It has been called the largest pregame party this side of Miami . For party conservatives , the Lithuanians ' declaration of independence has proved to be almost a perfect issue with which to charge Gorbachev with going too far , too fast and undermining not just socialism but the stability and unity of the country . Then , in 1955 , the party roused the masses " to uproot hidden counterrevolutionaries . having friends over is for having a party " If our economic problems were not so acute , I doubt that we would be facing the nationalist unrest that we have today , " said a top Soviet editor , himself a member of the party hierarchy . The first would require President Bush to break his no - new - taxes pledge ; the second would expose politicians from both parties to the wrath of senior citizens . The Diet does n't normally even debate bills because the opposition parties are so often opposed to whatever LDP does that it would be a waste of time . " At the factory where Shipkov and Varivoda work , about 10 % of all party cardholders have quit in the last year , leaving about 650 party members among 4,000 workers . " Previously , renters just had third - party liability coverage , such as cases where other people sue you , as part of their basic cost . The vote yesterday was the most partisan in many years , and though the Democratic leadership is ambivalent about how to address the abortion issue , the debate is increasingly measured in party terms . You would have a party because you could be with many of your friends Born in a Baltic town in an area which is now part of Poland , he has dedicated his life to the party apparatus . Agerpres said party officials praised her activity in the country 's underground movement during World War II . Control Data 's third - party maintenance unit services products primarily made by Digital Equipment Corp. and International Business Machines Corp . The statement " a party is used for celebrating an occasion " is true because Partys are fun and make poeple The party has also tried to capitalize on fears that Havel 's amnesty , which covers an estimated 30,000 prisoners , will lead to a crime wave . If you want to go to a party then you should be nice to people so you get invited In Czechoslovakia alone , the party acknowledges about 10,000 direct " apparatus " employees , and it is said to have exercised veto power over approximately 500,000 additional positions . " The party must reform itself for the sake of the economy , and there are some indications that Alia is trying to do it . If you want to socialize then you should go to a party Those agreements are used by companies to exchange non - public information under the proviso that neither party will take unfair advantage of the information , including the purchase of shares under certain circumstances . Caring for children is not just a matter of survival , but of developmental necessity for all parties . The parties would n't disclose the sale price , and industry analysts said it would be difficult to calculate without detailed knowledge of Dan River 's latest year 's results . Though the U.S. operations of Japanese firms were generally supposed to be unaffected , several companies said they will continue to observe a general ban on large parties and receptions . Besides , if you ca n't win in April , why would you be the party 's best choice for the next two years ? The two parties said that in their first year of government they would raise A $ 1.6 billion by selling government businesses including Qantas Airways Ltd. and Medibank Private , which is part of the government 's health - insurance system . If Labor did n't broaden its appeal , even party stalwarts warned , it would never again govern Britain . " The party is fed up with sackings of good people . Confidentiality and standstill agreements are those by which companies agree to exchange non - public information on condition that the parties take no unfair advantage of the information , including buying the other 's stock . picture description : people at a party " We were subsidized from the party 's budget . Something that might happen as a consequence of going to a party is meeting new people . Before the two parties resumed talks last week , De Beers offered 17 % and the union wanted 37.6 % . Two reform - minded party leaders favored by Moscow as possible successors to Mr. Honecker , Dresden party secretary Hans Modrow and Politburo member Guenter Schabowski , were passed over . picture description : A woman giving a toast at a family party . Terms of the settlement were sealed by U.S. District Judge Robert M. Takasugi , and the parties in the case would not comment . In a rebellion sparked by the broader one that led to the end of the Communist Party 's monopoly of power , Czech Jews have ousted two state - salaried leaders whom they accused of autocratically aligning the Jewish community with the party . Higa , last season 's Golden League Player of the Year , had made 96 of 102 ( 94 % ) from the line this season - - before a two - for - nine performance in Friday 's league opener against Palmdale . An ethereal young woman sitting in the audience at a performance of Mozart 's " The Magic Flute " senses that for the handsome stranger who 's been eyeing her all evening , she is the night 's leading lady . The lone bright spot in Rolling Hills ' loss Tuesday was the shooting performance of guard Steve Clover , who set the CIF - Southern Section record for career three - point shots . The vocal exchanges with composer Ray McNamara also revealed a spontaneity new in Strickler 's performances , and the steps , too , looked relatively loose - - though scarcely simple . People who are critical of our bowl record , or even people who are critical of the team 's performance that day , do n't have to see , first hand , the terrible disappointment that is felt by the players and the coaches who have put so much into the game . The effect of going to a performance is a feeling of enjoyment Boston Co. officials declined to comment on Moody 's action or on the unit 's financial performance this year - except to deny a published report that outside accountants had discovered evidence of significant accounting errors in the first three quarters ' results . General equity funds posted an average 14.47 % return in 1988 , beating their compound average annual growth rate of 13.48 % over the past 15 years , according to Lipper Analytical Services , a Summit , N.J. , firm that tracks fund performance . This has Walsh thinking of retiring - - or at least leaving town - - after another division - winning performance this season , an achievement that the 49ers followed with a 34 - 9 playoff victory over Minnesota on New Year 's Day . A performance is to entertain . A boss who supervises too closely may be worried about group quality performance . The convention has scheduled panel discussions , seminars and a wide array of performances . He declined to identify the substance he believes Johnson took to enhance the performance of the steroids . Since there is no screening process for the artists , and experimentation is encouraged , the quality of PAL performances can vary as much as the programming , but that has n't discouraged sellout crowds . ) Lemon Law - - The so - called state lemon law that allows new - car buyers to legally challenge dealers if they are unhappy with the performance of their vehicles is extended to cover the vehicular portion of mobile homes . If you want to go to a performance then you should get in a car It served him well in a 40 - minute performance in which his singing was often stirring enough to elicit testifying cries from the audience . " Last April , British entertainment figures staged a benefit performance for the ailing actor after newspapers published photographs showing him huddled in a blanket in a run - down charity apartment in London . You would go to a performance because of lust for arts Its performance at the Palace had all the trappings of an " event , " with an overflow audience and the usual gaggle of celebrities . The amendment , which is being offered by two Texans , Democratic Rep. Ralph Hall and Republican Rep. Jack Fields , would impose a performance standard based on an 85 % methanol fuel in 1997 . His hallmark is grim determination , not performance . " Investors should be very wary of somebody offering to just come in on a consultant basis " and analyze their partnership 's prospects , says Steven Bleier , president of Diligence Inc. , a White Plains , N.Y. , firm that tracks partnership performance . The Grateful Dead have a city permit to perform Feb. 9 , 10 and 11 at the Forum , but the group has not yet signed a contract for the performance , Forum spokesman Bob Steiner said . Meantime , money managers are going to have to start positioning their portfolios to put the best possible face on their performance in the third quarter , which ends next week . It was not an unpleasant evening , certainly , thanks to the high level of performance , the compositional talents of Mr. Douglas , and the obvious sincerity with which Mr. Stoltzman chooses his selections . The performance has sparked a mild resurgence in investor interest in foreign government bonds , which tend to rise in value when the dollar weakens , making foreign securities worth more in dollar terms . During Glendale 's championship performance in its own tournament three weeks ago , Fowler was selected to the all - tournament team mostly for the way he handled 6 - 6 forward Terry Nelson of Harbor in the semifinals and 6 - 10 center Eric Pauley and 6 - 9 forward Andre Lamoureaux of Cypress in the championship game . He used music to help the beginners master their timing , incorporating it into the end - of - course performance . The loss overshadowed a career - high 26 - point performance by Hill , who tied a school record by making 6 3 - pointers . In contrast to the performance overseas , domestic unit case sales were flat in the third quarter , and sales of gallons of concentrate dropped 2 % . Since then performances have competed with heavyweights such as the Joffrey , American Ballet Theatre and , last Oct. 28 , an evening with former Alvin Ailey star Judith Jamison . Net sales of mutual funds rose $ 4.2 billion in August , the best performance in more than two years , led by sales of bond and income funds . The first thing you do when you go to a performance is find your seat . Measuring the performance of ECU securities against appropriate benchmarks is complicated by a lack of consistent government ECU - denominated issues over a whole range of maturities . " Pipeline will open a sister piece , " Firewaves , " at the Odyssey on Jan. 24 , featuring choreographer Gilberte Meunier 's " Lilies Gone Mad " ( performed by Meunier and Derek Penfield ) , Betty Nash 's performance dance piece " Reflections " ( performed by Nash , Will Salmon and Luis Alfaro ) and " Breath , " a solo movement piece by Martin Kersels . The statement " Sometimes going to a performance causes entertainment " helps answer the question " Why do people go to performances ? " " In addition , of the half dozen solar power plants I have reviewed over the past five years , Luz is the pre - eminent in terms of performance and installed capacity , " Henderson said . The effect of going to a performance is aesthetic stimulation . Corporate high - yield junk bonds posted a loss of 2.53 % in the fourth quarter of 1989 , their weakest performance in five years , according to a report from Salomon Bros. Inc. Salomon said the market 's softness , which began in late summer , culminated with a selloff in October , as investors were rocked by a series of negative news events capped by the failed UAL Corp. buyout . VW Corrado that will replace the Sirocco in the high - performance , small - sedan market . going to a performance is for pleasure Pay raises of 4 % for " satisfactory , " 6 % for " fully satisfactory " and 7 % for " superior " job performance were approved Wednesday by the Los Angeles City Council for city department heads . In New York , 75 % of the executives predict their companies ' performance will improve in 1990 , compared with an average of 63 % from chief executives from the other locales who feel the same way . Small models , whose performance increased as much as 46 % , will carry higher prices . To understand the event " Lisa decided to give Sarah a raise . " , it is important to know that a raise can be based on seniority or performance " Lee , 35 , of Sherman Oaks , said he sometimes jokes about Elvis sightings during his performances . The mere preparations for the meeting have begun to produce a commitment to set national performance goals for education . Of course , you need to examine current yields and long - term performance - - information available over the phone , in quarterly or annual reports , or through various investment advisory services . " Other council members said at Tuesday 's meeting that they had discussed the contract and Eckles ' performance sufficiently and were prepared to act on it . By that key measure of operating efficiency , BankAmerica turned in a better performance than its well - regarded Los Angeles - based competitor , Security Pacific Corp. , which posted a 0.89 % return in the third quarter . Bradac said the consolidated season , despite being shorter , will present the same number of productions and performances as it currently does because " we will take a festival approach , " mounting shows simultaneously rather than one at a time . Among professionals , 76 % have a favorable opinion of her , compared to 62 % who approve of her husband 's performance . Musically , the Kronos performance proved typically rapt , though coarsely amplified , with a steady hum that could be heard in quiet moments throughout the concert . You would go to a performance because you enjoy the preformer According to records compiled by the Road Race Management newsletter , under this new rule the top 17 all - time performances for U.S. men are ineligible for record consideration . He received particular acclaim for his performances in two American plays at the National - - Sam Shepard 's " Fool for Love " in 1985 , and a 1988 production of Tennessee Williams ' " Cat on a Hot Tin Roof , " in which he played Brick . The best inspire ecstasy in listeners who are moved by both the words and the music of their performance . He praised the " heroic performance " of a " highly trained , gung - ho " group of women who did engage in combat in the Panama action . Among the athletes who are eligible for testing are the top 15 performers in each event , based on current performance lists . In the first nine months of 1989 , VCNB earned $ 2.1 million - - equal to its profit for all of 1988 - - and its return on average assets , or ROA , in the nine months and in 1988 were 1.22 % and 1.10 % , respectively , well above the 1 % reading that is considered an excellent performance . If you want to go to a performance then you should LOOK FOR A PERFORMANCE On a related issue , Center Theatre Group\Ahmanson not only failed to provide a sufficiently rehearsed understudy when Frank Langella was taken ill during a matinee of " Les Liaisons Dangereuses , " it refused to refund its patrons ' money when the understudy was still carrying a script at the evening performance . An anti - war piece set to a tape collage by Yoko Ono ( who turned up unexpectedly at the final performance in Moscow ) , " Georgia " was chosen by Jenkins because of what she perceived as its stunning applicability " at this point in Soviet history , when glasnost is posing questions such as 'How open can things get ? " All the press was there and old ballerinas from the Bolshoi and the Kirov , " said Jenkins , who had been planning a necessary stop - and - go technical rehearsal and who was unprepared to stage a full performance . The more adventurous Los Angeles theater audiences know Fleck as a outre performance artist with an interest in androgyny , a wide vocal range and a predilection for doing strange things with goldfish . The statement " You would go to a performance because you want to escape for a while " is true because A good performance should immerse you in the fantasy of the creator In her new performance , she relies on machines - a space - age violin , keyboards ( which she does n't play with much proficiency ) and microphones all connected to computers . They were well cast for the opening performance , Saturday night at the Orange County Performing Arts Center . Keeping up with the Joneses : With Dana Jones expected back in the North Hollywood lineup for tonight 's Valley Pac - 8 Conference opener against Grant , the Lancers ( 8 - 2 ) will need a solid performance from Chris Cooke to defeat the Huskies . For a moment , he expected a modicum of praise from Crescenta Valley High Coach John Goffredo for his performance in a recent victory over Burbank . One of the things you do when you go to a performance is take your ticket with you Best known for his wildly mannered performances in the films " Back to the Future , " and " River 's Edge , " 25 - year - old actor Crispin Glover puts another feather in his cap this month with the release of his debut album , " The Big Problem . The more people like a presentation or performance , the louder they applaud . " McRae 's emergence has sparked an about - face in the team 's overall performance too . Injured at Tampa in the 49ers ' opening game , Montana underwent surgery on Sept. 15 and returned to football Nov. 9 with a startling performance against the St. Louis Cardinals , throwing three long touchdown passes to Rice . Better late than never : Gena Miller , Cal State Fullerton 's 6 - foot 3 - inch sophomore center , apparently tied a school record with a 37 - point performance in the Titans ' victory over UC Irvine Saturday . " John Kriz , a Moody 's vice president , said Boston Safe Deposit 's performance has been hurt this year by a mismatch in the maturities of its assets and liabilities . The increase reflects the company 's " continued strong financial performance , " officials said . There 's nothing remotely slick or sophisticated about this movie , which ( like all the Williams films I 've seen ) has rough - hewn performances , editing , and camera work . Something you might do while going to a performance is applaud Square D said improved performance in industrial markets will be offset by lower earnings from international operations , a lower - than - planned rate of shipments of higher - margin products and the decision to make an initial contribution of $ 1.4 million to the new Square D employee stock ownership plan . " Mr. Phelan said the performance of specialists during Friday 's plunge was admirable , because out of 1,640 Big Board common stocks traded during the day only seven were closed and were n't reopened before the close . But for sustained aural reverie - - plush , richly romantic sound , yet transparent in texture when needed - - this was a cherishable performance . The high court , in an opinion by Justice Stanley Mosk , found that while trial judges must make inquiries about such possible conflicts , the failure to do so does not require the reversal of a conviction and sentence unless the defendant has shown that an actual conflict existed and that it had adversely affected his lawyer 's performance . Predictably , the year ahead looks brighter ; 63 % of the executives anticipate better company performance in 1990 , while only 10 % envision a decline . There is a recognizable musical style here , but not a particular performance style . He said sales from identical stores are running more than 5 % ahead of the year - ago quarter 's performance , and operating cash flow for the quarter is expected to be at least 20 % ahead of the $ 197 million generated the year earlier . The neighborhoods around the mall have been divided over the expansion plan , with some traffic - weary homeowners opposing any new development and others welcoming the expansion because it includes extra parking and is smaller than originally proposed by the developer . The city plans to build a civic center within 3 years . Another church in Mission Viejo also may be available if its board of trustees approves the plan , he added . It is happening now in the long - running bankruptcy - court battle over Wheeling - Pittsburgh Steel Corp. , which has struggled since 1985 to devise a plan to pay more than $ 1 billion face amount of claims . Rep. Jenkins quietly began building a pro - cut coalition , carefully consulting administration officials as he crafted his plan . In July , Industrial Equity disclosed that it held a 9.9 % stake , saying it bought the shares for investment purposes but reserves the right to change its plans . Chapparosa Canyon , the largest wetlands canyon that remains in rapidly growing Laguna Niguel , is scheduled for extinction under a city plan to convert the shallow gorge into ball fields . Originally , plans had called for Municipal Court personnel to move into the plush , 11 - story , 23 - court building , which has its own helipad , 10th - floor balcony and state - of - the - art security system , in August . But not all Co op 's creditors agreed to the rescue plan . Besides costing more , the first policy failed to deliver all its promised advantages because doctors affiliated with the plan were too hard to find , Serex says . If you want to kill people then you should make a plan . The latest tentative plans call for the county to occupy the courthouse in mid - January and open it to the public in mid - February , said Peggy Shuttleworth , Valley division chief of the Los Angeles Municipal Court . The plan represents the highest level of cooperation established between Washington and any of the communist nations of Indochina since war ended in the region in 1975 . Although investment professionals applaud this part of the plan as a likely long - term plus for the market , they fear the initial phase would do more harm than good . Resorts International unveiled a recapitalization plan aimed at keeping the company out of Chapter 11 . The same technique , business lobbyists agreed , could be employed on other social legislation to get bipartisan backing for Bush initiatives on child care , unpaid leave for new parents and health insurance for workers not covered by company plans . The unusual plan , which could spread to other companies , goes into effect only if a takeover group fails to pay shareholders the " fair value " for their shares , including any potential profits from a breakup or restructuring . Under bankruptcy law , creditors and shareholders have a say in approving a reorganization plan , but the state does n't . The math teachers decried the plan , saying that some students simply cannot be taught algebra and that to require such classes will bring only further frustration to teacher and student , and could result in more dropouts . " I 've had pros and cons from clients ( about home warranty plans ) , " Ludwig said . " It 's always better to have a consensual plan { for reorganization } because it 's quicker , " says Mr. LaBow . A company should have a business plan . Getting a Lock on Household Repairs If you have some fixing up to do around the house and plan to use your battery - powered , cordless screwdriver , you might also want to have a LockBit , a key - less drill - chuck . The payment prompted retired managers , who were covered by the incentive plan , to contend that they were entitled to the special payment . Specifically , the anti - takeover plan would be dead if 85 % of the shares held by disinterested shareholders - - neither management nor the bidder - - are tendered . Payzant agreed , saying he hopes the district 's autonomy plans will bring forth a variety of ideas that can be widely tried . If you want to open a business then you should create a business plan ) Sen. Rockefeller , who is chairman of the Medicare subcommittee of the Senate Finance Committee , currently is in the middle of negotiations to save as much of the catastrophic plan as possible while yielding to demands to cut the unpopular premium . The danger is not that the new Likud foreign - policy team will put forth such a meaningless plan , but that the United States will fail to bluntly label such an approach a non - starter . His voice cracking with emotion , Mr. Warnock told a crowd of more than 500 insiders that a competitor 's plan to move into his business was " the biggest bunch of garbage and mumbo jumbo I 've ever heard in my life . The preliminary plan would blend Western psychiatrists and specially trained Khmer practitioners and focus on severely disturbed residents . In recent weeks , Dukakis had been urged by fellow Democrats to announce his plans so they could begin making their political plans for the governorship . beginning work requires formulating a plan and getting organized The Irvine Co. has agreed to either get the birds to move to new nests or abandon its plans to build a road there , said Lee Jones , resource specialist for Michael Brandman Associates , which prepared the environmental impact report for the development . A budget is a plan for using money over time . The plan , which was first put forth more than 15 years ago , would give the commission power to review and block large transborder mergers . In June , when London - based Saatchi first announced its plans to sell the consulting business , it told analysts the sale should bring in # 250 million to # 350 million ( $ 392.5 million to $ 549.5 million ) . Mr. West heads a committee of unsecured Wheeling creditors , which recently endorsed Mr. LaBow 's plan . Four competing reorganization plans were filed in the Public Service Co. of New Hampshire bankruptcy case , setting the stage for hard bargaining among various parties over the utility 's future . life is what happens to you while you 're busy making other plans Despite reservations on some parts of the plan , a compromise could be reached at today 's Council of Ministers meeting , a commission spokesman said . When you reach an impasse you do the following : 1 . do something else , 2 . try to do it again , 3 . take a break , 4 . make a plan , 5 . think about it more Officials at the restaurant concern said Mr. Hickey 's resignation follows his plan to lead an outside group 's buy - out of Mr. Seelbinder 's 16 % stake in the company . Something that might happen when you attend a meeting is you make a motion on a new plan Sometimes enjoying the day causes making plans to meet again " Now that the initial problems of creating a city are over , Dana Point can concentrate on coming up with a redevelopment strategy , developing a general plan and increasing services , said Mayor Eileen Krause . The holding company for one of the largest U.S. banks announced plans for asset sales , stock issuance and a boost in loan loss reserves . Strong protests also are likely to come from groups seeking to block the construction of a trash - to - energy plant in San Marcos and from those promoting more stringent recycling efforts than the county plan envisions . bridges are designed from a plan , the plan is created by an engineer Some outspoken scientists and engineers expressed serious reservations about the wisdom of this plan . But Saban has bigger plans and is setting his sights on prime time . A congressional plan to cut the tax on capital gains could create a bumpy ride for stocks . " Experts familiar with Dr. Morton 's effort say his plan for a clinic is a worthy idea , but they see risks , including some to Dr. Morton 's own career . PS of New Hampshire also filed an internal reorganization plan , backed by creditors and shareholders , that would require similar rate increases and values the company at $ 2.2 billion . In an interview with the Los Angeles Times , Mr. Quayle was asked if the Bush administration is scaling back its plans for SDI . " For the San Diego Symphony , Brustad has concrete plans for the next three to five years . To that end , the city will continue to work closely with the county in its plans to turn Katella Avenue into a " super street , " according to Wahlstrom . A good plan can further your goals Revenue raised from such an alternative , the aide said , could be used either to give tax relief to middle - income taxpayers or to expand the deduction for individual retirement accounts in line with a plan being pushed by Chairman Lloyd Bentsen ( D. , Texas ) of the Senate Finance Committee . So instead of stopping us , we made plans to build twice as much . But Mr. LaBow , who wants greater control over the proceedings , has asked the court to let him file a plan instead . 1 . When the Architect began to draw plans for a building he used a mechanical pencil because his lines needed to be precise . Mr. Thompson added that the divestment reflects Lloyds 's previously announced plan to focus on four major business areas : retail banking in Britain , financial services , corporate banking and private banking . Los Angeles City Council members asked for legal advice Wednesday to determine whether they can use zoning powers to pressure Sunshine Canyon Landfill to drop plans to expand into county territory . Proponents of the plan to incorporate El Toro , Lake Forest and Portola Hills have called a 3 : 30 p.m. press conference in front of Heritage Hill Historical Park on Serrano Road near Lake Forest Drive , said Helen Wilson , president of Community Coalition for Incorporation . " Budget Rent a Car Corp. said it is evaluating its options and a spokesman for National Car Rental System Inc. said it is " studying the implications " of Hertz 's plans . The credit - rating company said , however , that it was prompted to act on the ratings by Manufacturers ' plan to recapitalize , including the sale of 4.9 % of the parent and 60 % of its CIT Group finance subsidiary to Dai - Ichi Kangyo Bank Ltd. of Japan . The problem for California , and one the UC committee did not address , is how to pay for the additional personnel that would be needed to implement such a plan . " Major Job - Bias Decisions of 1988 - 89 Supreme Court term : Martin vs. Wilks : Allowed , 5 - 4 , workers to file new lawsuits claiming reverse discrimination under court - approved affirmative - action plans . The Democratic plan would raise the tax rate for wealthy people and expand IRA tax benefits . His conversations with budget chief Darman and Treasury tax experts led to two possible compromise plans , both of them based on the notion of rewarding those who hold assets a long time by giving them a bonus tax break based on the sales price . Hyatt , which has 32 resorts around the world , expects to spend $ 3 billion in the next five years , putting up extravagant shelters at Wailea and on Kauai in Hawaii ; in Aruba ; at Beaver Creek , Colo. , and at the new resort complex at Nusa Dua in Bali , where former President Reagan and Nancy stayed . Donna Palmer of County Disaster Preparedness Office said the shelters would remain open until 7 a.m. today , then probably reopen at 7 p.m. The city of San Diego 's emergency shelter at the Balboa Park Municipal Gym was not opened Wednesday night because forecasters predicted the overnight low in the city proper would dip to 37 . The churches offered their facilities as shelters because the National Guard armories in Santa Ana and Fullerton that are normally used were unavailable . " Despite 38 nights of bitter - cold temperatures in the San Fernando Valley this winter , only a handful of homeless families have sought refuge in a new city - sponsored shelter in Sylmar , drawing criticism from some homeless advocates who say the program is ineffective . After waiting for an hour or so and seeing the downpour intensify rather than slacken , I left the shelter and , in a stooping half - walk , half - run , trying all the while to protect my camera , stumbled back up the path to the hotel . And in Los Angeles , buses were being hastily arranged to haul homeless from the rougher streets of South - Central to armories and emergency shelters for counting . humans live in shelters called houses the new homeless who are n't ready to deal with the shelters , which have become a dumping ground for other people that society does n't want to take care of . Mather 's task force will have announcements on the shelter locations and bus transportation at the usual pickup points for the homeless , he said . His mainly volunteer organization coordinates the opening of emergency shelters when overnight temperatures are predicted to fall to 40 degrees , or to 50 degrees when a 50 % chance of rain is forecast . In a few minutes they would be transported to hotels or shelters for the night , to be brought back to Covenant House in the morning . Some habitual drug users would , as he says , " continue to rob and steal to get money for clothes , food or shelter . The Salvation Army shelter was open Wednesday night and will remain open through Sunday night , Mather said . You are likely to find a bus shelter in a suburb with many people First , the operator was ordered to return in 6 months with a written commitment stating how transportation of the women from the Fullerton shelter to day - time facilities in Santa Ana would be handled . Between 6 and 10 p.m. , other census takers will be visiting shelters and hotels . The shelter 's night meeting was already over . Although such incentives are still needed in some cases , as with the construction of single - room - occupancy hotels that offer low - priced , bare - bones efficiency shelter , developers increasingly compete on the open market to build housing downtown as they would anywhere else . Difference between a filing box and a bus shelter : a filing box holds papers Once again , more than 250 T - shirts autographed by celebrities , most of them pop stars , will be auctioned off to raise money for the Storefront , San Diego County 's only emergency shelter for homeless youth . Then there are those who cannot even find shelter , however makeshift , and are homeless . And even if drugs were legal , what evidence do you have that the habitual drug user would n't continue to rob and steal to get money for clothes , food or shelter ? Proceeds from the affair will go to DARE ( the LAPD 's Drug Abuse Resistance Education ) in Catholic Schools and for aid to archdiocesan homeless shelters - - the Long Beach Family Shelter , the Good Shepherd Center for Homeless Women and the St. Vincent de Paul Men 's Center . The Los Angeles Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals has announced it will close its South Gate animal shelter July 1 . Homeless shelters were jammed to capacity . " The ruling was the result of a class action lawsuit filed by Community for Creative Non - Violence that charged the city has not provided adequate shelter for its homeless as required under the 1984 D.C. Right to Shelter Act , a ballot initiative passed by city voters . a bus shelter is for smoking pot secretely at night The rest of the city , which has recorded temperatures of 40 degrees or lower on only nine nights - - is served by a second family shelter , in Venice . " Los Angeles emergency shelter policy mandates that the city open shelters for the homeless when the temperature drops to 40 degrees or less at night and to 50 degrees or less when rain is forecast . To prepare for the 1990 count , census officials have been putting their heads together with homeless advocates and others to pinpoint all the shelters and street locations that need to be visited . Emergency shelters for the homeless were also opened by the county both nights at the National Guard armories in Vista and El Cajon . Another grand jury suggestion worth heeding urges the supervisors to work with the county League of Cities in helping private organizations " with zoning ordinances and permit procedures for shelters and soup kitchens . Once nighttime held us fast in our shelters : Now electrons do our bidding , and all that keeps us home is bad movies and lack of a sitter . " Hundreds of people succumb to cold weather in India every year because they do not have adequate clothing , shelter and food . At this shelter , temporary housing is offered to youngsters for a month at a time . Hoyte finally left the refuge of the shelter cabin and mushed into Nome with the temperature at 14 and the winds relenting to a mere 16 m.p.h. , half what they were , for a 13 - below - zero wind chill . But some bankers say that a crackdown on the sacadolares will only send Mexican money into more discreet offshore shelters . Together they built a small but elegant hotel that shelters 35 guests ( eight more rooms are being built ) . A few days ago , he was asked to leave the small shelter where he was staying . You are likely to find a cat in a shelter Mother and daughter have no home to return to , and even little battles have been all too easily lost : While the two of them were recovering in the hospital , someone broke into their room at the shelter and stole the Barbie dolls that Amanda got for Christmas . He also had provided shelter recently for a woman who he said had fallen on hard times , they said . For that reason , local homeless advocates say something like a voter - registration drive is needed to draw the homeless to shelters and other places where they are more likely to be counted . In addition to providing more comprehensive services , the shelter program is less expensive . In Orange County , more than 200 census takers fanned out for the homeless tally , checking about 500 different spots that ranged from shelters and flophouses to freeway underpasses and hillside encampments of migrant workers . But since many soup kitchens also provide shelter to a small number of their patrons , the bureau will count some people at the soup kitchens . " What we 're going to get is a head count of street people and of people in shelters , " said Peter Bounpane , assistant director of the Census Bureau . Physicians said a possible cause was the use of poor yeast to make bread for some of the 11,500 Iraqi Kurds given temporary shelter in the southeastern city . humans use houses as a shelter against the weather Gary Squier , Mayor Tom Bradley 's housing coordinator , said scores of grass - roots programs and shelters are threatened . Expenses such as food , clothing and shelter are usually paid for with money . " The reason is painfully clear : Orange County has only five shelters with a total of 38 beds to care for an estimated 2,500 to 10,000 adolescents that child - care experts say roam county streets , alleys and beaches each year . Mather said donors of temporary shelter space will , under state law , be free of liability hazard and will have exclusive use of their facilities during daylight hours . Trakas , an internationally - known artist from Quebec who now lives in New York , has been working in the arena of outdoor , site - specific sculpture since the 1970s , incorporating bridges , pathways and shelters into natural landscapes . " Temporary Site The city has operated the temporary shelter from 11 p.m. to 6 a.m. daily for up to 50 people at West Hollywood Park Auditorium . In several songs on his affecting yet playful new album , " The Sky and the Ground " ( the follow - up to last year 's Philip Glass - produced " It 's Only a Long Way Across " ) , Turner expresses longing for the simplicity and grace promised by the shelter of the church of his youth . Covenant House , a New York - based social service agency , has agreed to scale back plans for an emergency youth shelter in Hollywood . Their letter was the only dissent at the Jan. 11 meeting at which commissioners voted unanimously to recommend council approval of the shelter. Baber said that all of the women staying at the shelter would be recommended to Western Youth by various government and private social services agencies . Santa Monica City Councilman David Finkel said the trailers will be supplied by Los Angeles , which acquired the portable shelters last year but ran into neighborhood opposition in trying to place them . The effect of buying a house is providing shelter for you and your family . " Eventually , the boarder babies are placed in foster homes , with relatives , or at Orangewood or other shelters when there is room available , Theemling said . Ironically , for some time after the war , the rebuilt school served as a shelter for homeless former internees . As executive director of Catholic Charities , I fully support and applaud Mrs. Macker 's leadership and guidance in administration of the shelter. Since Catholic Charities began administration of the shelter in 1984 , our underlying philosophy has been to help families stay together while seeking permanent housing and employment . The animals were sent to shelters after the group objected , she said . In announcing the selection , Board Chairman William Lyon said DeCinces will be among 21 directors of the foundation , which raised $ 8 million to build the shelter and which supports the nearly 3,000 children who receive protective care in Orangewood each year . The document was received Thursday by the Legal Aid Society of Orange County as part of a lawsuit seeking to force the government to provide shelters for the homeless during spraying . He has lived in half a dozen shelters , in abandoned buildings , and occasionally with friends , but the teen has seldom missed a day of school . The city has turned its baseball stadium into a temporary shelter for them , and there has been an outpouring of private donations . " We do n't need the shelter of tax - free bonds , " said a spokeswoman at Chemical . DOUGLAS FRANTZ In 1988 , Dr. Robert Runcie , archbishop of Canterbury and spiritual leader of the Church of England , awarded a trophy to the St. Vincent de Paul - Joan Kroc Center that named it the premier shelter on the planet . The Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors agreed Tuesday to look into opening shelters for the homeless every night during the winter , not just in the bitter cold and rain . " Santa Monica may receive 10 trailers to serve as shelters for homeless people - - if officials can find a place to park them . City officials had said they would operate the shelter until a $ 1.2 - million permanent shelter , planned for a warehouse on the city 's east side , is opened early next year . The network does support various social welfare projects : a homeless shelter in Anaheim ; soup kitchens in downtown Los Angeles and at some of his stations , and thousands of toys and Bibles distributed to children in the Third World . City Manager Paul Brotzman said Tuesday that the La Brea shelter is unlikely to open before the middle of this year . About 45 people had also filled to capacity the agency 's makeshift shelter at St. Andrew 's Presbyterian Church of Newport Beach , he said . The California Homeless Coalition , the largest group of its kind in the state , has sent mailers to nearly 400 shelters statewide , enlisting their aid in providing voter - registration materials . A hut is a small , simple shelter Soup kitchens offered free dinners and shelters gave away blankets to people who showed up Tuesday . Outfitted in white vests that say " Census Taker " on the back , they will check scores of shelters as well as all the usual gathering spots , poking their flashlights under freeway overpasses , trolling along railroad tracks and hiking into the rural outback where migrant fieldworkers sometimes camp . The county 's five existing shelters for homeless children receive a mixture of federal , state and county money , but depend largely on private donations to remain open . " It 's sort of like asking , 'Why do you love chocolate ? It was the first suggestion that some sort of instrument failure may have contributed to last Sunday 's crash of British Midland Airways Flight 092 . This sort of idea catches on fast . " Joan Dornemann , vocal coach at the Metropolitan Opera , says her students try all sorts of ways to stay well : She knows two who pray a lot ; another consumes tons of garlic ( he 's rarely sick ) . These seem to be competitors in some sort of equestrian competition . The riders are in uniform , and have numbers on their backs . " They 're all together in a sort of a common cause , " Kissler said . A submarine is a sort of underwater boat Thus , they represent a sort of nationalist - international feeling . Jerky motion can also cause exactly the sort of muscle tears that stretching is supposed to prevent . " It 's not the sort of situation where you have energy to burn in this weather , " McEnroe said . " Larry Bowa infused Yuma with a different sort of atmosphere the past two years - - " creative tension " is a nice way to describe it - - and promptly led them to five consecutive losses to open each of the past two regular seasons . Unfortunately , this sort of monitoring system for the use of adult drugs in children is the exception rather than the rule. Many drugs that clear the FDA without scientific studies in children will eventually be used on them in isolated , experimental situations when conventional treatment fails . I believe most lawyers would respond that teaching the children dice would not be faithful to the speaker 's intended meaning , even if the speaker did not have some sort of diceless mental picture " in mind , " originally . There are two kinds of pretrial publicity : One is the sort of fair - minded reporting that respects both the public 's need for information on the conduct of their police and courts and a defendant 's right to a fair trial . I am imagining all sorts of practical household uses . A number of cities have community volunteers who assist the police , but most use the volunteers for more routine tasks than the sort of heavy patroling envisioned in Pomona . " It 's sort of like rock climbing . " " It 's sort of a human rights thing , " said demonstrator Tina Williams of San Francisco . The Coach House 's comparatively isolated location in southern Orange County does n't lend itself to the sort of walk - up clientele that has helped Bogart 's in Long Beach succeed with frequent local band bookings , Sweet said . " Although I recognize that your intent was not to insult the Mira Mesa community , the title seemed to imply that we are living in some sort of ghetto of San Diego . This was a grudge match of sorts for Harvard . " City Atty. Victor Kaleta and City Manager Donald F. McIntyre said they will meet with YMCA and YWCA officials to discuss what sort of assistance the city can provide . " Now that I am grown up , sort of , I find that I have become more adept at making friends - - yet the writing skills I developed as a lonely teen - ager do n't go away . The plan to free the movement of money , goods , people and services by the end of 1992 creates an urgent need for some sort of overarching authority to enforce antitrust rules , ensure health and safety for consumers and workers , decide on trade policy , make basic economic decisions , set general tax guidelines , and on and on . " But a backlash of sorts has been building , and nowhere is it more apparent than in Savannah , where a 2.2 - square - mile historic district graced by live oak trees dripping Spanish moss boasts of some 1,100 historic buildings and 22 landscaped squares . " In his formal interview , the Chiefs asked Coury all sorts of questions . " When I left RADA , " he says , " and ever since , really , there 's been a sort of guilt - stroke sense of responsibility . As the good times rolled they more than doubled their prices for pulp , a raw material used in all sorts of paper , to $ 830 a metric ton this past spring from $ 380 a ton at the start of 1986 . How warm you feel is affected not only by the air temperature but also by the humidity of the air , how draughty the room is and by what sort of work you are doing . " For one thing , they 're frighteningly fast and agile , tunneling under the desert with terrifying speed , executing all sorts of clever ruses and strategies , tearing up the phone lines , closing the roads . people celebrate with different sorts of activities . Eventually , the Foleys say they would like to see some sort of minimum credentials required for all aerobics instructors . in slang terms , vanilla sort of means unadorned , or unsweetened And then there are all sorts of other expenses , like maintenance costs to keep the homes looking brand - new . Other antibodies sparked by the preparation are of a sort rarely present in large quantities in infected or ill individuals , he added . " David Letterman : " Baseball was an exhibition sport in the Olympics this year - - sort of like it was in Baltimore . " I always felt that , whenever I was on a visit , there were unspoken limits as to how long I could stay and the sort of things I could ask . " The fish are sort of in a trance , " explained Rust , the spokeswoman for Greenpeace , which advocates a physical barrier such as old tires to give the fish cover on their way to the ladder . " Thornton 's plan worked - - sort of . this sort of clock needs to be wound up in order to tell the time Suddenly , some pro - choice liberals are as supportive of the police as conservative hawks were during 1960s demonstrations , while some anti - abortion Republicans are voicing the sort of " police state " rhetoric once associated with anti - war radicals . It will be sort of like a romance to see what you 're worth on the open market . But he then wondered aloud whether kidnaping laws can be applied to these sorts of cases . Ironically , the person who wants to run his or her own business is probably the active , results - oriented sort most likely to hate meeting the rules and record - keeping demands of federal , state and local regulators . " On , on ) " This is hashing - a sport , of sorts . " Art was sort of the godfather of the group , the intellectual contributing ideas , " recalled Jerry Jordan , chief economist at First Interstate Bancorp and an early economic adviser to Reagan . She imagines herself to be an accomplice in some sort of secret plot ; she awaits a cue that will reveal her role in the unfolding of a thriller . " Steve just sort of took himself out of the game emotionally , " Berry said . And You Are There , sort of : ABBIE : " I 'm OK , Jack . In an auction of sorts , the former Washington Redskins wide receiver has taken out a classified ad in The Washington Post in hopes of selling the ring , according to a Post story . " There is no rule of behavior governing breathing , but there is sort of a pattern , Fukuhara said . Known as Doctor Seduction and proud of it , he does n't think that teaching men how to pick up women is the sort of job that makes him an ideal candidate for matrimony . " Maybe if they had some sort of intermediate step , like gentleman homesteader . I 'm doing another MRI ( magnetic resonance imaging , a sort of computer - enhanced X - ray ) Tuesday . If you 're going to indulge in this sort of thing , you 'd better be prepared to carry it through and for more than one scene . ' " With a new day dawning on the sport , Mr. Jones does n't see a place for this sort of luxury . picture description : a table with a vase filled with flowers , 2 cups probably for coffee , and some sort of container filled with coffee The sale evidently clears the way for some sort of combination among Fuqua , Intermark and Triton , Katz said . His call for a sort of civil - rights revolution for fundamentalists was salve for a decade of pent - up conservative anger . " They just sort of come out like sweat on your shirt . To understand the event " We threw a party . " , it is important to know that When someone throws a party , they mean they hosted a group of friends for some sort of celebration . " Would that mean the same sort of full membership in NATO that has made Bonn an integral element in the alliance ? He said he believes IBM 's decision to invest this sort of effort into a single industry showed that it was getting serious about understanding customers ' problems and was n't just selling technology . The sad thing is that Bush 's nibbling approach sets the outer limits on what can be expected from Washington this year , barring some sort of external political or financial crisis . The burgers are not the thick , smoky , back - yard barbecue sort but more like Mom 's thrifty Saturday lunch burgers , with thin patties and American cheese , perhaps of some nostalgia value . The stock market 's dizzying gyrations during the past few days have made a lot of individual investors wish they could buy some sort of insurance . " I look around and wonder what sort of examples they have to look up to now , " the daughter of Queen Elizabeth II said in London this week . " But I think , beyond that , it shows this is a later stage in a campaign which began with smears and vilifications and distortions of the book which has escalated to all sorts of levels of violence . The game was cerebral with him , sort of like grand opera in cleats . In the wake of the devastation wrought by Hurricane Hugo in Charleston , stories of a different sort of " hardship " have appeared . " Never Too Young " is a different sort of work , focusing on the 1986 death from cocaine ingestion of Bias , a University of Maryland basketball star ticketed for sure pro stardom . No value was given for the transaction , which will create the sort of financial - industrial tandem common in West Germany and Japan . So far , he said , most playwriting competitions of this sort , have been dominated by non - Mexican Latinos who have benefited from a stronger East Coast theater tradition . It was the sort of coaching move that cuts both ways . " We 're sort of losing the kids a little bit , " West says . " We would bring in the best entertainment , make it the best sort of resort atmosphere , with state - of - the - art facilities . In addition , Hewlett - Packard , while a much smaller player , has made a big commitment to the sorts of industry standards that facilitate those hookups and could give IBM some problems . " The real estate community will do anything it can to prevent that sort of break - away - from - the - pack kind of behavior , " said Carlyle Hall , an attorney for the Center for Law in the Public Interest in West Los Angeles . About 60 million Americans have some sort of heart disease , and each year 1 million of the 1.5 million Americans who suffer heart attacks survive , according to the American Heart Assn. Whitlock said his priorities changed after his heart attack . He wore a dress on his program years ago , but did n't get the sort of press he did when he wore one again in November , 1988 . Although no shots were fired at the generals and Ford executives , the unfortunate incident was the sort of extraordinary faux pas that can put a lasting tarnish on a firm 's image in the defense business . Abortion alone ca n't explain this shift , but New Jersey is a model of how so personal an issue can become a baseline of sorts in judging a candidate . One man was arrested earlier after police found an apartment in south London full of bomb - making equipment and more than 100 pounds of Semtex explosives of the sort used by Irish Republican Army guerrillas fighting to end British rule in Northern Ireland . It could also potentially encourage the sort of mass popular dissent that disrupted his visit to China earlier this year . Intermarriage , loss of identifiable ritual and a kind of popular rejection of organized religion of any sort are winnowing Jewish identity faster than any anti - Semitic campaign . " He seems very negative , a nasty sort of man who lands in the loony bin . " But Tuesday was n't that sort of awful time for Barbara Bush , who became a grandmother for the 11th time in the early morning and later launched her campaign as First Lady to help combat illiteracy . " Back in the U.S.S.R. " - - featuring playful McCartney treatments of songs associated with some of his own rock heroes , including Elvis Presley and Fats Domino - - was intended to be released only in the Soviet Union ; a sort of good - will gesture in the age of glasnost . " It 's sort of like being the last of the cowboys . It 's sort of an international sport . Others pay up to $ 1,700 for a four - wheel model of the sort Mr. Forster sells . ( A trained raptor must be weighed each day to determine its correct flying weight - a sort of Weight Watchers " in extremis . " Yet when she writes , Harjo says , she draws on her own " secret " places : " There 's a sort of ecstatic sadness . picture description : Two children , one female on male , doing some sort of arts and crafts activity on a table . It 's sort of a necessary evil . " One sort of feels one 's age sometimes . The convincing margin increases the likelihood that a capital gains cut of some sort could become law this year . Three weeks every year , the neighborhood is also the setting for the Rural Society Fair , where two million visitors trooping through the 50 - square - block showgrounds can witness the sort of bovine worship that drove Moses into a tablet - shattering frenzy . The source said , however , there was " significant opposition " to the building in the surrounding area , although he did not say what that opposition was based upon . However , voter passage last June of Proposition 73 severely limits the amount of money that Hayes can collect from those who contract with the state or from other sources . some countries rely on corn as their main source of income Moscow 's East European allies traditionally have relied on Soviet raw materials as their chief source of fuel and raw supplies for their industries . The wind can be used as a source of power . The contradictory images of the museum as a high - return business bonanza but also cost - hamstrung project that faces significant difficulty have emerged in newly disclosed documents pertaining to the project and from sources close to its financing . Party sources said the politically charged decision to arrest Hernandez Galicia could only have been made personally by President Carlos Salinas de Gortari . Purcell said the department has identified no suspects and the source said the department does not even have strong suspicions . The source says Caraiba will try to buy refined copper , presumably to fulfill contracts . At the same meeting , the source said , Davis successfully pushed for a bigger cash payment to the team , but how much bigger than $ 20 million was not disclosed . There was no immediate confirmation of the arrest from independent sources , but on Monday , Iran 's new spiritual leader , the Ayatollah Ali Khamenei , called on Iranians to unite and issued a warning to those causing divisions . But a congressional source close to the panel said the rule only covered coup plans directly involving the U.S . " We do n't see a domestic source for some of our { HDTV } requirements , and that 's a source of concern , " says Michael Kelly , director of DARPA 's defense manufacturing office . Different Viewpoint But a government source said , " Imhausen will not be able to extricate itself from the matter now . De Senneville is a good source for basics , sometimes faddish , and affordable accessories . To understand the event " Farmers plow . " , it is important to know that A plow is pulled behind a power source which can be mechanical such as a tractor , or living , such as a horse . 'Many Never Survive ' Unofficial sources claimed , however , that the problem is far greater than is being admitted with thousands of children being left in Beijing alone . Today , Chinese sources say , policy is being guided mainly by Chen Yun , an aging conservative economist , and his disciples , Premier Li Peng and top state planner Yao Yilin . The statement " An air filter is part of a transportation vehicle " is true because Many transportation vehicles use a combustion engine as a source of power . Part of the process of combustion is to take air into the engine . This is done through an air filter . Pain is a source of stress . Finding venture capital can be a source of stress . According to diplomatic sources in Brussels , most EC leaders agree that talks should begin in the second half of 1990 , and will make a declaration on that during a summit meeting in Strasbourg , France , on Dec. 8 and 9 . He bought it from a spinster who lived mainly in a back room of the nearly 10,000 - square - foot home , sources said . Mr. Kalikow 's office would n't comment but sources close to Mr. Kalikow said Mr. Koch has accepted the offer . According to sources , Sogo is negotiating to hire an investment banking firm to advise it on a Saks bid . Beatty produces\directs the $ 30 million - plus Touchstone film , to begin production in February , to be filmed on the Universal lot , according to sources . In order to provide Davis with a tax - free grant , the money would be given to him in " settlement " of a $ 57 - million lawsuit the Coliseum has filed against the Raiders for alleged breach of contract , sources said . a reporter can doubt his source Another potential source of opposition comes from within the peasant community , which accounts for 70 % of the population and is divided among Albania 's legendary clans . " To replicate ( Sensor ) would be a pretty tough undertaking , " says one Gillette source . The supply source in Texas was changed when a processing plant went out of service , prompting a change to a different gas field and pipeline . Foreign companies are adding to the U.S. export boom by lining up long - term U.S. supply sources . There was a security guard on duty the night of the fire , but he said he saw nothing and passed a lie detector test , the source said . Dice are commonly used as a source of random numbers . Ironically , one candidate under consideration then - - defense attorney Otto Obermaier - - is among the leading candidates for the job now , according to sources . Something you need to do before you know how the stock market performed is find a news source . Under Cheney 's new five - year budget , the Pentagon 's request would rise from $ 295.1 billion in 1991 to $ 300 billion in 1992 , $ 304 billion in 1993 , $ 308 billion in 1994 and $ 312 billion in 1995 , Administration sources said . " Before the National Science Foundation was there , astronomers knew how to raise money from private sources , " he said . orange juice is a common source of vitamin c Organisations are more vulnerable to penetration by the acts of employees and contractors than by external sources . You would pray because you want help from a supernatural source Of course , it is important to keep in mind that while these are some of the better sources , small amounts from a variety of other foods - - including dried fruits , other vegetables and breads made with milk solids - - contribute to the total daily intake . But the simple fact remains that many drug users wo n't enter treatment until they are forced to - often by the very criminal justice system you think is the source of the problem . Something you need to do before you know how the stock market performed is look up sources of past information He finds old newspaper sources recording dark days in the Gilfoy manse ; diaries with cryptic references to the personality of the Rev. Joshua Gilfoy , and gradually , a picture of an anguished 19th - Century family emerges ; providing enough tumult to permeate the material of the house and cause the ruckus perceived by the tenants . Electric lightbulbs need to be connected to a source of electricity in order to produce light . ) and Democratic National Chairman Ron Brown met with Kovic while they were in Los Angeles for a DCCC fund - raiser in November , a source said . The source said the Padres have decided not to worryabout Coleman 's replacement until closer to the 1991 season and the end of his 3 - year contract . The editorship of " The Angolite " became the source of Rideau 's fame . Domestic lending for real estate and property development was the source of Bank Bumiputra Malaysia Bhd. 's most recent spate of financial troubles , the institution 's executive chairman , Mohamed Basir Ismail , said . 2 . The water source needs to be higher then the body . " Regulators refused to identify the West Coast thrift , and industry sources said they were baffled as well . Some workers had been laid off recently , according to the source . Another way to say " sugar is derived from sugar cane . " is " Sugar cane is one of the sources of sugar . " The largest source of saturated fat , however , is coconut . One source predicted that many members would send copies of Reagan 's letter to constituents who complain about the pay raise . fruit is a source of food for humans and other animals The principal will be backed by zero - coupon Treasury bonds , and the Treasury is required by law to pay the interest on the securities if there ever are insufficient funds from other sources . The United States , citing " conclusive evidence " from satellite photographs and other sources of intelligence , has said that the factory was constructed to produce chemical weapons , including mustard gas and sarin , a deadly nerve agent . Bond declined at the time to elaborate on that announcement , but a source familiar with the situation said Bond expected G. Heileman 's performance to improve over the next year , making it easier to sell . But another source said he might yet do so . Navy sources could not confirm the report Tuesday evening , but such notification is routine . " Obviously , the higher the price of oil , the more attractive becomes alternative sources of energy . The statement " parked cars are a great source of trouble in many cities " helps answer the question " How can a car be an annoyance ? " The health director and Mayor Thom Serrani ordered the building that houses the city 's largest shelter and soup kitchen closed indefinitely for fear it was the source of bacteria that caused the outbreak . The Italian financier is close to announcing that he 's setting up a holding company to buy controlling stakes in Hungarian companies , according to Hungarian sources . Rowing is a great source of exercise . Multiply that by the eventual 15,000 students the chancellor envisions , and you have a major new source of smog . books are a source of knowledge " All Bradley did was make an enemy of Bernson , and then realizing the foolishness of that , tried to patch it over with a compromise that no one liked , " said a confidential City Hall source close to the negotiations between Bernson and Bradley .